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Seale Chapter 3: Printable version - 0 views

  • Examples of ATs that can be used to meet the needs of students with hearing disabilities include digital audio recording of lectures (that may be streamed online) and captioning and subtitles to ensure that information provided in audio format is also provided in a visual medium (Wald 2002). Examples of assistive technologies that can meet the needs of students with visual impairments include screen magnification software and speech output systems consisting of a speech synthesizer and screen reading software (Neumann 2002). Draffan (2002) outlines AT for dyslexic students including speech output systems (text being read back through synthesized speech); spell-checkers and speech recognition software. Henderson (2002) describes the kinds of AT that students with physical disabilities may use including alternative input devices such as switches, head mice or voice and keyboard emulators.
  • e-learning can be employed in face-to-face campus settings or at a distance as learners connect from home, work or other public spaces
  • E-learning
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  • reduce issues of distance,
  • electronic text, unlike printed text, can be read by individuals who are blind, vision impaired, dyslexic and by individuals who cannot hold a book or turn pages (Gay and Harrison 2001).
  • physical access.
  • development of AudioMath, an AT designed to enable visually impaired people to access mathematical expressions contained in online documents. AudioMath can be connected to a text-to-speech engine, providing speech rendering of MathML (coded mathematical expressions of the World Wide web Consortium (W3Q).
  • Dixon (2004) describes the development of a ‘Code Memory Diagram Animation Software Tool’ designed to aid dyslexic computer programming students by expressing the temporal aspects of programming concepts.
  • Colwell et al. (2002) describe the development of a remote experimentation system (the PEARL system), which can extend access to laboratory work for students who are unable to attend a conventional laboratory for a variety of reasons, such as disability,
  • However, technology disables when it is developed without considering accessibility because it marginalizes segments of the population
  • With the evolution of the World Wide web into a complex and glamorous multimedia entity, designers, who are often ignorant of principles of accessible design, are likely to create access barriers that are unsurmountable … and that leave people with print disabilities stranded.
  • However, for students with disabilities, even if they do have access to computers and the Internet, they may not necessarily have access to accessible e-learning opportunities. These students therefore are still ‘have-nots’ and may experience what Burgstahler (2002a) describes as the ‘second digital divide’.
  • This second digital divide is a result of the inaccessible design of many electronic resources.
  • Rowland (2000) argues that if the web developer made simple accommodations to the site, the student would be able to hear what others see.
  • Web pages divided [page 27] into segments or frames can confuse software programs that translate text to voice. Graphics that have not been labelled with text will be read only as ‘image’ by the software reading the text on the screen and will deprive students of valuable content. Whilst web pages with a long list of hyperlinks crowded together can confuse a student with visual, cognitive, or motor disabilities. In essence, the second digital divide is caused by poor inaccessible design:
  • Yes, the newer screen reader software can recognize some standard graphics and connect words to them. If software designers would put text labels with their graphics, access would be simplified.
  • If the staff in higher education do not design, develop and support accessible e-learning materials, then the gap between disabled and non-disabled students will widen and technology will outstrip its usefulness as a tool that can facilitate access to learning, curricula, independence and empowerment.
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    This is a chapter I have read for my master module. I have highlighed some interesting stuff around making elearning accessible.
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Nine Elements of Digital Citizenship - 1 views

