The Rcmdr program enables analysts to access a selection of commonly-used R commands using a simple interface that should be familiar to most computer users
A number of plugins are available that provide direct access to R packages through the Rcmdr interface
There are currently 29 Plugins that provide support for specific analyses, graphics, books and teaching.
Anualmente se celebra un encuentro para los usuarios que utilizan el lenguaje R. Entre los últimos destinos en los que se han celebrado las reuniones, podemos destacar Rennes, Tennessee o Albacete.
R is an interpreted language; users typically access it through a command-line interpreter.
R's data structures include scalars, vectors, matrices, data frames (similar to tables in a relational database) and lists.
R's extensible object-system includes objects for (among others): regression models, time-series and geo-spatial coordinates.
Although mostly used by statisticians and other practitioners requiring an environment for statistical computation and software development, R can also operate as a general matrix calculation toolbox - with performance benchmarks comparable to GNU Octave or MATLAB.
"useR!" is the name given to the official annual gathering of R users.
Here is the list of useR! conference:
useR! 2004, Vienna, Austria
useR! 2006, Vienna, Austria
useR! 2007, Ames, Iowa, USA
useR! 2008, Dortmund, Germany
useR! 2009, Rennes, France
useR! 2010, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
useR! 2011, Coventry, United Kingdom
useR! 2012, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
useR! 2013, Albacete, Spain
R es un lenguaje basado en el uso de línea de comandos. Soporta matrices, escalares y vectores además de operar estadísticamente. Su cálculo en el ámbito de matrices es comparable a otros softwares como pueden ser Matlab o GNU Octave.
Hemos elegido consultar la información general sobre R en la versión en inglés de Wikipedia, ya que nos parecía más completa y elaborada.
En primer lugar se enumeran las capacidades principales de este lenguaje y algunos de sus principales usos. También se destaca el hecho de que es 'GNU project' y que está disponible bajo licencia GPL.
A pesar de ser un lenguaje que utiliza la linea de comandos, se descaca que existen diversas interfaces gráficas para facilitar su uso. En un apartado posterior se enumeran algunas de las principales versiones de estas interfaces. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R_(programming_language)#Graphical_user_interfaces
Se destaca en varios de los apartados del artículo la enorme versatilidad y capacidad de adaptación a distintos campos que posee este lenguaje debido a la gran cantidad de paquetes y extensiones que soporta.
También se indica que debido a su herencia del lenguaje S, está más dirigido a la programación orientada a objetos que la mayoria de lenguajes estadísticos.
Finalmente se destaca el uso comercial que se le ha dado a este lenguaje, y encontramos ejemplos como el de Oracle y el de Revolution Analytics.
el lenguaje de programación R, es un lenguaje con el los elementos gráficos y los algoritmos se relacionan perfectamente, esto hace que sea un lenguaje bastante intuitivo y muy útil a nivel práctico.
The R programming language is a populair and easy to use
programming langauge used on combination with R commander. R provides a lot of
statistical and graphical functions and it is highly extensible. The best thing
about R is that it is easy to plot high quality graphics.
R is mostly used by statisticians and other practitioners requiring an environment for statistical computation and software development, it can also be used as a general matrix calculation
Pese a que se requieren conocimientos previos, es de fácil aprendizaje, y por otro lado, tiene diversas aplicaciones estadísticas
R is an interpreted language typically used through a command line interpreter. If one types "2+2" at the command prompt and presses enter, the computer replies with "4".
Esta referencia nos muestra en qué consiste el Lenguaje de Programación R y para qué se dedica especialmente. Además, forma parte del proyecto GNU y es código abierto (libre)
Esta referencia nos muestra en qué consiste el Lenguaje de Programación R y para qué se dedica especialmente. Además, forma parte del proyecto GNU y es código abierto (libre)
Esta referencia nos muestra en qué consiste el Lenguaje de Programación R y para qué se dedica especialmente. Además, forma parte del proyecto GNU y es código abierto (libre)
R describe it
as a supercharged
version of
Microsoft’s Excel
R describe it
as a supercharged
version of
R describe it
as a supercharged
version of
Microsoft’s Excel
R describe it
as a supercharged
version of
Microsoft’s Excel
R describe it
as a supercharged
version of
Microsoft’s Excel
is particularly useful because it contains a number of built-in mechanisms for
organizing data, running calculations on the information and creating graphical
representations of data sets.
familiar
familiar
It allows statisticians to do very intricate and complicated analyses without
knowing the blood and guts of computing systems.”
It is also free.
R is an open-source program, and its popularity reflects a shift in the type of
software used inside corporations
R describe it
as a supercharged
version of Microsoft’s Excel
R is similar to other programming languages, like C, Java and Perl, in that it
helps people perform a wide variety of computing tasks by giving them access to
various commands.
