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Gabrijela Vrbnjak

Brain-to-brain interface lets rats share information via internet | Science | The Guardian - 0 views

www.guardian.co.uk/...ts-connected-share-information

internet rats information brain organic computer code encode

shared by Gabrijela Vrbnjak on 04 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • News Science Neuroscience Brain-to-brain interface lets rats share information via internet Rats thousands of miles apart collaborate on simple tasks with their brains connected through the internet Share 9893 inShare61 Email Ian Sample, science correspondent The Guardian, Friday 1 March 2013 jQ(document).ready(function(){ jQ.ajax({ url : 'http://resource.guim.co.uk/global/static/file/discussion/5/fill-comment-counts-swimlaned.js', dataType : 'script', type : 'get', crossDomain : true, cache: true }); }); Jump to comments (449) A rat with a brain-to-brain implant responds to a light (circled) by pressing a lever. Its motor cortex was connected to that of another rat. Photograph: Scientific Reports Scientists have connected the brains of a pair of animals and allowed them to share sensory information
  • US team fitted two rats with devices called brain-to-brain interfaces that let the animals collaborate on simple tasks to earn rewards
  • experiments showed that we have established a sophisticated, direct communication linkage between brains
  • ...10 more annotations...
  • In one radical demonstration of the technology, the scientists used the internet to link the brains of two rats separated
  • If the receiving rat failed at the task, the first rat was not rewarded with a drink, and appeared to change its behaviour to make the task easier for its partner.
  • an organic computer
  • we are creating
  • Even though the animals were on different continents
  • they could still communicate
  • we could create a workable network of animal brains distributed in many different locations
  • you could imagine that a combination of brains could provide solutions that individual brains cannot achieve by themselves
  • the work was "very important" in helping to understand how brains encode information
  • Very little is known about how thoughts are encoded and how they might be transmitted into another person's brain – so that is not a realistic prospect any time soon
donnamariee

How social networks have changed our world | Techi.com - 0 views

www.techi.com/...etworks-have-changed-our-world

shared by donnamariee on 17 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • How social networks have changed our world
  • social networks have evolved from simple communication hubs to veritable agents of change; galvanizing thousands of people over political discourse, creating and changing industries, and all in all, transforming people’s lives
  • Today, more than 600 million users worldwide are active on this website. Approximately 200 million people are active on twitter
  • ...11 more annotations...
  • None of these social networks even excited at the beginning of the decade. While these figures may be mere numbers for many people, the impact of social network goes far and deep. Here are a few areas in which social networks have had lasting and arguably permanent effects.
  • social networks have altered the operational model of politics and public service
  • Facebook
  • touchstone for how non-profit organizations, environmental activities, and political factions reach out to thousands of potential volunteers and donors
  • Twitter is being used by almost all progressive politicians to promote their causes. Thanks to the social networks, politics is no longer limited to the political elites; people voice their opinions, share their ideas, and even communicate with politicians on a one-on-one basis. It’s a technology lesson that progressive politicians have to learn or else, risk losing to the tech savvy youth of today.
    • donnamariee
      donnamariee on 17 Mar 13
       
      Twitter is being used by almost all progressive politicians to promote their causes. Thanks to the social networks, politics is no longer limited to the political elites; people voice their opinions, share their ideas, and even communicate with politicians on a one-on-one basis. It's a technology lesson that progressive politicians have to learn or else, risk losing to the tech savvy youth of today.
  • Marketing and advertising are transforming themselves from industries reliant on mass market channels to those that must embrace the power of the customer, and attempt to engage in conversations with them. Often, a “middle man” (such as news paper reporter) ultimately determined that what was written or said. The ability to bypass gatekeepers and facilitate direct interactions with consumers and communities is very important.
  • Some news websites already present visitors with a list of stories recommended by their friends because they realize an endorsement from ‘someone you know’ carries extra weight
  • From traffic updates, to natural riots, anyone and everyone who has access to social networking sites can report his/her version of such events. Sifting through the humongous amount of news, speculations and analysis are abilities that a New Media user must now possess.
  • It is not uncommon to see small or home grow businesses that operate solely through their Facebook accounts. In fact, for businesses, interaction via social network has almost become a yardstick to test out their customer service
  • With Google+ being launched recently, it is clear that all technology giants have realized the critical role that social networks will lay in shaping our lives. It is no longer about implementing the latest, cutting edge technology; it is about how seamlessly and organically a social network merges in our lives, and affects every aspect of it. The lines between real and virtual lives have now blurred to the extent of becoming invisible
  • donnamariee on 17 Mar 13
     
