This website, mantained by Catherine Lavender, Department of History, College of Staten Island, includues sections on liberty rhetoric during the revolutionary period, during the textile mill strikes by women during 1834 and 1836, and during the formulation of the Declaration of Sentiments in 1848
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The Civil War and Reconstruction - 1850 -1861
Discover how the issue of slavery came to dominate American politics, and how political leaders struggled and failed to resolve the growing crisis in the nation.
A House Divided: The Road to Civil War, 1850-1861 is a course that begins by examining how generations of historians have explained the crisis of the Union. After discussing the institution of slavery and its central role in the southern and national economies, it turns to an account of the political and social history of the 1850s. It traces how the issue of the expansion of slavery came to dominate national politics, and how political leaders struggled, unsuccessfully, to resolve the growing crisis. We will examine the impact of key events such as Bleeding Kansas, the Dred Scott decision, the Lincoln-Douglas debates, and John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry, and end with the dissolution of the Union in the winter of 1860-61.
This course is part of the series, The Civil War and Reconstruction, which introduces students to the most pivotal era in American history. The Civil War transformed the nation by eliminating the threat of secession and destroying the institution of slavery. It raised questions that remain central to our understanding of ourselves as a people and a nation - the balance of power between local and national authority, the boundaries of citizenship, and the meanings of freedom and equality. The series will examine the causes of the war, the road to secession, the conduct of the Civil War, the coming of emancipation, and the struggle after the war to breathe meaning into the promise of freedom for four million emancipated slaves. One theme throughout the series is what might be called the politics of history - how the world in which a historian lives affects his or her view of the past, and how historical interpretations reinforce or challenge the social order of the present.
Eric Foner, DeWitt Clinton Professor o
Slavoj Žižek visitou a Liberty Plaza, em Nova Iorque, para falar ao acampamento de manifestantes do movimento Occupy Wall Street (Ocupe Wall Street), que vem protestando contra a crise financeira e o poder econômico norte-americano desde o início de setembro deste ano.
"The New Laws of the Indies, 1542
The Laws and ordinances newly made by His Majesty for the
government of the Indies and good treatment and preservation of the Indians
created a set of pro-Indian laws - so pro-Indian that they some had to be
revoked in Mexico and in Peru due to settler opposition. where the viceroy was
killed when he attempted to enforce them.
The conflict was between "feudalists" who favored the
encomienda system because it maintained society as in the Old World, and the
more centralizing "regalists" who wanted to preserve royal power in Spain;s new
Empire. Eventually the encomienda was allowed to continue.
Charles by the divine clemency Emperor ever august, King of
Germany. . . . To the Most Illustrious Prince Don Philip our very dear and very
beloved grandson and son, and to the Infantes our grandsons and sons, and to the
President, and those of our Council of the Indies, and to our Viceroys,
Presidents and Auditors of our Audiencias and royal Chanceries of our said
Indies, Islands and Continent of the Ocean Sea; to our Governors, Alcaldes
mayores and our other Authorities thereof, and to all the Councils, magistrates,
regidores, knights, esquires, officers, and commoners of all the cities, towns,
and villages of our said Indies, Islands, and Tierra-firme of the Ocean Sea,
discovered and to be discovered; and to any other persons, captains,
discoverers, settlers, and inhabitants dwelling in and being natives thereof, of
whatever state, quality, condition and pre-eminence they may be. . . .
Know ye, That having for many years had will and intention
as leisure to occupy ourselves with the affairs of the Indies, on account of
their great importance, as well in that touching the service of God our Lord and
increase of his holy Catholic faith, as in the preservation of the natives of
those parts, and the good government and preservation of their persons; and
although we have endeavoured