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James Linzel

Good news on ozone, bad news on greenhouse gases | Ars Technica - 0 views

arstechnica.com/...-bad-news-on-greenhouse-gasses

shared by James Linzel on 13 Sep 14 - No Cached
  • James Linzel on 13 Sep 14
     
    " Good news on ozone, bad news on greenhouse gases The ozone layer is on track for recovery even as carbon emissions boom. by John Timmer - Sept 13 2014, 2:10am CST ShareTweet 42 The Montreal Protocol, created in response to the decline in the Earth's ozone layer, called for a world-wide phase out in the production of chemicals that were responsible for the ozone's decline. It is perhaps the greatest global environmental achievement to date. And, this week, the World Meteorological Organization and the United Nations Environmental Program announced it was working. Unfortunately, this week also saw the WMO release its annual greenhouse gas bulletin, and here the news was nowhere near as promising, as emissions returned to levels not seen since the 1980s. First, the good news. In the 2014 version of the Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion, the WMO finds that the atmospheric concentrations of most of the chemicals covered by the Montreal Protocol are in decline. The exceptions are hydrochlorofluorocarbons, which are used in refrigeration, and halon, used in fire suppression. The WMO also noted that there must be some unidentified source of carbon tetrachloride to explain its persistence in the atmosphere."
James Linzel

IPCC finally weighs in on how to avoid further climate change | Ars Technica - 0 views

arstechnica.com/...o-avoid-further-climate-change

shared by James Linzel on 15 Apr 14 - No Cached
  • growth is accelerating.
  • from 1970-2000 was about 0.4 billion tons more each year
  • three-quarters of these emissions come from fossil fuels
  • ...9 more annotations...
  • rest come from things like deforestation, livestock production, and industrial pollutants.
  • much is due to economic growth and the rising use of coal in places like China.
  • population growth
  • Combining all anthropogenic climate forcings—including greenhouse gases, land use changes, and sunlight-reflecting aerosol particles—gives a net result equal to a CO2 concentration of around 430 parts-per-million
  • it must come back down to 450 parts-per-million by the end of the century
  • it’s clear that low-carbon options like renewables, nuclear energy, and fossil fuels with carbon capture will need to account for more than three-quarters of all electrical generation by 2050 if we’re going to meet that two degree Celsius target
  • Despite strong urban growth in many places, energy use in buildings could level off or decrease by the middle of this century if the right choices are made in terms of efficiency
  • long-lasting infrastructure we put in place now can determine, to a large degree, how much energy residents of a city will need to use
  • And while we’ve made some progress on deforestation, there’s potential there as well—forests and agricultural lands could be pulling CO2 out of the atmosphere, rather than releasing more, by the end of the century
James Linzel

Caveman to Chemist Projects: Potash - 0 views

cavemanchemistry.com/...potash

potash potassium carbonate

shared by James Linzel on 15 Sep 14 - No Cached
  • As the evaporation continues, the substances present are deposited in reverse order to their solubilibies. Finally, the most soluble substances present are deposited as the uppermost stratum as the sea gives up the last of its moisture. The substances deposited depend on what was present in the original sea, and the order in which they are deposited depends on their relative solubilities
  • For solids, however, we turn to recrystalization as our primary purification technique.
  • James Linzel on 15 Sep 14
     
    "Solvay"
Jason Dillon

Exxon's Never-Ending Big Dig - BillMoyers.com - 0 views

billmoyers.com/...exxons-never-ending-big-dig

shared by Jason Dillon on 20 Feb 16 - No Cached
  • The deepest problem is Exxon’s business plan. The company spends huge amounts of money searching for new hydrocarbons. Given the recent plunge in oil prices, its capital spending and exploration budget was indeed cut by 12 percent in 2015 to $34 billion, and another 25 percent in 2016 to $23.2 billion. In 2015, that meant Exxon was spending $63 million a day “as it continues to bring new projects on line.” They are still spending a cool $1.57 billion a year looking for new sources of hydrocarbons — $4 million a day, every day.
  • That’s why it’s wildly irresponsible for a company to be leading the world in oil exploration when, as scientists have carefully explained, we already have access to four or five times as much carbon in the Earth as we can safely burn.
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