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Sylvia A

Chiroptera - 0 views

tolweb.org/Chiroptera

chiroptera bat

shared by Sylvia A on 08 Dec 08 - Cached
  • One unique feature of bats is their modified forelimbs, which support a wing membrane (patagium). The basic elements of the mammalian limb are present in bats, although the relative sizes of most bones and muscles differ from those of nonflying mammals. The most elongated parts of the limb are those of the hand (metacarpal bones) and fingers (phalanges). The primary functions of these bones in bats is to provide support for the patagium and control its movements.
  • Numerous blood vessels and nerves are present throughout the wing membrane. Bats also have five unique muscles present in the patagium, and use additional muscles in the chest and back to move the wings up and down.
  • The most obvious difference between bird wings and those of bats is that bird wings are made of feathers, not a skin membrane. Birds have an elongated arm, but do not have elongated fingers like bats. Additionally, the muscles used in both the upstroke and downstroke are found in the chest of birds, while the upstroke muscles are on the back in bats (Fenton, 1983).
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  • The orientation of the hindlimb is also unique to bats. The hip joint is rotated 90° so that the legs project sideways and the knee faces almost backwards. Due in part to the rotation of the hindlimb, the walking motion of bats differs from other tetrapods, often appearing awkward. The hindlimb is designed to support the patagium in flight and allow the bat to roost hanging from its hindlimbs. Most bats have a tendon system in the toes that locks the claws in place so the bat can hang upside down even when asleep.
  • The body of a bat is ventrally compressed with a short neck region. The bones tend to be slender and light-weight. The majority of the body weight is concentrated in the chest region due to the large flight muscles.
  • The overall shape of the head varies more in bats than within most other groups of mammals. Some bats have very elongated muzzles while others have broad, short faces. There is a correlation between the shape of the head and the type of food eaten. For example, most nectar feeders have long, narrow muzzles that are good for reaching into flowers, while many fruit eaters have short, broad faces good for biting rounded fruits (Hill and Smith, 1984).
  • The ears range from small and round to large and pointed, and often have a cartilaginous fold (tragus) present at the notch of the ear. There is additional variation in the nasal and lip regions of bats. Some bats have complex noseleafs, folds, or wrinkles on their muzzles.
  • A major misconception about bats is that they are blind. This idea originated from the fact that bats are able to successfully maneuver in the dark and often have small eyes. While some bats do have very small eyes (most Microchiroptera) many have large and complex eyes (Megachiroptera).
  • Bats usually have black or brown fur, although the fur can also be gray, white, red, or orange. In some species there are stripes on the face or down the back, or patches of white on the face or above the shoulder. The length of the fur also varies among species from short and dense to long and fluffy. The wing membrane is usually dark in color, although it may have white on the tips or be a lighter color around the bones in the membrane. A few bats have white or pale yellow wings. There are also little hairs on the membrane itself. These hairs can be the color of the wing or the same color as the body.
  • The bat monophyly hypothesis states the Megachiroptera and Microchiroptera are each others closest relatives in an evolutionary sense (i.e., they form a clade).
Alex Kuzma

krakatoa - 0 views

www.donttelleveryone.com/...krakatoa.html

shared by Alex Kuzma on 16 Dec 08 - Cached
  • Alex Kuzma on 16 Dec 08
     
    Until the night of August 26-27, 1883, Krakatau had an area of 47 sq km (18 sq mi); at that time, a volcanic eruption and its consequent explosions destroyed most of the island, so the present area is only 15 sq km (6 sq mi)
Ann Thomas

