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The purpose of this essay is to examine the aesthetic behind Cage's "silent" composition, 4'33", to trace its history, and to show that it marked a significant change in John Cage's musical thought -- specifically how it forms a point-of-no-return from the conventional communicative, self-expressive and intentional purpose of music to a radical new aesthetic that informs the field of unintentional sound, interpenetration, chance, and indeterminacy. The compositional process is described, both the writing of 4'33" and its evolution from past thought. Implications for performance are examined.
The origin of the term "Afrocuban Jazz" dates back to the 1940s ~ Mario Bauza, Frank Grillo "Machito", Chico O'Farrill, and John Birks "Dizzy" Gillespie
Should musics and musicians of the world be studied under the label "ethnomusicology," rather than simply "musicology?" From whose perspective is a music "ethnic?"
...cabildos were formed from the Igbos, Araras, Bantu, Carabalies, Yorubas, and other civilizations/tribes. Cabildos preserved African cultural traditions...