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Pigeons "were taught to order 35 different sets of images, all of which displayed one, two, or three items. Then, the setup changed: values up to nine were introduced. The pigeons were then shown a pair of two familiar numbers (such as two and three), one familiar and one unfamiliar number (such as one and seven), or two unfamiliar numbers (such as five and eight). "

"it turns out that most people who consider themselves proficient at digesting number based health information, when called upon, often end up performing quite poorly on problems requiring numeracy." (thanx Johan 4 sharing this link)