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"Striking evidence has emerged that an ancient virus previously known only from fossil evidence has persistently infected some humans at very low levels for hundreds of thousands or even millions of years. This ancient retrovirus is a kind of living fossil, and the discovery of an intact copy of it within the human genome poses questions as to how it has survived, and suggests others from the distant evolutionary past may lie dormant in the DNA of many species. ..."

Publicado el 15 mar. 2012 Our world is changing at an unprecedented pace. To prepare our students, lessons must go beyond the "3 R's" and foster 21st century skills. Skills like critical thinking, communication, collaboration and creativity will be essential for students to take on the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead.

"It seems only fitting to explore the role of questions in education by asking questions about the process of doing so. I propose that we start with the customary way of framing this topic and then proceed to questions that are deeper and potentially more subversive of traditional schooling. 1. WHICH QUESTIONS? To begin, let's consider what we might ask our students. The least interesting questions are those with straightforward factual answers. That's why a number of writers have encouraged the use of questions described variously as "true" (Wolf, 1987), "essential" (Simon, 2002), "generative" (Perkins, 1992; Perrone, 1998), "guiding" (Traver, 1998), or "fertile" (Harpaz & Lefstein, 2000). What the best of these share is that they're open-ended. Sometimes, in fact, no definitive right answer can be found at all. And even when there is one - or at least when there is reason to prefer some responses to others - the answer isn't obvious and can't be summarized in a sentence. Why is it so hard to find a cure for cancer? Do numbers ever end? Why do people lie? Why did we invade Vietnam? Grappling with meaty questions like these (which were among those generated by a class in Plainview, NY) is a real project . . . literally. A question-based approach to teaching tends to shade into learning that is problem- (Delisle, 1997) and project-based (Kilpatrick, 1918; Blumenfeld et al., 1991; Wolk, 1998). Intellectual proficiency is strengthened as students figure out how to do justice to a rich question. As they investigate and come to understand important ideas more fully, new questions arise along with better ways of asking them, and the learning spirals upwards. Guiding students through this process is not a technique that can be stapled onto our existing pedagogy, nor is it something that teachers can be trained to master during an in-service day. What's required is a continual focus on creating a classroom that is about thinking rather

"... Lo que pienso que no deberías hacer: Dudar de la afirmación del alumno si sabes perfectamente que no es verdad. Enfadarte con el alumno gritándole o respondiéndole mal. Castigar al alumno. Ridiculizar o humillar al alumno delante de todo el grupo. Lo que pienso que deberías hacer: RESPONDER AL ALUMNO DE FORMA ASERTIVA Ese fue el error que cometí con ese alumno, no responderle de manera asertiva. Pero de ese error salió una reflexión que me ha permitido combatir la mentira de una manera más efectiva. Por que la asertividad: no es lo que haces, es lo que eres. es la capacidad de encontrar el equilibrio entre la agresividad y la pasividad. consiste en defender tus derechos de manera inteligente. Es por ello que, cuando te enfrentes a un alumno de forma asertiva, debes tener en cuenta los siguientes aspectos: Debes responder al alumno de forma calmada, pero firme y contundente a la vez. No seas verbalmente agresivo. Empieza tu respuesta pronunciando en voz alta el nombre del alumno, así empatizarás con él. Después del nombre del alumno, debes dar una respuesta breve que debería ser algo así como: [Nombre del alumno], + la frase que acabas de pronunciar no es cierta. (La expresión "no es cierta" es menos agresiva que la palabra "mentira"). A continuación, debes pronunciar una segunda frase que conecte emocionalmente con el alumno. Esta frase debe ser en primera persona. Puedes empezar la frase así: Me ha dolido que…, Me gustaría que…, Siento que… Tras estas dos frases, viene el momento de proponer una disculpa: [Nombre del alumno], me gustaría que te disculparas por la frase que has dicho y que, repito, no es cierta. La disculpa de alumno debería ser así: [Nombre del profesor], te pido disculpas por la frase que he dicho y que no es cierta. (Esta frase se debe enseñar y hasta me atrevería decir que mecanizar). Fin del diálogo.

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