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"It seems only fitting to explore the role of questions in education by asking questions about the process of doing so. I propose that we start with the customary way of framing this topic and then proceed to questions that are deeper and potentially more subversive of traditional schooling. 1. WHICH QUESTIONS? To begin, let's consider what we might ask our students. The least interesting questions are those with straightforward factual answers. That's why a number of writers have encouraged the use of questions described variously as "true" (Wolf, 1987), "essential" (Simon, 2002), "generative" (Perkins, 1992; Perrone, 1998), "guiding" (Traver, 1998), or "fertile" (Harpaz & Lefstein, 2000). What the best of these share is that they're open-ended. Sometimes, in fact, no definitive right answer can be found at all. And even when there is one - or at least when there is reason to prefer some responses to others - the answer isn't obvious and can't be summarized in a sentence. Why is it so hard to find a cure for cancer? Do numbers ever end? Why do people lie? Why did we invade Vietnam? Grappling with meaty questions like these (which were among those generated by a class in Plainview, NY) is a real project . . . literally. A question-based approach to teaching tends to shade into learning that is problem- (Delisle, 1997) and project-based (Kilpatrick, 1918; Blumenfeld et al., 1991; Wolk, 1998). Intellectual proficiency is strengthened as students figure out how to do justice to a rich question. As they investigate and come to understand important ideas more fully, new questions arise along with better ways of asking them, and the learning spirals upwards. Guiding students through this process is not a technique that can be stapled onto our existing pedagogy, nor is it something that teachers can be trained to master during an in-service day. What's required is a continual focus on creating a classroom that is about thinking rather

"1. The teacher is choosing the technology. It's not always possible, but when you can, let the students choose, and see what happens. Not all of them will be able to. Some need help; so let other students help them. 2. The teacher is choosing the function. This doesn't mean you can't choose the function, but if you students can't control the technology the use nor its function, this can be problematic: the learning is passive from the beginning. 3. The teacher is determining the process. To an extent you have to, but don't overdo it. 4. The technology is distracting. If the technology is more magical than the project, product, collaboration, process, or content itself, try to muffle the bells and whistles. Or use them to your advantage. 5. The technology isn't necessary. You wouldn't use a ruler to teach expository writing, nor would you use a Wendell Berry essay to teach about the Water Cycle. No need for a Khan Academy account and a fully-personalized and potentially self-directed proficiency chart of mathematical concepts just to show a 3 minute video on the number line. 6. The process is too complex. Keep it simple. Fewer moving parts = greater precision. And less to go wrong. 7. Students have access to too much. What materials, models, peer groups, or related content do students actually need? See #6. 8. The teacher is the judge, jury, and executioner. Get out of the way. You're (probably) less interesting than the content, experts, and communities (if you're doing it right). 9. They artificially limiting the scale. Technology connects everything to everything. Use this to the advantage of the students! 10. They're not limiting the scale. However, giving students the keys to the universe with no framework, plan, boundaries or even vague goals is equally problematic. 11. Students access is limited to too little. The opposite of too board a scale is too little-akin to taking students to the ocean to fish but squaring of

"1. Blogging enables reflection. This is true for both students and educators. Too often do we go through our days, class to class, with minimal opportunities for reflection on our experiences or the information that we have acquired along the way. Blogging offers the opportunity to take a step back and connect with our learning and place it in the context of the bigger picture. Make reflection an assignment or part of another assignment - it is an important component to learning. For students: This is not the easiest thing to accomplish - blogging takes time and that is a finite resource during a busy class period. There is great opportunity in academic support periods or advisory classes for students (particularly in 1:1 schools) to blog. Many advisory classes take place throughout the day, which is a great break point for students to create based on their learning from that day. For teachers: This type of reflection can and should be compiled into your lesson planning for future lessons. Take what you learned from teaching and learning that day and incorporate it into the next day's lessons. Find time to do this during a conference period during your day or right after school. Yes, it is tough to get in the habit of doing a new thing - but once you start using reflection through blogging, I think that your lesson planning will be easier and much more meaningful. 2. Develop an Authentic Audience An authentic audience is a great way to increase rigor and in all of my experiences has led to increased performance by students. Authentic audiences in blogging could mean any number of things - family members, students from other classes, students from other buildings, other teachers, individuals interested in the content from around the world, etc. A student knowing that their work may be seen by people other than what they consider their 'typical audience' (read: teacher) typically spends more time and exerts more effort to creating a quality p

"It has me thinking about what it would mean to improve online classes. A few ideas come to mind: Use multiple platforms. I'm not against using an LMS as a central hub. However, I think it's valuable to experiment with the types of productivity tools you will actually use outside of a classroom. Use Google Docs to share ideas, create surveys, and ask questions. Use Google Hangouts to meet as a group. Go project-based. I haven't figured this out entirely with my first class but my hope is that we can go fully project-based in the same way that my face-to-face class is. In fact, the asynchronous nature of online classes actually means there is a better potential of creating a project-based culture that mirrors the way people actually work on projects. Make something together. I use a collaboration grid with co-creating and communicating on separate spectrums (x-axis) and multimedia and text on another spectrum (y-axis). This has been an effective way to think through collaborative tools that allow students to co-create. Embrace a synchronous/asynchronous blend: I love using Voxer because students can speak back and forth in the moment. However, if they miss it, they can listen to it later. The same is true of using a Google Hangouts On Air. Make it more connective. We tend to treat online instruction as if it is a linear process and we don't do enough to link things back and forth and connect ideas, resources, discussions and content creation in a seamless, back-and-forth nature. Incorporate multimedia. It's a simple idea, but I create a short video at the beginning of each week and I encourage students to create video and audio as well. This has a way of making things more concrete. There's something deeply human about hearing an actual human voice. I know, crazy, right? Go mobile. I don't simply mean use a smart phone. I mean assign some things that allow students to get out in the world and create videos, snap pictures, or simpl