Dog and Cat Owners Gain Health Benefits - BestFriendsPetCare.com - 0 views

www.bestfriendspetcare.com/bf_feature_14.cfm

shared by Ann Thomas on 08 Dec 08 - Cached
  • Ann Thomas on 08 Dec 08
     
    Good for body Some of the studies show that owning a pet can have very real physical benefits for their owners. These include: * Pet owners have lower blood pressure. It has long been known that the act of stroking a pet can reduce blood pressure. But a study at the State University of New York at Buffalo found that the beneficial effects continue even when the pet is not present. The study, which looked at a group of stockbrokers with hypertension, concluded that just owning a pet can help lower blood pressure -and keep it lower, even in stressful settings. * Pet owners have lower blood cholesterol levels. A study of more than 5,400 people conducted by Australia's Baker Medical Research Institute found that pet owners had not only lower blood pressure, but also lower levels of blood cholesterol and triglycerides in comparison to the non-pet owners, reducing the risk of heart disease. * Pet owners have a higher survival rate after serious illness. Two studies have found that heart attack patients who owned the pets were significantly more likely to be alive a year after they were discharged from the hospital than those who didn't. What's more, a study conducted at City Hospital in New York found that the presence of a pet affected survival rate even more than having a spouse or friends. Patients in hospitals or nursing homes who have regular visits from their pets have shown to be more receptive to treatment. The need to care for their pet gives them reason to recover and the will to live. * Pet owners have fewer doctors' visits. Studies conducted by Cambridge University in England and at the University of California at Los Angeles have found that pet ownership corresponds to overall improved health and fewer medical care visits. A study of Medicare patients also found that seniors who own dogs go to the doctor less than those who do not. Even the most highly-stressed older dog owners in the study had 21 % fewer physician's visits than non-dog ow
Kelly Moran

PowerSearch  Document - 0 views

find.galegroup.com/...retrieve.do

2002 NFL Awards

shared by Kelly Moran on 08 Dec 08 - Cached
  • Kelly Moran on 08 Dec 08
     
    2002 NFL awards presented by GMC: we are professional grade
Janina Jose

Kids Search - powered by EBSCOhost:New years Eve and New years Day - 0 views

web.ebscohost.com/...detail

shared by Janina Jose on 09 Dec 08 - Cached
  • ORIGIN OF THE CELEBRATION Section: Festival The start of the New Year has been celebrated in China for more than 3,000 years. New Year was a time when the farmers gave thanks for the harvest and prayed to the gods for a good harvest in the coming year. This was the one period in the busy farming year when there was time to have a celebration and when the family could get together, relax, and be merry. Chinese New Year begins with a New Moon. The Lunar Year is calculated from the time it takes for the Moon to travel around the Earth, while the Western (Gregorian) calendar is based on the time it takes for the Earth to circle the Sun. The orbits of the Moon bear no relation to the time it takes for the Earth to go around the Sun, which is why the Chinese Lunar New Year is celebrated on a different date each year. In China the New Year was renamed the Spring Festival, in 1911, when the Western calendar was officially accepted in China. However, it is still commonly known around the world as the Chinese New Year. Chinese years are named after one of twelve animals. These have been used in the same order to name the years since the sixth century A.D. Each animal is said to have its own personality and emotions, which are present in people born within its year. ~~~~~~~~By Sarah Moyse This article is copyrighted. All rights reserved.Source: Chinese New Year (0-7613-0374-X)
  • RELIGIONS AND RITUALS Section: Festival Although the New Year celebration is not mainly a religious one, many Chinese will visit a temple at this time of the year to make an offering to the Buddha or to the gods in the hope of making the New Year a good one. Ancestors and gods are honored with ceremonies in the home around a family altar decorated with flowers. Incense and candles are burned at the altar. At important family banquets the ancestors may be recognized as "spiritual guests" and first offered food that is afterward eaten with the meal. The Chinese have three main systems of ideas that are important to them: Confucianism, Daoism, and Buddhism. Although these systems are very different, many Chinese follow some or all of the rituals associated with them just to be safe. Confucius lived in the fifth century B.C. and spoke about the value of good behavior in private life and in government. He said that politeness, honesty, courage, and loyalty were what made good people. He believed in self-development through education and thought that people gain in wisdom as they grow older. It is part of the Confucian tradition to honor parents and ancestors.
  • Daoism comes from the teachings of Laozi, who lived at the same time as Confucius. His book, the Dao De Jing (The Way and Its Power), describes the way (dao means "way") to live at peace with nature so as not to upset natural balances. The Way involves balance between opposite forces. They are called yin and yang. While yin is dark and female, yang is the opposite, being light and male. When yin and yang are balanced, there is perfect harmony with nature. Unlike Confucianism and Daoism, which started in China, Buddhism came from India and is based on the teachings of the Buddha -- a holy man. Buddha taught that people need to let go of earthly desires and become fully aware of what they are doing in the present. Buddhists believe that after death each soul moves on to another body, which may be animal or human. What one is chosen for in the next life depends on how good or bad the person has been in this life. The Chinese also pray to other gods, holding the view that the more gods who can look after them the better. The important ones are the Kitchen God, who watches the family in the home, the Jade Emperor, who is the most important god in heaven, the God of Wealth, who determines how wealthy people are, and the Door Gods. ~~~~~~~~By Sarah Moyse This article is copyrighted. All rights reserved.Source: Chinese New Year (0-7613-0374-X)
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  • HOLIDAY CELEBRATIONS On New Year's Eve, Chinese families have a special feast of seafood and dumplings. Dessert is always Nian Gao- a special New Year's Cake. Everyone stays up late to watch the midnight fireworks. On New Year's Day families go door to door to visit. They exchange gifts with their relatives and neighbors. It is thought to be bad luck to fight or argue at the start of a New Year. Everyone is warm and friendly toward each other. Fireworks light the night sky during a New Year celebration in Hong Kong. ~~~~~~~~By Kieran Walsh Kieran Walsh is a winter of children's nonfiction books, primarily on historical and social studies topics. A graduate of Manhattan College, in Riverdale, NY, his degree is in Communications. Walsh has been involved in the children's book filed as editor, proofreader, and illustrator as well as author. This article is copyrighted. All rights reserved.Source: Chinese New Year
Kelly Moran

