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Under strict resource and environmental constraints, improving the overall green efficiency of the industrial chain is crucial to the sustainable development of the marine ship industry. Based on the data of 40 listed companies in the industry chain from 2015 to 2019, the meta-frontier framework and three-stage epsilon based measure (EBM) model are employed to study the green technical efficiency (GTE) in each link of the industry chain and the technical gap between each link. The impact of the external environment on GTE, the main reasons hindering the development of GTE, and the ways to improve GTE are also discussed for policy reference. The results show that: (1) under the meta-frontier, the GTEs of the whole industry chain and the composed links are all high and rising year by year. (2) There are obvious green technological development gaps among the links of the industry chain. The GTEs are ranked as the upstream>the downstream>the midstream. (3) The inefficiencies of green technology (GTEI) in the upstream and downstream of the industry chain come from endogenous hindrance, while the GTEI of the midstream is due to exogenous hindrance. (4) The external environment has a significant influence on the development of GTE in the industrial chain. Highly open and innovative external environment can effectively reduce the input redundancy. (5) After eliminating the external influencing factors and random interferences, the actual GTE of the industrial chain is only 0.4 or so, with more serious imbalance among the three links. Therefore, it is important for the marine ship industry chain to optimize the allocation of innovation resources and cultivate an open and shared innovation environment.

Since the industrial revolution the ocean has become noisier. The global increase in shipping is one of the main contributors to this. In some regions, shipping contributed to an increase in ambient noise of several decibels, especially at low frequencies (10 to 100 Hz). Such an increase can have a substantial negative impact on fish, invertebrates, marine mammals and birds interfering with key life functions (e.g. foraging, mating, resting, etc.). Consequently, engineers are investigating ways to reduce the noise emitted by vessels when designing new ships. At the same time, since the industrial revolution (starting around 1760) greenhouse gas emissions have increased the atmospheric carbon dioxide fraction x(CO2) by more than 100 μmol mol-1. The ocean uptake of approximately one third of the emitted CO2 decreased the average global surface ocean pH from 8.21 to 8.10. This decrease is modifying sound propagation, especially sound absorption at the frequencies affected by shipping noise lower than 10 kHz, making the future ocean potentially noisier. There are also other climate change effects that may influence sound propagation. Sea surface warming might alter the depth of the deep sound speed channel, ice melting could locally decrease salinity and more frequent storms and higher wind speed alter the depth of the thermocline. In particular, modification of the sound speed profile can lead to the appearance of new ducts making specific depths noisier. In addition, ice melting and the increase in seawater temperature will open new shipping routes at the poles increasing anthropogenic noise in these regions. This review aims to discuss parameters that might change in the coming decades, focusing on the contribution of shipping, climate change and economic and technical developments to the future underwater soundscape in the ocean. Examples are given, contrasting the open ocean and the shallow seas. Apart from the changes in sound propagation, this review will also d

Shipping routes across the Arctic are going to open up significantly this century even with a best-case reduction in CO2 emissions, a new study suggests.

Door Opening Inner Door Seal

Hearts have been in mouths today as five multimillion dollar Volvo Open 70s were hoisted 40 feet in the air and onto a ship that is expected to begin transporting them to the start of the second stage of Leg 2 tomorrow.

Cruise line giants like Carnival and Royal Caribbean agree to open a dialog to protect the hundreds of whale sharks that gather off Mexico each year.

Cruise line giants like Carnival and Royal Caribbean agree to open a dialog to protect the hundreds of whale sharks that gather off Mexico each year.

The Panama Canal Authority this week addressed the recently-developed crack in one of the new lock chambers making up the expanded Panama Canal, raising new questions over whether or not the bigger locks will open as scheduled in April 2016.

The Panama Canal Authority this week addressed the recently-developed crack in one of the new lock chambers making up the expanded Panama Canal, raising new questions over whether or not the bigger locks will open as scheduled in April 2016.

Activists insist on new Gaza flotilla despite Rafah opening.

Satellite measurements show we are heading for another year of below-average ice cover in the Arctic. As sea ice melts during the summer months, two major shipping routes have opened in the Arctic Ocean.

Northern Sea Route Opens Earlier than Last Year.

Turkey to open its largest container port in June.

They waved, cheered and let out sighs of relief as their rubber boat, packed with dozens of mainly Syrian and Afghan refugees, approached the Greek coast guard ship that would rescue them at open sea near the island of Lesbos.

They waved, cheered and let out sighs of relief as their rubber boat, packed with dozens of mainly Syrian and Afghan refugees, approached the Greek coast guard ship that would rescue them at open sea near the island of Lesbos.

The new, expanded Panama Canal is set to open soon. Hapag-Lloyd is preparing for the event by optimizing its fleet. Here, we show you what these new ships will look like.

The new, expanded Panama Canal is set to open soon. Hapag-Lloyd is preparing for the event by optimizing its fleet. Here, we show you what these new ships will look like.

South Florida Ports Open After Irma.

Romanian coast guard opens fire on Turkish fishing boat.

Mike POMPEO Says Melting Sea Ice Opens 'New Passageways' For Trade.

Danish anglers could be in for the fishing trip of their lives in a few days' time, after a ship crashed into a fish farm and caused up to 80,000 rainbow trout to escape into the open sea.

Danish anglers could be in for the fishing trip of their lives in a few days' time, after a ship crashed into a fish farm and caused up to 80,000 rainbow trout to escape into the open sea.

Migrant rescue ship stuck off Italy rejects Spain port offer.

As Arctic Ice Vanishes, New Shipping Routes Open.

Malaysia Bans Open-Loop Ship Scrubbers.