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Turning Points:
1. Slavery as human trafficking origin, since humans were bought and sold for their labor
2. Collapse of the Berlin Wall in Germany led to increased of sex trafficking because of disorganization and lack of structure where organized crime emerged (Russian Mafia)
3. The Coalition to Abolish Slavery and Trafficking (CAST) was one of the first organizations in the United States to concentrate on anti trafficking.
4. CAST opened the first and only shelter in the United States exclusively for survivors of trafficking with funding from the Office for Victims of Crime in 2004
5. Polaris Project advocates for stronger laws against human trafficking
6. 2000 U.S adopted Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, aka Palermo Convention as the main international instrument in the fight against transnational organized crime

Efforts
* "Don't be Fooled campaign" is designed to educate and encourage vigilence against human trafficking in North Carolina, Georgia, Florida, and Washington D.C
* Polaris Project advocates for stronger laws against human trafficking
* CAST provides social services, legal services, and training and advocacy. They have helped over 200 victims of trafficking
* They help to build cases against traffics and slaveholders, and to educate both officials and the public by working with the police, national, state, and local governments
* Under Bush administration, fighting sex slavery with 100 million year spent
* Protect Act of 2003- protecting children
* Recent initiative to combat this crime has been sponsored by the FBI Crimes Against Children Division in conjunction with CEOS and with the NationalCenter for Missing and Exploited Children.
Evolution
* Human trafficking (modern day slavery) evolved from original slave trade
* In the decade since the United States enacted its Trafficking Victims Protection Act and the global community adopted its own standards, 116 countries have enacted legislation to prohibit human trafficking
* Bush's Justice Department started a campaign against a new bill that would strengthen the government's anti-human trafficking efforts. In a 13-page letter last year, the department blasted almost every provision in the new bill that would reasonably expand American anti-slavery efforts.
* 1980-1989 2,537 records on human trafficking (proquest)
* 1990-1999 10,341 records on human trafficking(proquest)
* 2000-2009 44,366 records on human trafficking(proquest)

-"A public awareness campaign designed to educate citizens and encourage vigilance to combat human trafficking within local communities will begin Monday, with U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) asking the public to join the fight against"this form of modern-day slavery." -began July 2011 -campaign known as "Don't be Fooled" -Polaris Project advocates for stronger laws against human trafficking