PowerSearch  Document - 0 views

find.galegroup.com/...retrieve.do

shared by Kelly Moran on 03 Dec 08 - Cached
  • Kelly Moran on 03 Dec 08
     
    2002 NFL awards presented by GMC: we are professional grade[TM]. (Know It All)
Stephania D

Document Page: BETTER DATA AND EVALUATION OF URBAN RUNOFF PROGRAMS NEEDED TO ASSEDD EFF... - 0 views

elibrary.bigchalk.com/...document

shared by Stephania D on 10 Dec 08 - Cached
  • The Chesapeake Bay, forexample, has been polluted with the nutrients nitrogen andphosphorus and with excess sediment caused, in part, by urbanrunoff. The excess nutrients cause algae blooms that blocksunlight from reaching bay grasses-which are a source of food,shelter, and nursery grounds for many aquatic species.
  • In aneffort to control nutrient pollution in the Chesapeake Bay, theExecutive Council of the Chesapeake Bay Program" established agoal to reduce the nitrogen and phosphorus entering theChesapeake Bay by 40 percent, including through control of runofffrom urban areas.
    • Stephania D
      Stephania D on 10 Dec 08
       
      The Baltimore Harbor and the Patapsco River in Maryland; the Anacostia, River in Washington, D.C.; and the Elizabeth River in Virginia were designated as "regions of concern."
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  • "hot spots" of contaminated sediment.
    • Stephania D
      Stephania D on 10 Dec 08
       
