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weak initial response to infection with the H1N1 flu strain.

"There was a massive infiltration of immune cells to the lungs and a massive inflammatory response, which led to bleeding and damage in the lung," Hamilton said.

esearchers exposed pregnant mice either to clean water or to water contaminated with 100 ppb of inorganic arsenic; after birth, the pups were given the same type of drinking water as their mothers. A week after birth, some of the pups were deliberately exposed to H3N1 influenza.

"This is a great study that advances the field,"

"We would like to combine arsenic exposure with repeated bacterial and viral infections to model the development of bronchiectasis throughout life," researcher Kathryn Ramsey said.

arsenic plays so much havoc with the immune system is its large-scale disruption of numerous hormone pathways.