    essay theme 2
Anja Vasle

Progressive Internet Entrepreneurs | The Nation - 0 views

www.thenation.com/...ressive-internet-entrepreneurs

progressive internet nation entrepreneurs

shared by Anja Vasle on 05 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • Since there's no evidence these investors are interested in anything but profit, it's up to progressive organizations to become players in the global m
  • edia game.
  • generate huge revenues
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • they are doing what they can to make sure young people are immersed in brand messages
  • Last year, more than $21 billion was spent in the United States on Internet-related ads. By 2011, online advertising will overtake newspapers as the leading recipient of US marketing dollars.
  • US media history in the twentieth century illustrated how radio, broadcast television and cable were media with great promise, but once advertising took hold their public interest potential was soon scuttled.
  • how corporate investments affect the diversity of digital ownership.
  • Google, Microsoft, and Time Warner are gobbling up leading digital media companies
Klemen Mramor

Social Movements 2.0 | The Nation - 0 views

www.thenation.com/...social-movements-20

shared by Klemen Mramor on 05 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • This tension around the pros and cons of online organizing has spurred a healthy debate in the social movement community.
Mateja Žnidaršič

A truly world wide web? | Media | MediaGuardian - 0 views

www.guardian.co.uk/...7

shared by Mateja Žnidaršič on 06 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • In its early, idealistic days the web was heralded as a force for democratic change. According to the early web revolutionaries, the medium opened up the world of publishing to everyone, regardless of nationality, race or location.
  • the network continued to grow organically, expanding to take in an ISP, a shopping site and a small businesses portal.
  • The BBC also plays an important role. As with its wider new media activities, the corporation's public service role has increased in importance as commercial competitors have fallen by the wayside.
nensic

