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That is, agency-side audience networks are leveraging the targeting data in which pu

lishers have invested to target and segment audiences across the web.

Question 1: Who owns data?

By David Harley, Pierre-Marc Bureau and Andrew Lee Apple's customer-base has rejoined the rest of the user community on the firing line. This paper will compare the view from Apple and the community as a whole with the view from the anti-virus labs of the actual threat landscape.

By David Harley This 1997 paper reviews the shared history of viruses and the Mac, summarizes the 1997 threatscape, and considers possibilities and strategies for the future. It's been made available for historical interest because so many people asked about it at EICAR 2010. First published in Virus Bulletin 1997 Conference Proceedings.*

By Craig Johnston and David Harley This paper looks at the ethical, political and practical issues around the use of "policeware", when law enforcement and other legitimate agencies use "cybersurveillance" techniques based on software that resembles some forms of malware in its modus operandi.

As digital books continue to gain market share, one of the country's oldest mass-paperback publishers is abandoning its traditional print books and making its titles available in digital format and print-on-demand only.

Magazines have long used focus groups to tailor their package. New Scientist took another route for its latest issue, testing whether neuromarketing, which examines the brain’s response to products and brands, could help make the magazine more appealing.

The subjects’ reactions were then analyzed by NeuroFocus, a company with headquarters in Berkeley, Calif., which then rated the results on a scale of 1 to 10, based on factors like memory activation and emotional engagement.

“The human brain loves to solve simple puzzles,” he said. “Anytime something is concealed and revealed, the brain rushes toward it.”

The role of Learning Management Systems has changed dramatically over the last ten years. The first higher education learning management systems were places for professors to place materials and students to submit assignments. These were different from Content Management Systems, which allowed learners to follow a learning path through a course, grading systems, which kept track of grades, enrollment systems, which allowed students to enroll in classes, student accounting systems, which tracked payments and expenses, data warehouses, which allow analysts to mine the various systems for actionable trends, and all the other myriad systems that schools use to run their academics and operations.

Today, in both K12 and postsecondary, there is a growing need to integrate these systems. In higher education, schools have tried to patch together brittle middleware applications to bridge the various systems. This has not been an issue yet for K12, because of low penetration of the LMS into public schools. But federal calls for increased use of data, and the need to handle more students and show better results, with decreased resources will likely hasten the introduction of the LMS in elementary and secondary schools.

as the third or fourth place word processor. Excel was the second most popular spreadsheet. Forefront was selling the second most popular presentation program, called PowerPoint. Microsoft bought Forefront, and then integrated the three applications into one bundle, MS Office, which has controlled the desktop word processing, spreadsheet, and presentation market for over 15 years.