Excel
Microsoft’s
version
supercharged
Some people familiar with R describe it
familiar
Mr. Gentleman is applying R-based software, called Bioconductor, in work he is
doing on computational biology at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in
Seattle.
The popularity of R at universities could threaten SAS Institute, the privately
held business software company that specializes in data analysis software. SAS,
with more than $2 billion in annual revenue, has been the preferred tool of
scholars and corporate managers.
Google, for example, taps R for help understanding trends in ad pricing and for
illuminating patterns in the search data it collects.
Pfizer has created customized packages for R to let its scientists manipulate
their own data during nonclinical drug studies rather than send the information
off to a statistician.
R first appeared in 1996, when the statistics professors Ross Ihaka and
Robert Gentleman of the University of Auckland in New Zealand released the code
as a free software package.
Artículo en NYTimes que habla de la creciente implantación del lenguaje de programación R en el ámbito empresarial. Explica como cada vez más, grandes empresas como Google empiezan a emplear este lenguaje de programación para todo tipo de propósitos (investigación comercial, data mining…).
El lenguaje de programación R ha cautivado a gran parte de los analistas de datos debido a su potencial en el ámbito de la estadística especialmente. También es usado por grandes empresas como Google o Bank of America y por estadistas y científicos.
Se trata de un artículo del New York Times en el que describe la historia del lenguaje y diferentes empresas que lo utilizan y los usos que le dan, como Google y Pfizer.
R is a system for statistical computation and graphics. It
provides, among other things, a programming language, high level
graphics, interfaces to other languages and debugging facilities.
The R language is a dialect of S which was designed in the 1980s
was awarded the 1998 ACM
Software Systems Award for S.
The language syntax has a superficial similarity with C, but the
semantics are
variety with
stronger affinities with Lisp and APL.
It is possible to get quite far using R interactively, executing
simple expressions from the command line.
Some users may never need to
go beyond that level
The design of the language contains a number of fine points and
common pitfalls which may surprise the user.
In
some cases, there are multiple ways of performing a task, but some of
the techniques will rely on the language implementation, and others work
at a higher level of abstraction. In such cases we shall indicate the
preferred usage.
R
does not provide direct access to the computer's memory but rather
provides a number of specialized data structures we will refer to as
objects.
In R, however, the
symbols are themselves objects and can be manipulated in the same way as
any other object. This is different from many other languages and has
wide ranging effects.
This is an introduction to the R language, explaining evaluation,
parsing, object oriented programming, computing on the language, and so
forth.
En esta pagina se entiende el lenguaje R como un dialecto de S. Este lenguaje R sirve tanto para programacion, como para crear graficas de alto nivel de dificultad...
Tambien nos da una breve explicacion sobre algunos de los comandos usados para R tanto como parte de la gramatica del lenguaje mismo.
R es al mismo tiempo un programa y un lenguaje de programación, funciona por comandos, dispone de una biblioteca de estadísticas muy amplia y se le pueden añadir más por el sistema de "packages".
Es un lenguaje objeto, su estructura de base es el vector.
Lo que se pretende con este lenguaje es programar técnicas, estadísticas, analisis de datos y "data mining"
Il dispose d'une bibliothèque très large de fonctions statistiques
Il fonctionne sous la forme d'un interpréteur de
commandes.
R est à la fois un logiciel de statistique et un langage de programmation.
'il est possible d'en intégrer de nouvelles par le
système des "packages"
c'est un langage objet, la
structure de base est le vecteur, une bibliothèque très riche de
fonctions permettant de manipuler ces structures sont disponibles.
la plupart des
illustrations consisteront à programmer des techniques statistiques, d'analyse
de données et de data mining.
En esta página se señala dónde es necesario utiizar el lenguaje R (compañías que requieran recoger mucha información y analizarla). Se pone por ejemplo la empresa revolution Analytics, que se dedica a crear nuevas herramientas para los usuarios de este lenguaje de programación, en un intento de llegar a más gente y expandir su uso.
"Today, R is memory-bound and cannot handle large data sets," Smith said. "So we'll be bringing out in the near future a solution for handling massive datasets in the terabyte and petabyte range."
Se espera de R, en un futuo, que sea capaz de manejas cantidades ingentes de datos, del orden de Terabytes y Petabytes
Revolution Analytics is also working on R usability. Smith noted that R, to date, has been a command-line-driven language, which has represented a challenge for some mainstream enterprise users."So we'll be rolling out a modern, flexible and extensible thin client user interface that can bridge the gap between expert users and the more casual business analysts," Smith said.
Sin embargo, R no deja de ser un lenguaje de programación, ejecutado desde un terminal y se espera conseguir una interfaz más cercana al usuario común.
R is statistical software which is used for data analysis.
