Harwood AP CHEM Project

The human health effects of phthalates are not yet fully known but are being studied by several government agencies, including the Food and Drug Administration, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, and the National Toxicology Program's Center for the Evaluation of Risks to Human Reproduction. 

Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate is listed as "reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen" in the Twelfth Report on Carcinogens published by the National Toxicology Program. 

hthalates are a group of chemicals used to make plastics more flexible and harder to break.

Once phthalates enter a person's body, they are converted into breakdown products (metabolites) that pass out quickly in urine.

generated more energy from fusion reactions than they put into the nuclear fuel,

The ultimate goal – to produce more energy than the whole experiment consumes – remains a long way off

with zero carbon emissions during operation and minimal waste

Antimony compounds are used to make flame-proofing materials, paints, ceramic enamels, glass and pottery

Human exposure to antimony can take place

by skin contact

It works by forcing together two types, or isotopes, of hydrogen

Provence in southern France

emand is expected to double by 2050, while the share coming from fossil fuels – currently 85%

he central nervous system (CNS) is the primary target organ for toluene toxicity in both humans and animals for acute (short-term) and chronic (long-term) exposures.

narcosis have been frequently observed in humans acutely exposed to low or moderate levels of toluene by inhalation;

Cardiac arrhythmia

searching for a less toxic chemical to use as a new refrigerant.

They do not fit through tight spaces and they do not have penetrating power.

More things are capable of absorbing microwaves

casein

ce in the human body, mercury acts as a neurotoxin, interfering with the brain and nervous system.

s brain is still developing and rapidly absorbing nutrients. Ev

arly hazard

They're large molecules called polymers, which are composed of repeating units of shorter carbon-containing compounds called monomers

Most plastic is chemically

it doesn't decay. Therefore, plastic disposal poses a difficult and significant environmental problem

sure that drugs marketed in this country are safe and effective. CDER does not test drugs, although the Center's Office of Testing and Research does conduct limited research in the areas of drug quality, safety, and effectiveness.CDER is the largest of FDA's five centers.   It has responsibility for both prescription and nonprescription or over-the-counter (OTC) drugs. For more information on CDER activities, including performance of drug reviews,  post-marketing risk assessment, and other highlights, please see the CDER Update: Improving Public Health Through Human Drugs1 The other four FDA centers have responsibility for medical and radiological devices, food, and cosmetics, biologics, and veterinary drugs. Some companies submit a new drug application (NDA) to introduce a new drug product into the U.S. Market.  It is the responsibility of the company seeking to market a drug to test it and submit evidence that it is safe and effective. A team of CDER physicians, statisticians, chemists, pharmacologists, and other scientists reviews the sponsor's NDA containing the data and proposed labeling2. 

In children, lead poisoning can cause: damage to the brain and nervous system behavioral problems anemia liver and kidney damage hearing loss hyperactivity developmental delays in extreme cases, death Although the effects of lead exposure are a potential concern for all humans, young children (less than seven years old) are most at risk (Reagan and Silbergeld, 1989). This increased vulnerability results from a combination of the following factors:

Children Even low levels of lead in the blood of children can result in: Behavior and learning problems Lower IQ and Hyperactivity Slowed growth Hearing Problems Anemia In rare cases, ingestion of lead can cause seizures, coma and even death.

The adult human brain is estimated to contain from 1014 to 5 × 1014 (100–500 trillion) synapses. Every cubic millimeter of cerebral cortex contains roughly a billion of them.

Neurotransmitters are formed in a presynaptic neuron and stored in small membrane-bound sacks, called vesicles , inside this neuron. When this neuron is activated, these intracellular vesicles fuse with the cell membrane and release their contents into the synapse, a process called exocytosis.