Under the regime of precarity: bring your own device | openDemocracy - 0 views

www.opendemocracy.net/...recarity-bring-your-own-device

mobile internet PC neoliberal economic policy precarity monopoly

shared by nensic on 05 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • At one and the same time technocracy and financial oligarchies find here an ideal medium to extend their influence and their control of individuals in space and time.
  • At one and the same time technocracy and financial oligarchies find here an ideal medium to extend their influence and their control of individuals in space and time. This explains the fierce struggle going on among key market players.
  • Today large communities use devices like smartphones, tablets, e-readers and ultrabooks to navigate this new ecosystem.
  • ...26 more annotations...
  • The growing dynamic of mobile internet, today accounting for 12% of all internet traffic,[ii] signals a new ecosystem where living bodies, machines, networks, code, data, territory and time interact.
  • as a way of consolidating their strictly neoliberal economic policy.
  • The hundreds of thousands of apps, available in just a few years, originate from the intersection of two factors:
  • The desire and necessity to have simple, functional and fast devices able to do specific tasks on the go.
  • the operative skills to develop apps for popular mobile platforms such as Iphone Operating System (IOS) or Google Android. 
  • Apps galore
  • Apple likes to play on the ambiguity in a form of propaganda that exalts the “revolutionary” spirit of technological innovation
  • The first iPhone, in 2007, inaugurated the new phase of the cognitive era, just as the PC heralded the decline of the industrial phase. Five years later, Apple no longer has a monopoly: hundreds of millions of smartphones and tablets are sold every year and the total number of these active devices will be soon 2 billion. It took the PC thirty years to reach this level of diffusion.
  • War over the immaterial
  • Often these machines play opposite functions: as a tool to create new forms of horizontal communication and social interaction or as bait for a capillary exploitation.
  • A political analysis of mobile devices
  • The PC became a liberating tool for social cooperation in the workplace of a booming third-sector.
  • In the following phase, the spread of the first mobile devices – cellphones and laptops – provided an initial impulse for a blurring of life and work, imposing with mobile calls, emails or SMS a new type of real-time processing, regulating the rhythms of life
  • In the new biohypermedia environment, the key change lies in the combination of miniaturizing and mobilizing these pieces of equipment, allowing them to always be within the body’s reach in any context.
  • they augment physical reality[ix] with every kind of information – commercial, cultural, ecological – and act more and more as biomedical sets for the control, correction and support of our vital biological functions.
  • The PC has a central function as the medium for linguistic and written processes - its typical uses often tied to the logical concatenation of thought and the priority management of sequences over time.
  • But mobile devices concentrate complex perception of stimuli in terms of spatial organization and intervene in emotional responses. PC work in this way occupies our left hemisphere, while the continual interactions of a smartphone engage the right hemisphere.
  • In contemporary neoliberalism, these devices become an essential means of rent and profit, through a fine capture of what we generate by living with them and using them. At one and the same time technocracy and financial oligarchies find here an ideal medium to extend their influence and their control of individuals in space and time.
  • Marketing and communication campaigns portray these devices as commodity fetishes, characterizing a new phase of capitalism often described as cognitive because based on knowledge.
  • In the sphere of multinational ICT[x] Corporations a war is being waged over the design and deployment of immaterial enclosures
  • Even though all this is based on freeware and open source, they trick us into believing that the iPhone 5, Windows 8 or Jellybean[xi] are miracles that descend from Mount Olympus and for which we should be grateful as to the gods.
  • Unlike automobiles or, to a lesser degree, PCs, the use value of new mobile devices is no longer determined merely by the initial design but can be moulded by the final user.
  • The innumerable websites, blogs and forums in every language globally blooming and growing are a workshop for worldwide exchange where the digital means are developed that could be used to withdraw workers both from precarity and  from total submission to a life of labour.  
  • Microsoft is no less defensive of its monopoly: with Intel and other accomplices, they introduced a new firmware to boot Windows 8 PCs that, substituting the old BIOS,[xv] makes it impossible or very complicated to install Linux or other operating systems on new laptops.
  • Despite hesitations related to “security” problems, today companies allow or even oblige people to use their own devices
  • So, if you were one of those many who found the latest tablet, smartphone or hybrid touch device under the tree this year, be aware that you won’t be the only one pleased: under the regime of precarity, bring your own device if you want to survive. 
  • nensic on 05 Mar 13
     
    "Bring your own device (BYOD) is a business policy whereby employees bring personally owned mobile devices to their place of work and use them to access privileged company resources such as email, file servers and databases as well as their personal applications and data."
nikasvajncer

Fiber Optic Breakthrough to Improve Internet Security Cheaply - NYTimes.com - 0 views

www.nytimes.com/...internet-security-cheaply.html

shared by nikasvajncer on 07 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • Scientists at Toshiba and Cambridge University have perfected a technique that offers a less expensive way to ensure the security of the high-speed fiber optic cables that are the backbone of the modern Internet.
  • But they will also be valuable for protecting financial data and ultimately all information transmitted over the Internet.
  • The approach is based on quantum physics, which offers the ability to exchange information in a way that the act of eavesdropping on the communication would be immediately apparent.
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • Modern optical data networking systems increase capacity by transmitting multiple data streams simultaneously in different colors of light. The Toshiba-Cambridge system sends the quantum information over the same fiber, but isolates it in its own frequency.
  • “By measuring the error rate in the secret key, we can determine whether there has been any eavesdropping in the fiber and in that way directly test the secrecy of each key.”
Janja Petek