It includes a huge number of statistical procedures such as t-test, chi-square tests, standard linear models, instrumental variables estimation, local polynomial regressions, etc. It also provides high-level graphics
R is an object oriented programming language. This means that virtually everything can be stored as an R object. Each object has a class. This class describes what the object contains and what each function does with it. For instance, plot(x) produces different outputs depending on whether x is a regression object or a vecto
The assignment symbol is "<-". Alternatively, the classical "=" symbol can be used.
Arguments are passed to functions inside round brackets (parentheses).
One can easily combine functions. For instance you can directly type
The symbol "#" comments to the end of the line:
Commands are normally separated by a newline. If you want to put more than one statement on a line, you can use the ";" delimiter.
You can also have one statement on multiple lines.
R is case sensitive: a and A are two different objects.
Traditionally underscores "_" are not used in names. It is often better to use dots ".". One should avoid using an underscore as the first character of an object name.
Here are some things editors do to keep this book internally consistent. If you have something to contribute, go ahead and make your contribution. Other editors can touch up your edits afterwards so that they conform to the guidelines.
The local manual of style WB:LMOS for the R programming book, including a brief explanation of why we do it that way, is:
Examples use "source" tags : <source lang="rsplus"> a <- 1:10 ; mean(a) </source>. That makes them look pretty to our readers.
The name of packages are in bold : '''Hmisc'''.
Name of functions are in "code" tags: <code>lm()</code>.
Page titles -- the part after "R Programming/" -- are in sentence case, like "R Programming/Working with data frames". We couldn't decide between sentence case and title case, so I flipped a coin.
Every page has <noinclude>{{R Programming/Navigation}}</noinclude> at the top and {{R Programming/Navbar|Mathematics|Probability Distributions}} at the bottom. That makes it easier to navigate from one page to another online.
Aqui se exponen otras alternativas al lenguaje R. Y aconseja en la ultima parte cuales son los recomendados para cada nivel de dominio del lenguaje R
Beginners can have a look at GNU PSPP or Gretl. Intermediate users can check out Stata. Advanced users who like matrix programming may prefer MATLAB or Octave. Very advanced users may use C or Fortran.
R is an integrated suite of software facilities for data
manipulation, calculation and graphical display. Among other things it
has
an effective data handling and storage facility,
a suite of operators for calculations on arrays, in particular matrices,
a large, coherent, integrated collection of intermediate tools for data
analysis,
graphical facilities for data analysis and display either directly at
the computer or on hardcopy, and
a well developed, simple and effective programming language (called ‘S’)
which includes conditionals, loops, user defined recursive functions and
input and output facilities. (Indeed most of the system supplied
functions are themselves written in the S language.)
El entorno de R entre otras cosas nos permite el uso y almacenamiento eficaz de datos, así como su análisis en forma de matrices, un gran numero de herramientas graficas y un lenguaje claro y sencillo de programación en el que podemos encontrar un gran numero de funciones.
his section presumes the reader has some familiarity with statistical
methodology, in particular with regression analysis and the analysis of
variance. Later we make some rather more ambitious presumptions, namely
that something is known about generalized linear models and nonlinear
regression.
The requirements for fitting statistical models are sufficiently well
defined to make it possible to construct general tools that apply in a
broad spectrum of problems.
R provides an interlocking suite of facilities that make fitting
statistical models very simple. As we mention in the introduction, the
basic output is minimal, and one needs to ask for the details by calling
extractor functions.
When you use the R program it issues a prompt when it expects input
commands. The default prompt is ‘>’, which on UNIX might be
the same as the shell prompt, and so it may appear that nothing is
happening. However, as we shall see, it is easy to change to a
different R prompt if you wish. We will assume that the UNIX shell
prompt is ‘$’.
R can be regarded as an implementation of the S language which
was developed at Bell Laboratories by Rick Becker, John Chambers and
Allan Wilks, and also forms the basis of the S-Plus systems.
The evolution of the S language is characterized by four books by
John Chambers and coauthors. For R, the basic reference is The
New S Language: A Programming Environment for Data Analysis and
Graphics by Richard A. Becker, John M. Chambers and Allan R.
Wilks. The new features of the 1991 release of S
are covered in Statistical Models in S edited by John M.
Chambers and Trevor J. Hastie. The formal methods and classes of the
methods package are based on those described in Programming
with Data by John M. Chambers. See References, for precise
references.
There are now a number of books which describe how to use R for data
analysis and statistics, and documentation for S/S-Plus can
typically be used with R, keeping the differences between the S
implementations in mind. See What documentation exists for R?.
R (“GNU S”), a language and environment for
statistical computing and graphics. R is similar to the
award-winning1 S
system, which was developed at Bell Laboratories by John Chambers et al.
It provides a wide variety of statistical and graphical techniques
¿Que es R y de donde viene?
R nos lo presentan como un lenguaje y entorno que desciende del reconocido sistema S desarrollado por los laboratorios Bell, y que nos ofrece una serie de técnicas u herramientas para el análisis estadístico y gráfico