This is the difference between 'projects' and 'project-based learning' - Daily Genius

1) the ways they currently implement Twitter in their teaching and learning, 2) ideas for future development of Twitter-based assignments and pedagogical practices, and 3) issues concerning the integration of Twitter and other digital media into both traditional and non-traditional pedagogies. Collaborators should feel free to add material to these pages, to comment on existing material, and to share links to relevant external readings and resources. It may be helpful to tag your contributions with your Twitter handle. Collaborators are asked to please respect this space as a forum for open and respectful dialogue and networking. Let's fill up the pages below with great ideas!  Share the ways you currently implement Twitter in your teaching and learning: Students in my course New Information Technologies do an "Internet Censorship" project, focused on a specific country. I ask them to follow a journalist who tweets on that country as part of their research to understand the state of Internet freedom in the country they select. -- Lora Since shortly after Twitter was launched, I've experimented with various iterations of "The Twitter Essay," an assignment that has students considering the nature of the "essay" as a medium and how they might do that work within the space of 140 characters. -- Jesse (@Jessifer) In my fully online classes, I've started using Twitter to replace the discussion forum as the central location for student interaction. -- Jesse (@Jessifer) Show Tweets that have gotten people arrested and prompt discussion on whether it is fair that anyone be arrested for any Tweet in the US, who is likely to be arrested for their Tweets, what kinds of Tweets are likely to prompt arrest, etc. Students in my First Year Seminar course "The Irish Imagination: Yeats to Bono" developed a platform for digital annotation of Irish literature. Embedded in their platform was a twitter feed of relevant individuals/groups, makin

"A pesar de la multitud de cursos, artículos y libros sobre Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos (ABP), muchos docentes siguen "haciendo proyectos" en lugar de "trabajar por proyectos". La diferencia es vital. Por ello, antes de lanzarse a la aventura de poner en marcha un proyecto que potencie el aprendizaje de nuestros estudiantes, quizá sea necesario releer a "los clásicos". El artículo The Main Course, Not Dessert de John Larmer y John R. Mergendoller, del Buck Institute for Education (2010), describe el proyecto en ABP como un plato principal rico en contenidos curriculares y en competencias clave para la sociedad del siglo XXI, no como un postre en el que aplicar los contenidos vistos en clases anteriores. El proyecto como plato principal del aprendizaje: Pretende enseñar contenido significativo. Los objetivos de aprendizaje planteados en un proyecto derivan de los estándares de aprendizaje y competencias clave de la materia. Requiere pensamiento crítico, resolución de problemas, colaboración y diversas formas de comunicación. Para responder la pregunta guía que lanza el proyecto y crear trabajo de calidad, los alumnos necesitan hacer mucho más que memorizar información. Necesitan utilizar capacidades intelectuales de orden superior y además aprender a trabajar en equipo. Deben escuchar a otros y también ser capaces de exponer con claridad sus ideas. Ser capaces de leer diferentes tipos de materiales y también de expresarse en diferentes formatos. Estas son las llamadas capacidades clave para el siglo XXI. La investigación es parte imprescindible del proceso de aprendizaje, así como la necesidad de crear algo nuevo. Los alumnos deben formular(se) preguntas, buscar respuestas y llegar a conclusiones que les lleven a construir algo nuevo: una idea, una interpretación o un producto. Está organizado alrededor de una pregunta guía (driving question en inglés) abierta. La pregunta guía centra el trabajo de los estudia

"El feedback o retroalimentación es uno de los elementos más eficaces en el proceso de aprendizaje (y enseñanza). Hace unos meses publicamos un artículo basado en los datos del estudio TALIS último (2013) en el que estudiábamos el impacto de este elemento en las prácticas docentes de los profesores. Curiosamente, o no, los profesores que recibían feedback habitualmente sobre su trabajo, tendían a utilizar prácticas docentes más innovadoras, más centradas en los alumnos que los que no lo recibían. Hay muchos estudios sobre el feedback y su impacto, tanto en profesores como estudiantes, en empleados de empresas, etc. Hoy quiero ofreceros un infográfico desarrollado pensando en la conducta en las organizaciones, pero que he adaptado a la escuela. Resume 21 características que debe reunir el feedback. Tanto si eres profesor, director o responsable de una organización o parte de ella, como si eres padre te pueden servir. El feedback debe ser: 1. Específico Los comentarios tienen que ser concretos y relacionarse con un objetivo de rendimiento específico, medible. Debe incluir también expectativas claras para el empleado (léase estudiante, hijo, profesor, etc.) y su desempeño. 2. Oportuno Los destinatarios deben recibir la retroalimentación tan cerca del evento (examen, trabajo, proyecto) como sea posible. Feedback inmediato mejor que diferido. 3. Adecuado La retroalimentación debe ser presentada de una manera positiva, con tacto y no de modo amenazante. 4. Centrarse en el comportamiento, no en la personalidad Siempre se debe proporcionar información que se base en el comportamiento, no la personalidad o características de la persona, a menos que sea absolutamente necesario. 5. Proactivo No retrasar o evitar proporcionar la retroalimentación oportuna. Siempre es mejor identificar los problemas y proporcionar información antes de que se conviertan en insolubles o que tengan un gran impacto en la persona, escuela, organización, etc. 6. Dar