      The Santa Monica Bay Restoration Project conducted a study to identify adverse health effects of untreated urban runoff by surveying over 13,000 swimmers at three bay beaches. The study established a positive association between an increased risk of explains health outcome measures at various distances from storm drains. For example, the study found a 1-in-14 chance of fever for swimmers in front of the drain versus a 1-in-22 chance at 400 or more yards away.
  • Pathogens such as bacteria and viruses, which are often presentin urban runoff, can pose public health problems.
  • Drains Versus 400 or More Yards Away Found On Hard Copy-Storm Drain Runoff," Epidemiology, July 1999, Vol. 10, No. 4.Metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in urban runoffcan present a threat to aquatic life.
  • proved to betoxic to sea urchin fertilization in the Santa Monica Bay, anddissolved zinc and copper were determined to be contributors tothis toxicity. -Brown bullheads (a bottom-dwelling catfish) inthe Anacostia River developed tumors that were believed to becaused by PAHs associated in part with urban runoff. High PAHand heavy metal concentrations were found in crayfish tissuesamples from several urban streams in Milwaukee. The studyassociated these contaminants with storm water runoff.
  • The three primaryactivities used in these programs include efforts to characterizestorm water runoff; BMPs aimed at reducing pollutants in stormwater runoff to the maximum extent practicable; and reportingprogram activities, monitoring results, and costs of implementingthe program. Some BMPs are structural-meaning that they aredesigned to trap and detain runoff until constituents settle orare filtered out.
  • -good housekeeping" practices by the local government, such asoil collection and recycling, spill response, household andhazardous waste collection, pesticide controls, flood controlmanagement, and street sweeping; -public education programs, suchas storm-drain stenciling, to remind the public that trash, motoroil, and other pollutants thrown into storm drains end up innearby receiving waters;' -new ordinances to control pollutionsources, such as prohibiting the disposal of lawn clippings instorm drains and requiring pet owners to clean up after theirpets;" requirements that developers comply with storm waterregulations and incorporate erosion and sediment controls at allnew development sites; -requirements that runoff from propertiesowned or activities sponsored by the municipality be properlycontrolled; and -efforts to identify and eliminate illicitconnections and illegal discharges to the storm sewer systems,such as those from pipes carrying sewage.
  • Several officials in the cities we visited said that their annualcosts are likely to increase. A number of factors could affectthe costs. For example, a Baltimore City official explained thatthe anticipated, future program costs depend on several factors,including (1) requirements in watershed- management planscurrently being developed, (2) pollution-reduction goals the citywill be required to achieve, (3) requirements of the stateregulatory agency in future permits, and (4) requirements thecity may have to meet if TMDLs or numeric effluent limits areincorporated into NPDES storm water permits. Other city officialsalso expressed concern about the extent to which TMDLs couldaffect their future costs. These city officials are concernedthat when and if TMDLs are established, their future storm waterpermits may require that storm water runoff meet specific waterquality standards. For example, Los Angeles County's trash TMDLcould potentially drive the county's storm water management costsupward, and the county expects additional TMDLs to be imposed. Onthe other hand, Worcester officials estimated that their futurestorm water costs would be about the same as they were at thetime of our review-about $4.5 million per year.
Ann Thomas

PreventDisease.com - Pets Benefit Human Health - 0 views

www.preventdisease.com/...tips41.shtml

shared by Ann Thomas on 03 Dec 08 - Cached
  • The health benefits of pet ownership are obvious for people who like animals, and most of us doat on friendly, clean, non-threatening animals. Dogs and cats are generally more affectionate and entertaining as pets than, say, fish or birds or ferrets, though many delight in those animals, too.
  • Besides that, a pet gives you something to care for and thus provides some structure for your life.
  • Ann Thomas on 03 Dec 08
     
    Many articles present pet ownership as a key to heart health, social support, and long life. In one study last year, researchers at the State University of New York at Buffalo found that married couples who owned pets had a lower heart rate and blood pressure whether at rest or when undergoing stressful tests than those without pets.
Ashley T

War Dogs - U.S Army's use of dogs 1942-Present - 0 views

www.qmfound.com/War_Dogs.htm

dogs in military

shared by Ashley T on 03 Dec 08 - Cached
  • war dog training during
  • Dogs continued to serve the armed forces with distinction in Korea, Vietnam, Desert Storm, Afghanistan and Iraq and many recent contingency operations.
  • U.S. Army's use of dogs 1942-Present
  • Ashley T on 03 Dec 08
     
    website
karen ponce

Student Research Center - powered by EBSCOhost: Pilgrim's paradox - 0 views

web.ebscohost.com/...detail

shared by karen ponce on 09 Dec 08 - Cached
  • he Pilgrims, fleeing religious persecution, sailed from England to the New World aboard the Mayflower. They stepped ashore on Plymouth Rock and began a new colony. In unfamiliar territory, they came near starvation, but the Indian Squanto appeared and taught them to plant corn and make their living from the land. Led by William Bradford and Miles Standish, they survived these difficult early days, and when they brought in the first rich harvest, they set aside a day to give thanks to God for their good fortune. The chief Massasoit and their other Native American neighbors came bringing deer and wild turkeys, and together the Indians and the Pilgrims celebrated the first Thanksgiving. The vague history (more myth, really) of the first Thanksgiving presents a scenario of the encounter of New World and Old World people that existed for only a moment, if it existed at all. It involves one of the least typical, and least successful, groups of European colonizers of the North American continent. Yet Thanksgiving is an important celebration throughout the United States, and like most things central to American culture, it is complicated and multilayered.
Ashley Yoder

