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Diaphragm pumps are positive displacement pumps that use a flexible diaphragm to displace a fluid volume. They're used to move fluids with viscous materials or solid particles because they can move the fluids without causing damage to the pump. Almost all major industries use diaphragm pumps to move concrete, acid, and abrasive fluids. Diaphragm pumps use power sources like air pressure, mechanical means, and electricity. One industry that relies heavily on diaphragm pump operation is the pharmaceutical industry. The diaphragm pump is suitable for the pharmaceutical industry because it can handle a variety of fluids and provide a gentle flow. This article discusses the various uses of diaphragm pumps in the pharmaceutical industry and how they have revolutionized it. 1. Filling Vials Filling vials with liquid medication is a task that has to be accurate and concise. Diaphragm pumps can dispense a precise amount of drugs into a vial. The pump provides an exact flow rate, ensuring each vial has the correct medication dosage. Diaphragm pumps reduce the risk of medication errors.

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) or sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are usually acquired through sexual contact. The organisms (viruses, bacteria, or parasites) that cause STIs may pass from person to person in semen, vaginal fluids, blood, or other bodily fluids.

A new study has shown that Covid-19 can spread between unmasked people at a distance of more than two metres even outdoors. A team of engineers from the University of Cambridge used computer modelling to quantify how droplets spread when people cough. They found that the two-metre rule was arbitrary and that social distancing alone was not enough to stop the spread of the virus. The team also found that individual coughs vary widely, and that the 'safe' distance could have been set at anywhere between one to three or more metres. The results, published in the journal Physics of Fluids, suggest that social distancing is not an effective mitigation measure on its own, and underline the importance of vaccination, ventilation and masks.

The Department of Health and Social Care (DHSC) has issued a medicine supply notification for Dioralyte oral rehydration sachets. "Dioralyte oral rehydration sachets are expected to be in limited supply until late December 2022. St Mark's solution is available as an unlicensed special and can support an uplift in demand," said DHSC. "Kidderminster formula is available as an unlicensed special and can support a partial uplift in demand. As an alternative to the unlicensed specials, the individual components can be purchased from community pharmacies and supermarkets or prescribed, but there have been intermittent supply issues with glucose powder." Diluted apple juice has been reported to be a potential alternative to electrolyte maintenance fluids in children with mild gastroenteritis and minimal dehydration. If there is currently no listing on dm+d for the imported product for prescribers to select using their prescribing systems an EPS prescription for unlicensed St Mark's solution cannot be issued.

Dry eye syndrome is incredibly common and prevalence is increasing globally. Studies show that prevalence rates vary from five to 50 per cent but can be as high as 75 per cent in people over the age of 40, in people who wear contact lenses and those who work with computers. It is more common in women than in men, particularly during and after the menopause. According to a new real-world research commissioned by world experts in eye-care, Rohto, more than eight in ten women (83 per cent) indicate that they suffer from the condition, but only once they have had the symptoms of dry eye syndrome described to them. Without detailed explanation, 56 per cent of people say they have never even heard of dry eye syndrome, showing just how under diagnosed it may be. Causes of dry eye Dry eyes are a clinical cause of eye irritation, fatigue, and discomfort, often causing feelings of itchiness, grittiness, and excess watering. If left untreated, dry eyes can even lead to long-term damage and sight problems. Dry eyes may occur if enough tears aren't produced if poor-quality tears are generated or if the tears evaporate from the surface of the eye too quickly. This leads to poor lubrication of the tear film. In a normal eye, the tear film4- the multilayer moist protective film - covers the cornea and lubricates the eye. However, if the lubricative process is faulty dry spots appear on the surface of the eye and this causes irritation and discomfort. The tear film has several layers: fatty oils, aqueous fluid, and mucus. This combination normally keeps the surface of your eyes lubricated, smooth and clear. But problems with any of these layers can cause dry eyes.

A successful kidney transplant allows the transplanted kidney to take over the vital functions of filtering waste products and excess fluid from the blood.

The summer sun can be tough on your skin, but following these amazing tips will help keep your skin healthy all season long! Drink plenty of water to stay hydrated, wear sunscreen religiously, and don't forget to exfoliate regularly to slough away dead skin cells. If you start to experience any skin problems, consult a dermatologist immediately. With these tips, you'll have gorgeous, healthy skin all summer long! 1. DRINK PLENTY OF WATER Staying hydrated is crucial for healthy skin, especially during the summer when the weather is hot and humid. Drink at least eight glasses of water per day to keep your skin looking its best. We spoke with For Care Education and Research and they said that water is the primary nutrient that helps all organs in the body function. Drinking enough water each day is essential to maintaining healthy skin. Additionally, be sure to avoid dehydration by drinking sports drinks or juices when participating in outdoor activities. It's important to replace the fluids and electrolytes your body is losing when you sweat. 2. WEAR SUNSCREEN You should be wearing sunscreen every day, regardless of the season, but it's especially important during the summer. The sun's rays are strongest then and can do serious damage to your skin if you're not careful. Look for a sunscreen with an SPF of at least 30 that provides broad-spectrum protection from both UVA and UVB rays. Apply it generously to all exposed areas of skin, including your face, neck, chest, and hands. Reapply every two hours or more often if you're sweating or swimming. This will help protect your skin from premature aging, sunburns, and other harmful effects of the sun.