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Maelani Parker

Parental Depression Affects 15 Million Kids - 0 views

www.webmd.com/...ession-affects-15-million-kids

wp2 children parents eng102 mcc depression divorce

shared by Maelani Parker on 09 Sep 12 - No Cached
  • Depressed pregnant women may be less likely to get prenatal care
  • Depressed moms may be less attentive or less able to respond in a healthy way to their babies' needs.
  • Parental depression has been linked to children's early signs of, or vulnerability to, having a more "difficult" temperament, including more negativity, less happiness, poorer social skills, more vulnerability to depression, more self blame, less self-worth, and a less effective response system to stress.
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  • Older children and teens may experience stress from a depressed parent
  • "Early in life, we worry most that somehow the fundamental bond between the mother and father and the infant may be weakened because of depression
  • "A little later on, when children are older, parents are vitally important in providing structure, order, encouragement, support, helping with school, helping with friendships, and those processes tend to be disrupted when a parent is depressed,"
  • depression in fathers also has an impact on their children
  • Maelani Parker on 09 Sep 12
     
    This article focuses on depression. Mothers who are depressed when they are pregnant have a hard time bonding with their children. This falls under the category of home environment and exposure.
Maelani Parker

Parents' Depression and Stress Leaves Lasting Mark on Children's DNA - The Daily Beast - 0 views

www.thedailybeast.com/...ng-mark-on-children-s-dna.html

wp2 children parents eng102 mcc stress divorce homeenvironment

shared by Maelani Parker on 09 Sep 12 - No Cached
  • maternal depression to children’s mental and physical illness as well as language and cognitive deficits
  • shown that when the parents’ marriage is riven by conflict children grow up to be emotionally insecure and have difficulty forming loving adult relationships
  • nd found that when parents are under significant stress their kids are more likely to have behavior problems, to have difficulty handling stress, and to be at greater risk for mental illness
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  • when parents are under emotional, financial, or other forms of stress, it can alter their children’s patterns of genetic activity at least through adolescence and perhaps longe
  • And since some of the altered genes shape brain development, the effects of parental stress might permanently wire themselves into children’s brain
  • Child abuse and even maternal depression, studies show, can do to people what neglectful rat mothers did to their pups: silence the stress-hormone receptor in the brain. In the brains of people who were abused as children and later took their own lives, the gene for the stress-hormone receptor is more likely to be “off” than it is in people who did not commit suicide or were not abused, found a 2009 study.
  • they found that mom’s high stress during the children’s infancy altered 139 genes, while dad’s stress during the children’s pre-school years altered 31 genes.
  • although mothers’ stress affected both daughters and sons equally, fathers’ stress had more effect on daughters than sons.
  • when dad is emotionally or physically absent, girls tend to enter puberty earlier and develop difficult temperaments
  • Maelani Parker on 09 Sep 12
     
    This article presents the belief that the stressful state of parents can alter their children's DNA. Emotional stress in the home can be devastating for children and have long and lasting effects. This applies to my section on divorce and possibly home environment and exposure.
Maelani Parker