Nick Jonas - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 0 views

en.wikipedia.org/Nick_Jonas

shared by Ashley Yoder on 04 Dec 08 - Cached
  • Nick was born in Dallas, Texas to Denise and Paul Kevin Jonas Sr. He was raised in Wyckoff, New Jersey and is of Irish, Italian, German, and Cherokee descent. He was diagnosed with Type I diabetes at the age of 13 a
  • Nick's career started when he was discovered at the age of 6 in a barber shop while his mother was getting her hair cut and was referred to as a professional show business manager.[
  • Solo artist
  • ...10 more annotations...
  • Birth name Nicholas Jerry Jonas
  • Born September 16, 1992 (1992-09-16) (age 16)
  • Origin Wyckoff, New Jersey, U.S.
  • Genre(s) Teen pop, Pop rock
  • Occupation(s) Vocalist, Musician, Actor, Singer-songwriter
  • Instrument(s) Vocals, guitar, drums, piano
  • Years active 1999 - present
  • Label(s) Hollywood Columbia
  • Associated acts Jonas Brothers, Demi Lovato
  • Website JonasBrothers.com
  • Ashley Yoder on 04 Dec 08
     
    nicholas jerry jonas
Stephania D

Arsenic - 0 views

en.wikipedia.org/Arsenic

Water Pollution Arsenic

shared by Stephania D on 03 Dec 08 - Cached
  • Exposure to arsenic can occur from the environment and food consumption
  • Arsenic contamination of groundwater has led to a massive epidemic of arsenic poisoning in Bangladesh[32] and neighbouring countries.
  • Presently 42 major incidents around the world have been reported on groundwater arsenic contamination. It is estimated that approximately 57 million people are drinking groundwater with arsenic concentrations elevated above the World Health Organization's standard of 10 parts per billion. However, a study of cancer rates in Taiwan [33] suggested that significant increases in cancer mortality appear only at levels above 150 parts per billion. The arsenic in the groundwater is of natural origin, and is released from the sediment into the groundwater due to the anoxic conditions of the subsurface.
  • Stephania D on 03 Dec 08
     
    Water contaminate
Minjie Kim

Behaviorism, John B. Watson, Social Control, Modern Psychology, Governments, and Denial... - 0 views

www.sntp.net/behaviorism.htm

behaviorism psychology Watson

shared by Minjie Kim on 09 Dec 08 - Cached
  • the subject matter of human psychology is the behavior of the human being
  • claims that consciousness is neither a definite nor a usable concept.
  • belief in the existence of consciousness goes back to the ancient days of superstition and magic
    • Minjie Kim
      Minjie Kim on 09 Dec 08
       
      isn't he just saying here that the consciousness is something that doesn't exist, or else is something that's there, but not exactly present, we can't control it nor are we completely aware of it.
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  • The great mass of people even today has not yet progressed very far away from savagery - it wants to believe in magic
    • Minjie Kim
      Minjie Kim on 09 Dec 08
       
      ... true, but how could a "savage"know of anything like this? of course he said "the great mass of people" which implies that he's... better than the average person.... isn't acknowledging your knowledge of psychology , and UNDERSTANDING of it basically being conceited? (does that mean I am?)
  • Almost every era has its new magic, black or white, and its new magician
Janina Jose