  • Digital citizenship can be defined as the norms of appropriate, responsible behavior with regard to technology use.
  • Digital exclusion of any kind does not enhance the growth of users in an electronic society. All people should have fair access to technology no matter who they are. 
  • To become productive citizens, we need to be committed to equal digital access.
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  • The mainstream availability of Internet purchases of toys, clothing, cars, food, etc. has become commonplace to many users.
  • Users need to learn about how to be effective consumers in a new digital economy. 
  • In the 19th century, forms of communication were limited. In the 21st century, communication options have exploded to offer a wide variety of choices (e.g., e-mail, cellular phones, instant messaging).  The expanding digital communication options have changed everything because people are able to keep in constant communication with anyone else.
  • A renewed focus must be made on what technologies must be taught as well as how it should be used.
  • Learners must be taught how to learn in a digital society. In other words, learners must be taught to learn anything, anytime, anywhere.
  • Business, military, and medicine are excellent examples of how technology is being used differently in the 21st century. As new technologies emerge, learners need to learn how to use that technology quickly and appropriately. Digital Citizenship involves educating people in a new way— these individuals need a high degree of information literacy skills.
  • We recognize inappropriate behavior when we see it, but before people use technology they do not learn digital etiquette (i.e., appropriate conduct).
  • Many people feel uncomfortable talking to others about their digital etiquette.  Often rules and regulations are created or the technology is simply banned to stop inappropriate use.
    • yanika scotton
       
      example of banning technology: 'disable comment' feature on YouTube
  • It is not enough to create rules and policy, we must teach everyone to become responsible digital citizens in this new society.
  • Digital law deals with the ethics of technology within a society.
  • Users need to understand that stealing or causing damage to other people’s work, identity, or property online is a crime.
  • Hacking into others information, downloading illegal music, plagiarizing, creating destructive worms, viruses or creating Trojan Horses, sending spam, or stealing anyone’s identify or property is unethical.
  • Just as in the American Constitution where there is a Bill of Rights, there is a basic set of rights extended to every digital citizen. Digital citizens have the right to privacy, free speech, etc. Basic digital rights must be addressed, discussed, and understood in the digital world.  With these rights also come responsibilities as well.  Users must help define how the technology is to be used in an appropriate manner.  In a digital society these two areas must work together for everyone to be productive.
  • Eye safety, repetitive stress syndrome, and sound ergonomic practices are issues that need to be addressed in a new technological world.  Beyond the physical issues are those of the psychological issues that are becoming more prevalent such as Internet addiction.  Users need to be taught that there inherent dangers of technology. Digital Citizenship includes a culture where technology users are taught how to protect themselves through education and training.
  • In any society, there are individuals who steal, deface, or disrupt other people. The same is true for the digital community.
  • We need to have virus protection, backups of data, and surge control of our equipment. As responsible citizens, we must protect our information from outside forces that might cause disruption or harm.
    • yanika scotton
       
      Increase secuirty!
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Sheila's work blog » A conversation around what it means to be a digital univ... - 0 views

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    Over the past 18 months I've been having a series of discussions with Bill Johnston (a colleague of mine here at Strathclyde) around notions information and digital literacy and of what it means to be a digital university.
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A New Curriculum for Information Literacy - 1 views

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    Project by Dr. Emma Coonan "IntroductionThis short project, based at Cambridge University Library and funded by the Arcadia Programme, sought to develop a practical curriculum for information literacy that meets the needs of the undergraduate student entering higher education over the next five years.The research is grounded in relevant theoretical models and reviews of recent professional literature and existing best practices. In addition, the authors consulted with experts in the information literacy field, and also those working in curriculum design and educational technologies.Project aims and objectivesThis project sought to develop a practical curriculum for information literacy that meets the needs of the undergraduate student entering higher education over the next five years. Specifically the project aimed:* To understand the information needs of future undergraduate students on entering higher education* To develop a revolutionary curriculum for information literacy that can be used with undergraduate students entering UK higher education* To provide practical guidance about how best to equip students with the knowledge, skills and behaviour around information use to support their learning in the digital age* To develop a flexible curriculum that can be used and adapted in the higher education community and used in face to face, blended and online learning provision."
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Putting digital and information literacies into practice - 0 views