Prenatal exposure to drugs and alcohol - 0 views

www.bemyparent.org.uk/...o-drugs-and-alcohol,75,AR.html

children family prenatal drugs research mcc eng102 wp1 wp2

shared by Maelani Parker on 26 Aug 12 - No Cached
  • Parental drug misuse can have an effect on the development of the foetus and long-term consequences for children. Some effects may be physical, but the most important ones will be on the developing mind and brain of the child. These effects may not be visible, and, in some cases, the impact on the child´s development and behaviour may not manifest for some years.
  • The effects on the unborn child include: chromosomal abnormalities; structural malformations (e.g. cleft palate); intrauterine growth retardation; functional impairment (e.g. deafness); behavioural abnormalities (e.g. hyperactivity); and learning difficulties.
  • a high proportion of newborn babies, especially those whose mother used heroin, will suffer withdrawal symptoms which may last up to several months and which will include tremors, high muscle tone, irritability, diarrhoea, vomiting and abnormal feeding and sleep patterns.
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  • there is an increase in premature delivery, low birth weight and death around the time of delivery.
  • but small head size, intrauterine growth retardation, prematurity, stillbirths, heart defects, abnormal bone development and neonatal withdrawal syndrome have been noted. Some studies have reported learning disorders and attention deficit at three years of age
  • there is a risk of intrauterine growth retardation and premature delivery.
  • One long-term study found that the speech and memory performance among four-yearolds whose mothers had consumed cannabis daily or several times a week during pregnancy was affected significantly
  • abnormalities of growth, including low birth weight and small head circumferencecentral nervous system involvement andinclude small, widely-spaced eyes, flat midface, short, upturned nose, thin upper lip.
  • depressed immune function, strabismus, hearing loss, and abnormalities of heart, lungs and teeth.
  • They will frequently have difficulties forming attachments.
  • attention and memory deficitshyperactivitydifficulty learning from behavioursinability to understand the consequences of their actionsdifficulty with abstract conceptsreduced problem-solving skillsdifficulty with social functioningdifficulties with controlling impulses
  • Maelani Parker on 26 Aug 12
     
    On this web page we see that Parents have a major effect on the development of their child before birth. When the parent makes choices to expose their unborn children to any form of drugs or alcohol there are high costs for their child. These costs do not end with childhood.
Maelani Parker

When parents fight, their children suffer - 0 views

www.agweek.com/...1

wp2 children parents eng102 mcc divorce

shared by Maelani Parker on 09 Sep 12 - No Cached
  • When parents argue in front of children, it is one of the most stressful events of childhood
  • Frequent, intense and poorly resolved conflict is related to higher levels of children’s problems
  • Negative emotions spill over to relationships with children. Anger in one relationship will be a stimulus for anger and irritability in other close relationships. When parents argue with each other, they are more likely to become angry, irritating or controlling toward their children
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  • Marital fights often lead to distraction and depression in the parents. They become less effective in dealing with their children. Parents become absorbed in their marital problems and are unable to concentrate as much on their parenting practices. They have less energy, focus and patience with their children and their issues
  • Teens feel less secure and more anxious when they are aware that their parents aren’t getting along. They fear that one parent will leave the family to avoid the repetitive arguments. They also think friction with their parents is more personally threatening when they see their parents constantly fighting
  • In homes with little strife, children are optimistic about getting along. They are more flexible, adaptive, and more open-minded and constructive in their approaches to problem solving. They are more open in their communications.
  • Children from high conflict homes have a harder time learning to control their emotions. They are more prone to anger and violence. They may use a high conflict style to resolve problems with their peers, siblings or later in life when they become parents themselves
  • Loyalties become confused
  • parents set the stage for manipulation and divided loyalties within the family.
  • They may avoid being home, spend more time with their friends or even try using alcohol or drugs to keep from thinking about their quarreling parents. School performance also suffers
  • Does all of this suggest that fighting parents should divorce for the sake of the children? No. The evidence is that divorce itself – independent of parental conflict, style of parenting or even earlier problems by children – has a negative impact in children’s lives.
  • Maelani Parker on 09 Sep 12
     
    This article shows how children suffer when their parents argue. Relationships and loyalties within the family suffer. This falls under divorce and home environment.
Wesley Zika

Republican seeks to allow cuts in public pensions | Arizona Capitol Times - 0 views

azcapitoltimes.com/...-allow-cuts-in-public-pensions

Wp2 pensions policy republican cuts

shared by Wesley Zika on 09 Mar 14 - No Cached
  • This doesn’t remove the pensions, this simply says if the money’s not there the benefits have to be trimmed to make the system healthy. And employees were never promised” cost of living increases, Kavanagh said. But, “if the world was to flip into a recession, and we went into a depression, surely members don’t think that life will go merrily along in the public pension realm.”
  • House Minority Leader Chad Campbell said Tuesday there are funding problems wi
  • Wesley Zika on 09 Mar 14
     
    "Sigrid Whitman"
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