Kids Search - powered by EBSCOhost: France and It's Celebrations - 0 views

web.ebscohost.com/...detail

shared by Janina Jose on 05 Dec 08 - Cached
  • Section: Festival The start of the New Year has been celebrated in China for more than 3,000 years. New Year was a time when the farmers gave thanks for the harvest and prayed to the gods for a good harvest in the coming year. This was the one period in the busy farming year when there was time to have a celebration and when the family could get together, relax, and be merry. Chinese New Year begins with a New Moon. The Lunar Year is calculated from the time it takes for the Moon to travel around the Earth, while the Western (Gregorian) calendar is based on the time it takes for the Earth to circle the Sun. The orbits of the Moon bear no relation to the time it takes for the Earth to go around the Sun, which is why the Chinese Lunar New Year is celebrated on a different date each year. In China the New Year was renamed the Spring Festival, in 1911, when the Western calendar was officially accepted in China. However, it is still commonly known around the world as the Chinese New Year. Chinese years are named after one of twelve animals. These have been used in the same order to name the years since the sixth century A.D. Each animal is said to have its own personality and emotions, which are present in people born within its year. ~~~~~~~~By Sarah Moyse This article is copyrighted. All rights reserved.Source: Chinese New Year (0-7613-0374-X)
  • Holidays are very important to the French. The French begin the year with a celebration of the Jour de l'An, which is New Year's Day. They greet each other by saying "Bonne Annee!" (Happy New Year). On January 6th there is la Fete des Rois (the Festival of the Three Kings), where people have a King's Cake. Whoever finds the special toy that has been baked into the cake gets to be king or queen for the day. In February, the French celebrate la Saint-Valentin or Valentine's Day by giving, valentines and chocolates. Also the French mark the start of Lent (a religious time when people fast) with Mardi Gras celebrations. On the 1st of April people play tricks on each other and say "Poisson d'avril!" which means "April fish!" People have little paper fishes that they cut out and try to stick on the backs of their friends that day. Easter is an important holiday in France. On the morning of Easter Sunday, most French people go to church. Afterwards, they carry home candles that have been blessed by priests. For Easter, which is called Le Pacques, omelettes, (an egg dish) are usually eaten for breakfast. People also give each other chocolate eggs and chocolate bunnies.
  • Holidays are very important to the French. The French begin the year with a celebration of the Jour de l'An, which is New Year's Day. They greet each other by saying "Bonne Annee!" (Happy New Year). On January 6th there is la Fete des Rois (the Festival of the Three Kings), where people have a King's Cake. Whoever finds the special toy that has been baked into the cake gets to be king or queen for the day. In February, the French celebrate la Saint-Valentin or Valentine's Day by giving, valentines and chocolates. Also the French mark the start of Lent (a religious time when people fast) with Mardi Gras celebrations. On the 1st of April people play tricks on each other and say "Poisson d'avril!" which means "April fish!" People have little paper fishes that they cut out and try to stick on the backs of their friends that day.
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  • Easter is an important holiday in France. On the morning of Easter Sunday, most French people go to church. Afterwards, they carry home candles that have been blessed by priests. For Easter, which is called Le Pacques, omelettes, (an egg dish) are usually eaten for breakfast. People also give each other chocolate eggs and chocolate bunnies. May 1st is May Day and French people wear corsages made of flowers like the lily-of-valley, which they also give to friends for good luck. During the summer months, there is the Tour de France, which is a bicycle race. The 14th of July is France's Independence Day, called Bastille Day. There are parades and fireworks, and people decorate their houses and celebrate all day. Christmas is a favorite holiday in France for the young and old. On Christmas Eve, families often attend midnight mass. After church, they return home for a big dinner called le reveillon. Dinner often consists of such foods like soup, turkey, goose, and oysters. A popular dessert at Christmas time is buche de Noel, a cake filled with chocolate and rolled into the shape of a log. The cake represents the Yule log that burns in the fireplaces of the French people during Christmas.
Bibin John

History Who Really Invented the Airplane Part 2 - Trivia-Library.com - 0 views

www.trivia-library.com/...vented-the-airplane-part-2.htm

shared by Bibin John on 08 Dec 08 - Cached
  • Ader kept working to perfect his airplane, and finally, with the financial backing of the French Army, he built Avion III, a flying machine similar in design to the Eole but with a longer wingspan and two four-blade propellers. On Oct. 14, 1897, Ader tested his Avion at Satory with a military observer team present. Ader claimed that that day he had again flown, but three witnesses disagreed with each other about whether Ader actually took off and flew the Avion before it crashed.
  • SAMUEL PIERPONT LANGLEY
  • Langley was soon experimenting with models, the first of which were powered by rubber bands
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • The result was the completion of a series of test planes.
  • Alexander Graham Bell
  • This 30-lb. craft with a steam engine flew for 1 min. 20 sec. at an altitude of 70 to 100 ft. for a distance of 3,000 ft.
  • It was the first successful flight of an unmanned heavier-than-air flying machine. Langley's Aerodrome Number 6 had mechanical problems that day, but it flew 4,200 ft. in November of 1896.
  • In 1898, at President William McKinley's instigation, the U.S. Army awarded Langley $50,000 to develop a plane that would carry a man aloft. In December, 1903, nine days before the Wrights' test at Kitty Hawk, Langley tried out his new gasoline-powered experimental model. A mishap with the catapult caused the airplane to plunge to the bottom of the Potomac, and Langley gave up his experiments after being criticized by the press for the great expense to the taxpayers.
elizabeth murphy