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    In combination with academic literacies, digital and information literacies represent a broad spectrum of knowledge and skills that ideally should be developed as an integral part of subject specific learning. The challenge at an institutional level is helping academic staff and students achieve this in a manner that is fully integrated and sustainable. As part of the JISC funded Digidol Project (http://digidol.cardiff.ac.uk) at Cardiff University work is being done to create a common framework and methodology to enable professional services staff, academic staff and students to arrive at a shared understanding of what literacies are required and how they can best be realised through meaningful learning and teaching practices.
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Digital Literacy Statements - Faculty digital literacy attributes for learners - 1 views

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    "The Faculty Learning Communities discussed this idea in their creative think tank sessions with the aim of articulating a digital literacy definition for each Faculty or School. These digital literacy definitions have been shared with the wider community on this blog as one of the project outputs.   These statements are also joined by a list of Faculty digital literacy attributes for learners. The stakeholders in the Faculty Learning Communities devised and then refined a set of digital literacy competencies for learners based on the JISC Learning Literacies Development Framework. The digital literacy attributes for each Faculty and School are made available below." Each of the competencies is avaialable as a PDF poster.
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Universities must rethink their approach to student digital literacy | Higher Education... - 2 views

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    "We need to stop digital literacy training that uses the internet and social media to achieve pre-defined outcomes. For example, working backwards from goals such as finding a job or setting up a business. This might address immediate student anxieties but it is a short-term solution. Based on my experiences of working with students and academics, I would make a case for digital literacy to be much more than the mechanical operation of tools and technology. It should enable us to use the social digital landscape for reflection and conversations. And in our ability to enter into dialogue on the basis of shared values, we become individual agents of change." Dr Abhay Adhikari
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Digitally Ready | Digitally Ready for the future - a JISC funded project - 0 views

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    Digitally Ready is a JISC funded project, funded under the Developing Digital Literacies programme Our project will develop a holistic and inclusive approach drawing on both the strong history of successful JISC and general e-learning project delivery and harnessing our expertise, resources and evidence base to: * Baseline our digital competence, needs and desires using JISC audit tools;* Develop a strategy for the University of Reading to ensure all members of the University have the digital literacies for their current role and have access to resources to ensure they are Digitally Ready for their future and to better support the University's aims and objectives;* Develop change management processes to ensure realisation of the strategy;* Begin implementation of the strategy;* Document our methods so that they can be applied to other institutions and lead to further areas of study.
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Digitally Ready | Digitally Ready - a JISC funded project - 0 views

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    Digitally Ready is a JISC funded project, funded under the Developing Digital Literacies programme Our project will develop a holistic and inclusive approach drawing on both the strong history of successful JISC and general e-learning project delivery and harnessing our expertise, resources and evidence base to: * Baseline our digital competence, needs and desires using JISC audit tools;* Develop a strategy for the University of Reading to ensure all members of the University have the digital literacies for their current role and have access to resources to ensure they are Digitally Ready for their future and to better support the University's aims and objectives;* Develop change management processes to ensure realisation of the strategy;* Begin implementation of the strategy;* Document our methods so that they can be applied to other institutions and lead to further areas of study.
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50 Activities To Promote Digital Media Literacy In Students - 4 views

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    "Digital media is quickly replacing traditional media forms as those most accessible to most 21st century learners. The impact of this change is extraordinarily broad, but for now we'll narrow it down to changes in how learners respond to the media they consume. The most fundamental pattern of formal academia is to read something and then write about it. Sometimes this writing comes in the form of responding to questions, while other time it's in the form of an essay. And sometimes the reading is watching, playing with, or otherwise interacting with a digital media. So I thought it might make sense to compile a list of "things" learners can do as the result of "consuming" a digital media."
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Investing in Digital Literacy through Social Media | Social Media Club - 1 views

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    The insertion of social media in education has the potential to advance core aims of our society: to teach students how to engage with their families, neighbors, and communities in a new way. The combination of social media and education requires that we teach students how to become literate in a digital world. The skills of literacy are no longer just about reading and writing, but about abilities that surround our responsibilities as authors. In Digital and Media Literacy: A Plan of Action, researcher Renee Hobbs offers that digital and media literacy is constructed of five crucial abilities:
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The Definition of 21st Century Literacies - 3 views

