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John Kiff

Initial Margin Collected by Top 20 Firms Up by Nearly 20% in 2020, ISDA Margin Survey F... - 0 views

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    "ISDA has published its latest annual margin survey, which shows a substantial increase in the amount of initial margin (IM) and variation margin (VM) collected by the 20 largest market participants for their non-cleared derivatives trades last year."
John Kiff

Vanguard, State Street use blockchain for forex derivatives margins - 0 views

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    State Street Digital was involved in a transaction using Symbiont's Assembly enterprise blockchain to complete margin calculations for a live over the counter foreign exchange forward contract. This transaction marks its transition from pilot to production. By automating margin assessments, calculations can be made more regularly. If the movement of collateral used to support the margin requirements also happens automatically together, this can significantly reduce counterparty risks.
John Kiff

Japan clamps down on margin cryptocurrency trading - Nikkei Asian Review - 0 views

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    The Japanese cabinet approved draft amendments to the country's financial instruments and payment services laws, which would cap leverage in virtual currency margin trading at two to four times initial deposits. Also all cryptocurrency exchanges that offer margin trading will have to register with the FSA.
John Kiff

Funding Market Tremors: Today May Not Have Been "The Big One," But It Was Bad Enough - 0 views

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    Clearing/margining make markets more tightly coupled: the need to meet margin calls within hours increases the potential stress on the funding markets. Unlike in the pre-Frankendodd days, there is no "fuck you" option when your counterparty calls for margin. You don't pay, you are in default. This tight coupling makes the market more vulnerable to operational failings.
John Kiff

CFTC hits Kraken with $1.25M in fines over alleged illegal offering - 0 views

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    The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) ordered Kraken to pay $1.25 million dollars in civil monetary penalties for allegedly violating the Commodity Exchange Act. More specifically, Kraken is accused of failing to register as a futures commission merchant and llegally offering margined retail commodity transactions in digital assets. The CFTC's case alleges that Kraken "offered margined retail commodity transactions in digital assets" to ineligible U.S. customers from June 2020 to July 2021. Kraken has since changed its policy on margin trading, but until June 2021 customers needed to close or settle their positions within 28 days. https://www.cftc.gov/PressRoom/PressReleases/8433-21
John Kiff

Margin exchange threshold relief: get out of jail free? - 0 views

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    The 300 firms caught in the fifth wave of non-cleared margin rules in September 2020 have an avoidance tactic at their disposal in the form of a €50 million exchange threshold, but the relief requires 'diligent' monitoring of counterparty exposure amounts.
John Kiff

Binance API Seemingly Reveals Ongoing Margin Trading Implementation - 0 views

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    "Changes made to the public API of major cryptocurrency exchange Binance seemingly reveal that the company is working on implementing margin trading."
John Kiff

Binance Launches Platform '2.0' as Margin Trading Goes Live - - 0 views

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    Binance has launched version 2.0 of its platform - a move that officially adds margin trading for its customers. Binance indicated that maximum leverage (the amount that can be borrowed against a user's crypto collateral) is 3x.
John Kiff

Can Facebook Help Reduce the Cost of Remittances? - 0 views

  • Remittance Costs Can Facebook Help Reduce the Cost of Remittances? by Felix Richter,   Jun 20, 2019 Financial market in Africa Having successfully connected large parts of the world through its social media and messaging platforms, Facebook is now taking on a new project: creating a “more inclusive global financial system”. The world’s largest social media company introduced a new cryptocurrency named Libra this week, which will be run by the Libra Association, an independent, non-profit organization based in Geneva, Switzerland, whose founding members include companies such as Mastercard, Visa, eBay, Uber, Spotify, Vodafone and, of course, Facebook itself, among others. “Libra’s mission is to enable a simple global currency and financial infrastructure that empowers billions of people”, the currency’s mission statement reads, adding that despite all progress made in connectivity and access to information and services, “1.7 billion adults globally remain outside of the financial system with no access to a traditional bank” and that “access to financial services is limited or restricted for those who need it most — those impacted by cost, reliability, and the ability to seamlessly send money”. One of the most important areas that could be impacted by Libra is remittances, i.e. money transfers by m
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    One of the most important areas that could be impacted by Libra is remittances, i.e. money transfers by migrants to their families back home, which have proven to be a crucial driver of economic development. According to the World Bank, remittances to low- and middle-income countries reached a record high of $529 billion in 2018, with total remittances climbing to $689 billion. The problem being that sending money to people without access to a financial system, especially in regions most reliant on remittances such as Sub-Saharan Africa, is difficult and costly.
John Kiff

