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Peter Kronfeld

New math model could help preserve species - 0 views

  • Instead of relying solely on empirical studies as the basis for habitat conservation, Omri Allouche, a student at the Department of Evolution, Systematics and Ecology at the Hebrew University, has developed, under the supervision of Prof. Ronen Kadmon, a predictive mathematical model.
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    New math model overturns assumptions of models based only on empirical evidence.
Peter Kronfeld

Scientific Data Has Become So Complex, We Have to Invent New Math to Deal With It - Wir... - 0 views

  • This approach can even be useful for applications that are not, strictly speaking, compressed sensing problems, such as the Netflix prize.
    • Peter Kronfeld
       
      Took 2006 - 2009 to accomplish, by an "international team of statisticians, machine learning experts and computer engineers"
  • Given the enormous popularity of Netflix, even an incremental improvement in the predictive algorithm results in a substantial boost to the company’s bottom line. Recht found that he could accurately predict which movies customers might be interested in purchasing, provided he saw enough products per person. Between 25 and 100 products were sufficient to complete the matrix.
  • It wasn’t the size of the data set that was daunting; by big data standards, the size was quite manageable. It was the sheer complexity and lack of formal structure that posed a problem.
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  • Across every discipline, data sets are getting bigger and more complex, whether one is dealing with medical records, genomic sequencing, neural networks in the brain, astrophysics, historical archives, or social networks. Alessandro Vespignani, a physicist at Northeastern University who specializes in harnessing the power of social networking to model disease outbreaks, stock market behavior, collective social dynamics, and election outcomes, has collected many terabytes of data from social networks such as Twitter, nearly all of it raw and unstructured. “We didn’t define the conditions of the experiments, so we don’t know what we are capturing,” he said.
  • calculus lets you take a lot of simple models and integrate them into one big picture.” Similarly, Coifman believes that modern mathematics — notably geometry — can help identify the underlying global structure of big datasets.
  • The key to the technique’s success is a concept known as sparsity, which usually denotes an image’s complexity, or lack thereof. It’s a mathematical version of Occam’s razor: While there may be millions of possible reconstructions for a fuzzy, ill-defined image, the simplest (sparsest) version is probably the best fit. Out of this serendipitous discovery, compressed sensing was born.
  • Using compressed sensing algorithms, it is possible to sample only 100,000 of, say, 1 million pixels in an image, and still be able to reconstruct it in full resolution — provided the key elements of sparsity and grouping (or “holistic measurements”) are present. It is useful any time one encounters a large dataset in which a significant fraction of the data is missing or incomplete.
Peter Kronfeld

How a Radical New Teaching Method Could Unleash a Generation of Geniuses | Wired Busine... - 0 views

  • As she headed into fifth grade, she assumed she was in for more of the same—lectures, memorization, and busy work. Sergio Juárez Correa was used to teaching that kind of class. For five years, he had stood in front of students and worked his way through the government-mandated curriculum. It was mind-numbingly boring for him and the students, and he’d come to the conclusion that it was a waste of time. Test scores were poor, and even the students who did well weren’t truly engaged.
  • Juárez Correa didn’t know it yet, but he had happened on an emerging educational philosophy, one that applies the logic of the digital age to the classroom. That logic is inexorable: Access to a world of infinite information has changed how we communicate, process information, and think. Decentralized systems have proven to be more productive and agile than rigid, top-down ones. Innovation, creativity, and independent thinking are increasingly crucial to the global economy. And yet the dominant model of public education is still fundamentally rooted in the industrial revolution that spawned it, when workplaces valued punctuality, regularity, attention, and silence above all else.
  • knowledge isn’t a commodity that’s delivered from teacher to student but something that emerges from the students’ own curiosity-fueled exploration. Teachers provide prompts, not answers, and then they step aside so students can teach themselves and one another. They are creating ways for children to discover their passion—and uncovering a generation of geniuses in the process.
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  • “So,” Juárez Correa said, “what do you want to learn?”
  • His defining principle: “The children are completely in charge.”
  • if you’re not the one who’s controlling your learning, you’re not going to learn as well,”
  • Peter Gray, a research professor at Boston College who studies children’s natural ways of learning, argues that human cognitive machinery is fundamentally incompatible with conventional schooling. Gray points out that young children, motivated by curiosity and playfulness, teach themselves a tremendous amount about the world. And yet when they reach school age, we supplant that innate drive to learn with an imposed curriculum. “We’re teaching the child that his questions don’t matter, that what matters are the questions of the curriculum. That’s just not the way natural selection designed us to learn. It designed us to solve problems and figure things out that are part of our real lives.”
  • He squatted next to her and asked why she hadn’t expressed much interest in math in the past, since she was clearly good at it. “Because no one made it this interesting,” she said.
Peter Kronfeld

Computational Photography May Help Us See Around Corners - NYTimes.com - 0 views

  • From the reflected light, as well as the room’s geometry and mathematical modeling, he deduces the structure of the hidden objects. “If you modify your camera and add sophisticated processing,” he said, “the camera can look around objects and see what’s beyond
    • Peter Kronfeld
       
      Cool combination of math, geometry, lasers, and computation.
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