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    Literacy has always been a collection of cultural and communicative practices shared among members of particular groups. As society and technology change, so does literacy. Because technology has increased the intensity and complexity of literate environments, the twenty-first century demands that a literate person possess a wide range of abilities and competencies, many literacies. These literacies-from reading online newspapers to participating in virtual classrooms-are multiple, dynamic, and malleable. As in the past, they are inextricably linked with particular histories, life possibilities and social trajectories of individuals and groups
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Ten Surprising Truths about Video Games and Learning | MindShift - 1 views

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    "Your brain's important, but not all that important," said Dr. James Paul Gee, a professor at Arizona State University and a leading authority on literacy and the potential of educational games, during a talk at the Learning and Brain conference last week.
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Digital Literacy - P2P Foundation - 1 views

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    "Our ability to communicate - Unlike our parents, who recall sitting down at a desk to deliberately draft a letter with paper, pen, envelope and stamp, today's youth have radically expanded options in how we communicate our observations, reflections and emotions. Oral and written communication have merged into a constant flow of commentary that tends to incentivize wit, irony and novelty. Of greatest significance, online communication is often many-to-many rather than one-to-one, an adjustment that has proven difficult for older generations.
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Analyzing digital literacy with a single simple tweet - ICTlogy » ICT4D Blog - 1 views

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    Two years ago, in Towards a comprehensive definition of digital skills, I depicted digital literacy according to five different categories, being those categories technological literacy, informational literacy, media literacy, digital presence and e-awareness. Explaining these concepts with a single example (that is, all the concepts using the very same example for all of them) is not always easy, so you end up using different examples with each category or concept. Today I just found that single example that can be used to explain all of them...
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Time to digitally develop? | Digitally Ready - 1 views

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    The Digitally Ready team recently invited staff and students to a workshop to explore and reflect on their own digital literacies. We asked people to feedback from their groups and their own personal reflections about access to facilities, their digital skills or lack of them, what they do and don't do in practice. Emerging trends suggest that although basic needs are robustly fulfilled - hardware, software and a good network - the overriding message is that most people feel they do not have adequate time to develop and discover how new technologies can be useful and relevant to them. Some people seem unaware of what is currently available and where they can go for help. It was suggested that colleagues who share best practice provide a powerful trigger for others to invest time in personal development. We finally asked people to complete 'To become more digitally ready, I will…….'
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Professionalism in the Digital Environment (PriDE) | A JISC-funded Digital Literacies P... - 0 views

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    From the outset, the PriDE project will be interested in exploring what it means to be 'digitally literate' within the subject disciplines. The Faculty Learning Communities will this discuss this idea in their creative think tank sessions with the aim of articulating a digital literacy statement. These statements will then be shared with the wider community on this blog as one of the project outputs. In time, these statements will be joined by a list of Faculty digital literacy attributes and, potentially, some more specific lists of attributes for particular stakeholder groups - learners, academics, support staff.
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Rutgers Beginner's Guide to Research - 5 views

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    Rutgers RIOT (Research Information Online Tutorial) Lessons in selecting  a topic, finding resources, selecting keywords, identifying citations and evaluating sources.
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    A nifty little quiz for developing search skills and you get a certificate. I've tweeted the link from the dig lit feed too :)
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6 Things To Teach Students About Social Media - Edudemic - 1 views

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    "Today's society is becoming more and more socially focused with each passing day. Social media is not simply a passing trend; it is here to stay. Now more than ever, students need to understand the basics of social media and how it can affect their future both negatively and positively. A strong or weak social media presence now affects both college admissions and the workforce."
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Talking 'Eds (study tips by students, for students) - 3 views

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    Talking Ed's is a new electronic resource made by students for students. The resource is a friendly welcoming gateway for new students and their expectations of studying at Edinburgh.  
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