Unreported Side Effects of Drugs Are Found Using Internet Search Data, Study Finds - NY... - 0 views

www.nytimes.com/...internet-data-study-finds.html

effects internet search data

shared by Janja Petek on 07 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • Using data drawn from queries entered into Google, Microsoft and Yahoo search engines, scientists at Microsoft, Stanford and Columbia University have for the first time been able to detect evidence of unreported prescription drug side effects before they were found by the Food and Drug Administration’s warning system.
  • Using automated software tools to examine queries by six million Internet users taken from Web search logs in 2010, the researchers looked for searches relating to an antidepressant, paroxetine, and a cholesterol lowering drug, pravastatin.
  • The new study was undertaken after Dr. Altman wondered whether there was a more immediate and more accurate way to gain access to data similar to what the F.D.A. had access to.
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • He turned to computer scientists at Microsoft, who created software for scanning anonymized data collected from a software toolbar installed in Web browsers by users who permitted their search histories to be collected.
  • The researchers said that they were now thinking about how to add new sources of information, like behavioral data and information from social media sources. The challenge, they noted, was to integrate new sources of data while protecting individual privacy.
Veronika Lavrenčič

How the Internet Gets Inside Us : The New Yorker - 0 views

www.newyorker.com/...110214crat_atlarge_gopnik

shared by Veronika Lavrenčič on 07 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • The Information How the Internet gets inside us.
  • searc
  • engine Google was launched.
  • ...28 more annotations...
  • “Why is she doing that?” they whisper. “Why doesn’t she just Google it?”
  • the technological shifts in communication we’re living with are unprecedented
  • our technological revolution is the big social revolution that we live with.
  • the Never-Betters, the Better-Nevers, and the Ever-Wasers
  • the world
  • the brink of a new utopia
  • Better-Nevers
  • better off if the whole thing had never happened
  • uperior
  • is coming to an end
  • Never-Betters
  • Ever-Wasers
  • s taking its place
  • new way of organizing data and connecting users is always thrilling to some and chilling to others
  • is exactly what makes it a modern moment.
  • N.Y.U. professor Clay Shirk
  • something a little nervous going on underneath.
  • e are on the crest of an ever-surging wave of democratized information
  • Gutenberg printing press produced the Reformation, which produced the Scientific Revolution, which produced the Enlightenment, which produced the Internet,
  • he new connective technology
  • he Wired version of Whig history
  • is bound to make for more freedom
  • “Is the Internet Changing the Way You Think?,”
  • “We see all around us transformations in the making that will rival or exceed the printing revolution”
  • “Printing ignited the previously wasted intellectual potential of huge segments of the population. . . . Freedom of thought and speech—where they exist—were unforeseen offspring of the printing press.”
  • Never-Betterism has its excitements,
  • emerged at the end of the printing-press era
  • t wasn’t by some technological logic but because of parallel inventions,
  • Veronika Lavrenčič on 07 Mar 13
     
    O tem, kako je tehnologija prišla v nas, kako jo bodo verjetno občutile mlajše generacije in kako je tehnologija vedno obstajala, le zavedali se je niso. 
donnamariee

Better Policy Through Better Information | John O. McGinnis | Cato Unbound - 0 views

www.cato-unbound.org/...icy-through-better-information

shared by donnamariee on 20 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • Can Internet activism work?
  • is importantly correct that the Internet can help redress the balance between special and more encompassing interests by reducing the cost of accessing information. Such reduction redounds to the advantage of diffuse groups more than concentrated groups because reduced costs can temper the former groups’ larger problems of coordination.
  • earing that more information may enable citizens to better organize to attack their privileges, they have tried to restrict emerging technologies of free communication as long as these technologies have been around.
  • ...4 more annotations...
  • In a democratic state like ours, the primary interest groups are not authoritarian cliques, but private actors, like public sector unions and trade associations, which have the leverage to pressure politicians to use public power on their behalf. And, like authoritarian leaders, such groups are desperate to avoid transparency to retain their benefits. A case in point is the opposition of teachers' unions to publishing evaluations of schools and teachers on the Internet. And many interest groups have tried to prevent laws requiring Internet disclosure of campaign contributions.
  • Yet the results of policies are contestable. And it is often hard for citizens who are distracted by many enterprises more interesting than politics to find good information about policies' likely outcomes. Most people also have a better intuitive sense of how policies will affect their short-term interests than the long-term interests of society, even if the long-term effects may be of great personal as well as social benefit.
  • The Internet provides an important mechanism of such social discovery. Because of the greater space and interconnections that the Internet makes available, web-based media, like blogs, can be dispersed and specialized and yet connected with the wider world. As a result of this more decentralized and competitive media, the web generates both more innovative policy ideas and better explanations of policy than were available when mainstream media dominated the flow of political discussion.
  • In short, over time the Internet and allied aspects of the computational revolution can create more focused and more accurate knowledge about the consequences of social policies. This knowledge in turn can help more citizens focus more on what they have in common—their shared goals and policies that may achieve them—rather than on the unsupported intuitions or personal circumstances that may divide them. Of course, some citizens will remain ideologues, impervious to updating on the facts. But democracy moves by changing the middle, not the extremes. Like other mechanisms that increase common knowledge, the Internet can give wing to the better angels of our nature.
  • donnamariee on 20 Mar 13
     
