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Nephron Sparing Surgery in Renal Tumors : A Case Report A 69 yrs old male presented to our OPD with h/o left sided varicocele. A known case of Diabetes, hypertension and bilateral medical renal disease, he underwent MRI abdomen which revealed a large lower pole lesion in left kidney with no renal vein or IVC thrombus. DTPA Scan revealed a 61% function in the affected kidney. Due to his bilateral medical renal disease and poorly functioning contra lateral kidney, he was planned for Nephron Sparing Surgery / partial nephrectomy (L) and DJ Stenting under cold ischaemia. Post op patient initially showed a rise in creatinine levels which gradually settled down to pre operative levels. Before we go into the discussion of partial nephrectomy or nephron sparing surgery (NSS) in RCC, I would like to emphasize on the presenting complaint. Varicocele in the left side is one of the presentation of Left sided kidney mass, which occurs due to the drainage of the gonadal vein into the renal vein on the left side and generally indicates tumor thrombus in the venous system renal/ IVC, however in this case it was because of compression of left gonadal vein by the renal mass. Renal tumors comprise approximately 3.8% of all new cancers with median age at diagnosis of 64 yrs. It is the third most common urological malignancy. The rate of RCC has increased by 1.6% per year for last 10 yrs, the reason of which is unknown. Majority of them are renal cell carcinomas and 80% of them are clear cell variety. Smoking and obesity are high risk factors of RCC. Some genetic diseases are also associated with RCC, like Von Hippel Lindau (VHL) disease. At presentation 25% are locally advanced. More often patient presents with metastatic disease (20%) . Only a few patients present with Virchows Triad - the 'too late triad' ( of hematuria, abdominal pain and flank mass). A CT Scan or MRI of the whole abdomen including pelvis clinches the diagnosis. A NEEDLE BIOPSY IS NOT NE

Phosphorylation is the most common and important molecular mechanism of acute and reversible regulation of protein function. Through protein phosphorylation, protein function is regulated in response to extracellular stimuli both inside and outside the cell.

The management of ovarian cysts or ovarian cyst treatment depends on their nature: - A functional cyst usually disappears spontaneously. An observation period can, therefore, be useful in order to see if it resolves on its own. In the opposite case, hormone treatment can be offered (with a highly dosed estrogen-progestogen pill). - In the case of organic cysts, painful and/or bulky functional cysts, surgery can be considered. The reference technique is laparoscopy.

Vitamin K is a fat-soluble vitamin. The "K" is derived from the German word "koagulation." Coagulation refers to the process of blood clot formation. Vitamin K is essential for the functioning of several proteins involved in blood clotting (1). There are two naturally occurring forms of vitamin K

Viral gastroenteritis, also known as stomach flu, is an inflammation of the mucous coating of the stomach and intestines caused by certain groups of viruses. They settled in the epithelial cells of the mucosa, where they multiply and cause damage to the normal structure and function. The stomach flu is a highly infectious and very common - every year there are tens of millions. Rotavirus. Rotaviruses are the leading cause of stomach flu in infants and young children. Incubation was continued for 1 to 3 days. Usually, the infection is accompanied by watery diarrhea, vomiting, fever and muscular pain for 3 to 7 days. Rotaviruses can infect and adults in contact with the ailing child. In adults, the stomach flu symptoms less severe. Calicivirus. Cause infections in people of all ages. Noroviruses are the most common calicivirus and the most common cause of stomach flu in adults. Often reaching epidemic. Usually epidemics broke out from October to April, but are possible at any time of year. Typical stomach flu symptoms include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, fatigue, headache and muscle aches. The symptoms started 1-2 days after contact with the virus and still 1 to 3 days. Adenoviruses. Mainly infects children under 2 years. There are 49 types of adenoviruses, one of which affects the gastrointestinal tract and causes nausea and diarrhea. The incubation period is 8-10 days and symptoms persist between one and two weeks. Adenoviral infections may occur at any time of year. Astroviruses. Infect mostly infants and children less adults. The symptoms are watery diarrhea and vomiting, continuing for up to one week, and appears after an incubation period of 3-4 days. Symptoms were less severe than Norovirus or rotavirus infections. Astroviruses stomach flu are most common during the winter months.

Your hip is a critical part of the body responsible for a wide range of motions. Running, kicking, squatting, and dancing are just a few of the movements made possible by the hip. But a functioning hip joint won't last forever, particularly with extreme and strenuous activity.

For an individual that has lost his or her hair, finding best solutions for hair loss treatment is important to allow that person to function in every day life without embarrassment

A member of my family had this skin disorder called Psoriasis. He experienced physical discomfort in which itching and pain interfered with basic functions, such as self-care, walking, and sleep. Although psoriasis is not contagious, I've heard that it is a heredity disease. So I did some research to keep myself in the know. Psoriasis is a disease whose main symptom is gray flaky patches on the skin which are red and inflamed underneath that affects over 80 million people worldwide. Commonly affected areas include the scalp, elbows, knees, arms, stomach and back.

In today's fast paced world, we sometimes do not eat a proper diet all of the time. Even celebrity Chef's like Jamie Oliver is highlighting this issue. He is presently going round to schools and towns trying to teach people how to cook healthy food. On one of his shows on Discovery Channel, he was at this town that had this one parent whose three year old child has never had a nutritious home cooked meal. On a Bill Cosby's Show "Kids Say The Darndest Things", when he asked a kid who cooks his meals at home the kid answers "Pizza Hut". Sad but true. Nowadays since both parents are working to make ends meet, they often resort to fast food to fill their family's tummies. Same goes with us, to keep up with the rat race we just pop whatever we can get into our tummies. So in order to acquire sufficient vitamins to help your body overcome nutritional deficiencies to function properly, you should compensate with natural vitamin supplements. Vitamins are organic components in food that are needed in very small amounts for growth and for maintaining good health. Growing up as a skinny kid, my parents made sure I had my Vitamin Supplements. They tried everything to get some flesh on this bag of bones. Then a doctor told them not too worries as long as I'm a healthy kid. I still took multivitamins. Nowadays I take a herbal supplement called spirulina. So far I have found Spirulina to be good for me; it helps to keep my toxins in my body to a minimum. I don't feel very tired in the morning.

A diet deficient in omega 3 fats is known to cause impaired vision both in animals and people. That is because omega 3 fats are essential for the functioning of the nerve tissues in the brain and since the retina is an extension of the brain, it goes without saying that a deficiency of omega 3 fatty acids will have an effect in the way we see things.

Vitamin b12 called cobalamine, important for vital functions in body, like maintenance. Deficiency cause malnutrition and digestion problems. Treatments including supplements, injections and vitamins regulatory measures.

Glutamate receptors are located in both neurons and glial cells throughout the CNS. The glutamatergic synapse pathways, which are linked to many other neurotransmitter pathways, play a crucial role in a large array of normal physiological functions. The glutamate dysfunction stands out as a key factor in both neurodevelopmental diseases and injury.

Inflammasome activation is a key function mediated by the innate immune system in response to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, dead cells or irritants. However, overt activation of inflammasomes may also lead to a variety of autoinflammatory and autoimmune diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases (such as multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease) and metabolic disorders (such as atherosclerosis, obesity and type II diabetes).

Thyroid problems can affects total metabolism. Thyroid disease easily cures by homeopathic treatment. Women have mostly thyroid problems. Symptoms of thyroid problems depends on the age of the person

When using Iodoral weight loss happens since the deficiency of iodine in the thyroid gland is corrected, allowing the gland to function at its best levels and produce sufficient thyroid hormones.