Yahoo Japan-Backed Exchange Launches Crypto-Yen Markets and Margin Trading - 0 views

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    Yahoo Japan's trading platform Taotao is open offering BTC and ETH trading while also providing users with margin trading available in litecoin (LTC), ripple (XRP) and bitcoin cash (BCH).
John Kiff

Losing Contact: The Impact of Contactless Payments on Cash Usage - 0 views

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    This study investigates whether contactless credit cards are an important contributor to the decline in cash transactions, based on Canadian panel data from 2010 to 2017. It shows that unobserved factors influence cash use, and these must be controlled for when estimating the impact of contactless credit cards on cash use. It also shows the different effects that contactless credit cards have on the choice to pay with cash (the extensive margin) and on how much cash is used (the intensive margin). The study finds that the use of contactless credit cards negatively influences how much cash is spent but not whether to pay in cash. Overall, the impact of contactless credit cards on the transactional demand for cash in Canada is small over the 2010-17 period, at about 3 percent. These results are in line with previous findings for Canada and elsewhere.
John Kiff

Derivatives' Disparities: Surveying the Bitcoin Perpetual Swap Market - 0 views

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    The bitcoin derivatives market is fragmented and contract terms differ dramatically across exchanges. The quality of documentation in the space varies. Perpetual swaps approximate the price of its underlying asset in close to real time. They are shifting away from bitcoin-margined inverse contracts, which have traditionally been dominant, toward USDT-margined linear contracts. Exchanges also vary in how they calculate indexes and funding payments. Perpetual swap volumes have decreased since the start of the year, but have recently surged in line with bitcoin's price activity. The lack of standardization in the derivatives market makes it difficult for traders to assess the degree of risk taken on indirectly via a position's index. Poorly constructed indexes can negatively impact users, especially during market dislocations and periods of volatility.
John Kiff

The Role of Binance in Bitcoin Volatility Transmission - 0 views

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    "We analyse high-frequency realised volatility dynamics and spillovers in the bitcoin market, focusing on two pairs: bitcoin against the US dollar (the main fiat-crypto pair) and trading bitcoin against tether (the main crypto-crypto pair). We find that the tether-margined perpetual contract on Binance is clearly the main source of volatility, continuously transmitting strong flows to all other instruments and receiving only a little volatility. Moreover, we find that (i) during US trading hours, traders pay more attention and are more reactive to prevailing market conditions when updating their expectations and (ii) the crypto market exhibits a higher interconnectedness when traditional Western stock markets are open. Our results highlight that regulators should not only consider spot exchanges offering bitcoin-fiat trading but also the tether-margined derivatives products available on most unregulated exchanges, most importantly Binance."
John Kiff

Sustaining digital payments growth is emerging markets - 0 views

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    According to McKinsey, digital payment transactions grew rapidly in emerging markets during the past two years, as the pandemic accelerated shifts to contactless payments and e-commerce. E-wallets proliferated, real-time account-to-account transfers took off, and industry players formed new partnerships to access capabilities and broaden their customer base. Some of the fastest growth occurred in Africa and Southeast Asia, where low banking penetration gives payments providers opportunities to capture untapped potential and reach underserved populations... Margins for digital payments providers are already wafer thin and are likely to be eroded further by competitive intensity and declining fees. In many cases, payments are more a means to cross-sell other products than a profit center in their own right. Some services, such as peer-to-peer (P2P) payments, are usually offered to users for free in most markets. In Brazil, for instance, Pix is pushing margins down by offering P2P payments for free and person-to-merchant (P2M) payments at low cost.
John Kiff

