Capell, Richard. "Music & Letters." A Quarterly Publication 19.4 (1938): 375-90. JSTOR. Web. 18 Nov. 2010. Very detailed descriptions of Beethoven's physical characteristics as well as ones that are similar to his father are stated at the beginning of this article. The article is essentially a summary of Beethoven's musical compositions. To accompany the text, there are a few pictures of lines of his music. The author classifies the last years of Beethoven's life into 2 categories: heroically active and introspective. This article also describes how Beethoven felt immense pressure to make his music conform to the style of that time.

Franzen, C. "Syphilis in composers and musicians-Mozart, Beethoven, Paganini, Schubert, Schumann, Smetana." European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases 27.12 (2008): 1151-7. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 18 Nov. 2010. A short recap of Beethoven's life is summarized in this article. It then goes on to describe a number of the health problems he contracted. These include abdominal pains, hearing loss, and a form of syphilis called neurosyphilis, which may have been the cause of his hearing problems. The article also gives a brief synopsis of other composers such as Mozart and Paganini. It concludes by stating that Beethoven died from alcohol liver disease.

Kinderman, William. Beethoven. New York: Oxford University Press, 2009. Print. Essentially, this book goes through a timeline sequence of events in Beethoven's life. It discusses his various styles of music over the years. It also discusses his struggles, triumphs, and where the inspiration for his music came from. There are also a number of sections that cover specific compositions. At the end of the book, in the index, there is a list of Beethoven's compositions.

Murphy, Eliana. "Beethoven." American Music Teacher 58.5 (2009): 17-21. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 16 Nov. 2010. One of Beethoven's greatest joy in life other than composing music, was teaching. Beethoven greatly enjoyed passing down what he had been taught to his students. Beethoven was said to have had close relationships with the students he taught, even after he finished teaching them. Their lessons included composing music and/or piano lessons. When his students grew older, they passed down Beethoven's teachings to their students and so on.

Clark, Philip. "Beethoven 'Moonlight' Sonata." International Piano 3 (2010): 50-3. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 16 Nov. 2010 A comparison between Beethoven's editions of his "Moonlight" sonata is portrayed in this article. This sonata was composed in 1801 in C sharp minor. Beethoven's original name for the piece was "Almost a Fantasy." It also gives descriptions on more recent composers and the influence Beethoven had on their music, specifically through the "Moonlight" sonata. One composer, Wilhelm Kempff, is particularly mentioned because he was best-known for his Beethoven-like style of music.

Jonas, Oswald and Ludwig van Beethoven. "A Lesson with Beethoven by Correspondence." The Musical Quarterly 38.2 (1952): 215-21. JSTOR. Web. 16 Nov. 2010. This article begins with a small overview of Beethoven's work. The author also admires Beethoven for his incredible work and mentions the immense impact he has had on many composers, not only in the Romantic Era, but all composers. The author even calls Beethoven the "most universally admired composer." The true body of this article is, in essence, what the title says; it is "a lesson with Beethoven," where he has laid out pieces of his work and dissects it for the reader.

Lewis, Leonne. "Revisiting Beethoven's Piano Sonatas." Clavier Companion 2.6 (2010): 18-23. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 16 Nov. 2010. Throughout the article a great deal of information is provided about the influence and inspiration Beethoven has had on eager, young composers. It discusses the many sonatas he has composed. This article is a collection of critiques on Beethoven's work and compositions over the years. His compositions are critiqued by a number of well-known pianist scholars. Beethoven was a German composer, who lived from 1795-1822.

Rosen, Charles. "The Classical Style: Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven." 1 (1927): 379-512. Google Scholar Books. Web. 16 Nov. 2010. This article talks about Beethoven's transition from the post-Classical period into the Romantic Era. His influence on both periods is also greatly discussed. An overview of Beethoven's life as a child and his adult years is also mentioned. Beethoven's music style and the originality of his work are discussed. Mozart and Haydn, other composers of the Romantic Era, are critiqued in this article along with Beethoven.

Kinderman, William, and Philip Vandermeer. "Beethoven After Napoleon: Political Romanticism in the Late Works." Notes 61.4 (2005): 1010-3. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 15 Nov. 2010. "Beethoven After Napoleon: Political Romanticism in the Late Works" is about Beethoven's influence on Romanticism through important writers of this era. It discusses how certain writers of the time influenced Beethoven's music and work. It also touches on the many writers that he admired during this time. Much of the music Beethoven composed during this era, including one of his famous compositions, Fifth Symphony, was persuaded by Romantic authors. This article also discusses how much Beethoven's music was influenced by political events as well.

Prod'homme, J. G. and Martens, Frederick M. "Beethoven's Intellectual Education." The Musical Quarterly 13.2 (1927):169-82. JSTOR. Web. 15 Nov. 2010. "The Music Quarterly" is about the Romantic musician Beethoven. It specifically discusses his educational background. The article discribes how Beethoven was acutally not highly educated in many subject areas. Rather, Beethoven was educated in music and in playing various instruments such as the violin. His father and grandfather were responsible for giving Beethoven this vast amount of musical knowledge. At such a young age, Beethoven was able to play many instruments and read music.