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This article discusses the Pros and Cons of using APRNs in both outpatient and inpatient settings. One of the positives is that there are more jobs for the APRN and now APRN's can specialize much like physicians. The downside to that is that there are not as many NPs doing primary care, which is leaving a gap.

Interactive NP Scope of Practice guide that offers a snapshot of each state's scope of practice laws. Shows how nurse practitioner (NP) scope of practice laws vary from state-to-state.

Discussion of progress and barriers to expanded SOP for NPs, including physician's arguments for mandatory physician oversight.

An article about the barriers to APRNs being able to practice to the whole extent of our education and what we can do to help bring down those barriers.

Connects efforts for full practice authority for NPs to the ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment by various states. States that ratified the ERA and therefore have a more egalitarian view of women are more likely to have full scope of practice laws for NPs, CNMs, and CRNAs

This article speaks about the future of healthcare - specifically, how primary care is at the foundation of a robust health care system. The author argues that the key to improving the triple aim (health of populations, patient experience, cost of care) is to remove barriers to NP practice, allowing them to practice to their fullest capacity.

This article recognizes the need for specialized training of new grad NPs as they transition from their role of student to practitioner.

This is an excellent overview of NP history and practice changes written by Arlene W. Keeling PhD, RN, FAAN. It includes a historical narrative for the NP role that includes key figures (Lillian Wald, Mary Breckenridge, Loretta Ford) with seminal legislation, challenges to the practice, and future implications.

History and Benefits to having the role of ENPs

brief view into how NICUs were started and the major events leading to development of NP role in the NICU

This article does a great job of summarizing the history of geriatric NPs role in care, the development education for geriatric NPs beginning with the first program in 1966 and the unmet demand for nurses trained in geriatrics.

Here's a JONA article discussing the CNO and Leadership's role in encouraging APRN Fellowships and new grad NP educational opportunities, along with the positive outcomes associated with employing these practices. J Nurs Adm. 2014 Dec;44(12):625-7. doi: 10.1097/NNA.0000000000000138.

Advice from NPs who have "been there, done that"

J Prof Nurs. 2011 May-Jun;27(3):161-7. doi: 10.1016/j.profnurs.2011.02.004. This is the article on the importance of mentorship as a novice NP transitions from school into practice.

BACKGROUND: The trauma service experienced preventable delays caused by an Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education work restrictions and a 16% increase in patient census. Furthermore, nurses needed a consistently accessible provider for the coordination of care. We hypothesized that using experienced acute care nurse practitioners (ACNPs) on the stepdown unit would improve throughput and decrease length of stay (LOS) and hospital charges. Moreover, we hypothesized that adding ACNPs would improve staff satisfaction. On December 1, 2011, the Vanderbilt University Medical Center Division of Trauma reassigned ACNPs to the stepdown area 5 days a week for a pilot program. METHODS: LOS data from December 1, 2011 through December 1, 2012 was compared with data from the same months from the previous two years and estimated hospital charges and patient days were extrapolated. Physician and nursing surveys were performed. Data from 2010 (n = 2,559) and 2011 (n= 2,671) were averaged and the mean LOS for the entire trauma service was 7.2 days. After adding an experienced ACNP, the average LOS decreased to 6.4 days, a 0.8 day reduction. Per patient, there was a $ 9,111.50 savings in hospital charges, for a reduction of $27.8 million dollars in hospital charges over the 12 month pilot program. RESULTS: A confidential survey administered to attending physicians showed that 100% agreed that a nurse practitioner in the stepdown area was beneficial and helped throughput. Dayshift nurses were surveyed, and 100% agreed or strongly agreed that the ACNPs were knowledgeable about the patient's plan of care, experienced in the care of trauma patients, and improved patient care overall. CONCLUSION: The addition of experienced ACNPs resulted in the decrease of overall trauma service LOS, saving almost $9 million in hospital charges

This is an article from The Journal of Nurse Practitioners. The IOM is recommending a transition to practice (residency program) for new graduate nurse practitioners; along with a competency tool to assess the effectiveness of such program.

This article gives a great glimpse into the need for ENP programs in order to support our health system in emergency care. It was written in 2011, so before ENP certification was approved by the ANCC.

Role of FNP