New Startup Will Replace Central Clearing and Rewrite Global Regulation on Margin - 0 views

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    Synswap is a blockchain driven platform designed to provide a better infrastructure to the OTC derivatives market by replacing a fragmented, costly and inefficient post-trade workflow with a simplified and streamlined process. The platform is a peer-to-peer network directly run by trading counterparties. Members simply need to contribute nodes,deploy Synswap software and smart contracts will automatically self-execute all post-trade processing steps of their trades. Key features include automatic matching, electronic confirmation, netting, portfolio compression and margin confirmation.
John Kiff

Overhaul Needed for BNPL as Losses Mount up to US$ 5.2 Billion in APAC - 0 views

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    Despite phenomenal growth, current buy now, pay later (BNPL) models are showing to be rather unprofitable. Quinlan and Associates estimates that in Asia-Pacific (APAC), the largest BNPL firms, including Australia's Afterpay and Japan's Paidy, are currently running average profit margins of -15% per annum (p.a.), while the more nascent players operating in emerging markets like the Philippines' Cashalo and Indonesia's Akulaku are suffering from profit margins of -100% p.a. According to the analysis, APAC BNPL providers are struggling to reach profitability as costs relating to sales, marketing, funding, staff, technology, and credit losses eat into all their profits. Losses are even more pronounced for emerging market BNPL providers because of their stronger focus on long tail, unbanked/underbanked consumers, leading to much larger credit losses and funding costs. Quinlan and Associates identified three key pathways for them to become commercially viable: optimization, vertical integration and expansion.
John Kiff

CFTC advisory subcommittee recommends tokenized margin collateral - 0 views

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    The Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) Global Markets Advisory Committee (GMAC), made up of industry participants, voted in favor (27-0) of three recommendations to adopt distributed ledger technology (DLT) and tokenized assets as collateral for margin. Committee members concluded that no changes to regulations, policies and procedures would be required. The proposals would need to be adopted by the full GMAC Committee and it's up to the CFTC to decide whether it proceeds. https://www.cftc.gov/media/11581/GMAC_DAM_UseofDLTasDerivativesCollateral_112124/download
John Kiff

The Proof-of-Stake Protocol and Run Risk - 0 views

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    The U.S. Treasury Office of Financial Research (OFR) published a paper that examines the scenarios that can increase run risk of crypto-assets, such as Ethereum (ETH), that use proof-of-stake (POW) protocols to validate transactions. It finds that while proof-of-work (POW) protocols are more energy intensive and less scalable, POS requires more capital, and a significant drop in a POS-based crypto-asset price may cause validators to exit their investments. Their exit may impair the tradability of the crypto asset, which in turn may cause more validators to exit, resembling a bank run. In the case of Ethereum, such an event would disrupt activity relying on the Ethereum network, including many crypto firms and DeFi networks. The authors also show that the use of margin only exacerbates this run risk during price declines. If a price decline is steep enough to cause a margin call for investors, those investors must either post additional collateral or sell crypto assets, which could further depress prices.
John Kiff

Eurex gets BaFin approval for DLT-based margin collateral via HQLAᵡ - 0 views

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    Eurex Clearing has received non-objection letter from the German Federal Financial Supervisory Authority (BaFin) for distributed ledger technology (DLT) supported collateral mobilization for its clients. The initiative is a collaboration with HQLAᵡ and Clearstream, with J.P. Morgan planning to participate as the pilot clearing member. The objective is to ensure that securities collateral can be accessed and utilized instantly to fulfil central counterparty (CCP) margin requirements, regardless of its physical location. https://www.hqla-x.com/post/eurex-clearing-collaborates-with-hqlax-on-digital-collateral-mobilization
John Kiff

Bitcoin price and its marginal cost of production: supporting evidence - 0 views

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    This study back-tests a marginal cost of production Bitcoin valuation model. The model, which JP Morgan uses for its valuation analysis, seems robust and challenges allegations that bitcoins are essentially worthless.
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