Meteorites, Meteorites and Impacts - 0 views

www.nineplanets.org/meteorites.html

astronomy

shared by elizabeth murphy on 04 Dec 08 - Cached
    • elizabeth murphy
      elizabeth murphy on 04 Dec 08
       
      meteorites past, present and future
Minjie Kim

Behaviorism - 0 views

webspace.ship.edu/beh.html

bahaviorism psychology behaviorists

shared by Minjie Kim on 04 Dec 08 - Cached
  • philosophical position that says that psychology, to be a science, must focus its attentions on what is observable
    • Minjie Kim
      Minjie Kim on 04 Dec 08
       
      while most psychology is about what is not observable, this states that behaviorism deals with what is. ^.^
  • reflexology, and defined it as the objective study of stimulus-response connections
  • unconditioned stimulus and an unconditioned response -- a reflex
  • ...8 more annotations...
  • neutral stimulus with the reflex by presenting it with the unconditioned stimulus
  • conditioned response
  • extinction
  • spontaneous recovery strongly suggests that the habit has been there all alone
  • first signal system is where the conditioned stimulus (a bell) acts as a “signal” that an important event is to occur
  • cond signal system is when arbitrary symbols come to stand for stimuli, as they do in human language.
  • The law of exercise
  • The law of effect.
Christina T

Student Research Center - powered by EBSCOhost: Early Japan -- The Yayoi Period - 0 views

web.ebscohost.com/...detail

japanese customs

shared by Christina T on 09 Dec 08 - Cached
  • Japan entered into its second major prehistoric period, a civilized era known as the Yayoi period.
  • he name Yayoi is derived from an area Tokyo known as Yayoi, where the first documented pottery from this period was discovered in an archaeological excavation in 1884.
  • ron and bronze materials are believed to have been exchanged with Japanese envoys either for token tributes or prisoners of war.
  • ...20 more annotations...
  • early all of the country's inhabitants belong to the same ethnic group and share the same racial background and cultural characteristics.
  • Within the villages, households consist of large families. This usually includes a farmer, his wife and children, grandparents, and grown sons and their families.
  • Yayoi culture originally developed in northern Kyushu, the western and southernmost of Japan's main islands.
  • Japanese city life is much more Westernized than that of the countryside.
  • ayoi culture spread into Honshu (Japan's largest island) and present-day Tokyo in the Middle (100 BC-100 AD) to Late Yayoi (100-300AD) period.
  • Modern entertainment is also active in the cities of Japan.
  • The Japanese celebrate many holidays and practice many customs throughout the year.
  • On May 5 Kodomo-no-Hi (Children's Day) is celebrated. This is a day set aside to honor all children.
  • Perhaps the most important development of the Yayoi period was the cultivation of rice, probably introduced from the area near the Yangtze River delta in southern China.
  • November 23 marks Kansha-no-Hi (Labor-Thanksgiving Day). On this day, the Japanese give thanks to laborers and for a successful harvest.
  • apanese men and women did not choose their marriage partners based on love. Instead, marriage was arranged by families who paired couples based on their social and economic status.
  • At the end of the day a large bathtub is filled with hot water. Then, each family member, in turn washes and rinses thoroughly before getting into the tub.
  • In addition to pottery and iron and bronze tools, archaeologists have depended largely on burial remains to uncover Yayoi culture.
  • For years, the Japanese have taken great pride in their performing arts. Dance and theater are essential parts of Japanese culture.
  • n northeastern Japan, secondary burials were conducted in which the bones of the dead were exhumed, painted decoratively, and placed in ornamental clay jars.
  • "No plays" are other types of theatrical performances common in Japan.
  • The gagaku, for example, is classical music that was introduced into Japan from China in the 8th century A.D.
  • Western music is also popular in Japan.
  • For many years the Japanese style of dress consisted of long, flowing robes called kimonos.
  • The climate of Japan varies a great deal from heavy snows and extreme cold along the west coast to warm and humid summers in the rest of the country.
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