Scott Karp’s blog post about how he’s lost his capacity to read books can be found here, and Bruce Friedman’s post can be found here. Both Karp and Friedman believe that what they’ve gained from the Internet outweighs what they’ve lost.

study of the behavior of online researchers is here.

Maryanne Wolf’s fascinating Proust and the Squid: The Story and Science of the Reading Brain

I found the story of Friedrich Nietzsche’s typewriter in J. C. Nyíri's essay Thinking with a Word Processor as well as Friedrich A. Kittler’s winningly idiosyncratic Gramophone, Film, Typewriter and Darren Wershler-Henry’s history of the typewriter, The Iron Whim.

Lewis Mumford discusses the impact of the mechanical clock in his 1934 Technics and Civilization.

Mumford’s later two-volume study The Myth of the Machine.

Weizenbaum’s Computer Power and Human Reason

Alan Turing's 1936 paper on the universal computer was titled On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem.

Neil Postman's translation of the excerpt from Plato's Phaedrus, which can be found at the start of Technopoly: The Surrender of Culture to Technology.

Richard Foreman's "pancake people" essay was originally distributed to members of the audience for Foreman's play The Gods Are Pounding My Head. It was reprinted in Edge. I first noted the essay in my 2005 blog post Beyond Google and Evil.