    essaytheme 
donnamariee

Who is Social Media Really Working For? | Jason Benlevi | Cato Unbound - 0 views

www.cato-unbound.org/...ocial-media-really-working-for

shared by donnamariee on 20 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • “digital activism” had tremendous impact and leverage for change
  • It’s my opinion that social networking, as an activist tool, is being vastly oversold.
  • Technology always cuts two ways. Although the personal computer provided empowerment and creative liberation for individuals, and the Internet gave us access to information, they came at a cost.
  • ...7 more annotations...
  • Since centralized power is inherently non-democratic, these monolithic network entities are not inclined to liberate humanity. Therefore utopians better think twice if they are depending on the Net to promulgate democracy and freedom
  • Does social media make any kind of impact in molding opinion? Yes. As with all media types it serves both for good and evil, truth and lies
  • in the belief that cultural and physical realities are the determining factors far more than “friending” a cause. Whether we like it or not, bullets and batons are more potent than bytes. Reality generally trumps virtuality.
  • The efficacy of the network as a tool of activism is best examined in three different contexts: 1. Democratic states 2. Authoritarian states 3. Commercial “states”
  • the social network as it is presently constituted is not a serious tool for substantive social change. It is concentrated, centralized and controlled
  • n the democratic context, it is similarly a way to vent, and perhaps organize, but as of yet not much more. However, if you are selling widgets, the social network looks more promising.
  • Who is Social Media Really Working For?
  • donnamariee on 20 Mar 13
     
    "WHO IS SOCIAL MEDIA REALLY WORKING FOR?" - essay theme
petra funtek

EBSCOhost: Internet Piracy as a Hobby: What Happens When the Brazilian Jeitinho Meets ... - 2 views

ehis.ebscohost.com.nukweb.nuk.uni-lj.si/...detail

shared by petra funtek on 11 Apr 13 - No Cached
  • Downloading?
  • Internet Piracy as a Hobby: What Happens When the Brazilian Jeitinho Meets Television
  • This paper explores the Brazilian cultural practices of illegal downloading of American television programs. Through research on television show forums, fandom websites, fan communities in the social networking website Orkut, the networks' homepages and literature review, piracy is shown to be related to cultural practices and an inadequate broadcasting system. It seems Brazilian fans persist in breaking the law when downloading television shows from unauthorized sources, regardless of the severe legal penalties to transgressors. They use a popular 'problem-solving strategy' (Duarte, 2006) called jeitinho brasileiro to respond to the delay or unavailability of U.S. programming on Brazilian cable and free to air television. The jeitinho brasileiro is exemplified by the fans having organized systems for file sharing of the episodes in Orkut fan communities. The study looks at a group of fans named legenders, who produce subtitles for the downloaded shows as a hobby, also despite of the Brazilian legislation on intellectual property protection. Furthermore, the paper explains why Brazilians who download television shows do not respect the law in reference to cultural, economic and political contexts. It concludes with the idea that the broadcasting industry must update and adapt its television programming distribution system, taking into account the particular context of each country, such as in Brazil.
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