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alarsso

Inside the quiet effort to plan for a post-Assad Syria | Foreign Policy - 0 views

foreignpolicy.com/...to-plan-for-a-post-assad-syria

politics syria post-assad transition government

shared by alarsso on 28 Jan 15 - No Cached
  • The absence of Obama administration officials at these meetings, even as observers, was deliberate.
  • purposely stayed away from contributing to the direct overthrow of the Assad regime,
  • not directly involved U.S. government officials
  • ...10 more annotations...
  • The project is called "The day after: Supporting a democratic transition in Syria."
  • providing updates
  • o the Arab League, the Friends of Syria group, the team of U.N. Special Envoy Kofi Annan, and the opposition Syrian National Council.
  • develop concrete plans
  • immediate aftermath
  • mitigate the risks of bureaucratic, security, and economic chaos.
  • USIP’s involvement is primarily in a facilitation and coordination
  • plans to reform the justice sector
  • ole of the armed opposition in a post-Assad Syria
  • transition is not sweeping away of the entire political and judicial framework of Syria
  • alarsso on 28 Jan 15
     
    Committee meets to prepare plan for possible transition during post-assad period.
alarsso

WRMEA | Human Rights: Activists Discuss Post-Assad Syria - 0 views

www.wrmea.org/...-discuss-post-assad-syria.html

post-assad syria human rights The Day After

shared by alarsso on 15 Feb 15 - No Cached
  • presented are the result of monthly deliberations among 45 to 50 key figures of the Syrian opposition,
  • Steve Heydemann,
  • the establishment of a new order in Syria will not start only upon the fall of the regime.
  • ...9 more annotations...
  • he said, "The Day After" focused on the development of programs and strategies that assist already autonomous regions of Syria.
  • Shawnee State University professor Afra Jalabi
  • discussed
  • he lack of accountability for human rights and the need for justice, Jalabi said.
  • The goal
  • empower the Syrian people,
  • create a culture of equality under the rule of law, Jalabi continued.
  • Murhaf Jouejati,
  • "there are good apples that we can rely on after the collapse of the Assad regime" to assist new security forces.
  • alarsso on 15 Feb 15
     
    A group of scholars meet to discuss transition into post-assad Syria. focuses include human rights, and whether or not to completely abolish existing regime.
alarsso

Syria After Assad: Managing the Challenges of Transition | United States Institute of P... - 0 views

www.usip.org/...ging-the-challenges-transition

post-assad transition syria

shared by alarsso on 28 Jan 15 - No Cached
  • alarsso on 28 Jan 15
     
    Meeting at USIP to discuss post-assad government in Syria
alarsso

Understanding Syria: From Pre-Civil War to Post-Assad - The Atlantic - 0 views

www.theatlantic.com/...281989

syria understanding history causes war revolution transition

shared by alarsso on 08 Feb 15 - No Cached
  • xtreme temperatures
  • drought from 2006 to 2011
  • 2001 to 2010, Syria had 60 “significant” dust storms.
  • ...70 more annotations...
  • lessening of rainfall
  • as of the last year before the civil war, only about 13,500 square kilometers could be irrigated
  • agriculture
  • 20 percent of national income
  • employed about 17 percent
  • Syria’s oil is of poor quality, sour, and expensive to refine
  • densely populated
  • less than 0.25 hectares (just over a third of an acre) of agricultural land per person
  • population/resource ratio is out of balance.
  • So it is important to understand how their “social contract”—their view of their relationship with one another and with the government—evolved and then shattered.
  • threw the country into the arms of
  • Egypt’s President Gamal Abdel Nasser
  • or three and a half years
  • part of the United Arab Republic
  • A fundamental problem they faced was what it meant to be a Syrian.
  • 1961 Syrians were thrown back on their own resources
  • The majority of those who became Syrians were Arabic-speaking Sunni Muslims
  • seven and eight in 10 Syrians saw themselves as Muslim Arab
  • being a Muslim Arab as the very definition of Syrian identity.
  • Nationalists took this diversity as a primary cause of weakness and adopted as their primary task integrating the population into a single political and social structure.
  • Israel
  • Looming over Syrian politics and heightening the tensions
  • A ceasefire, negotiated in 1974, has held, but today the two states are still legally at war.
  • or Hafez al-Assad, the secular, nationalist Baath Party was a natural choice: it offered, or seemed to offer, the means to overcome his origins in a minority community and to point toward a solution to the disunity of Syrian politics
  • bridge the gaps between rich and poor
  • socialism
  • Muslims and minorities
  • Islam
  • society
  • hould be modern
  • secular
  • defined by a culture of “Arabism”
  • the very antithesis of
  • Muslim Brotherhood
  • military, which seemed
  • o embody the nation.
  • help the Syrian people to live better provided only that they not challenge his rule
  • his stern and often-brutal monopoly of power
  • foreign troublemakers
  • Hafez al-Assad sided with Iran in the Iran-Iraq war
  • During the rule of the two Assads, Syria made considerable progress.
  • locked into the cities and towns
  • they f
  • had to compete
  • Palestinians
  • Iraqis
  • Syria was already a refuge
  • March 15, 2011
  • small group gathered in the southwestern town of Daraa to protest against government failure to help them
  • government saw them as subversives.
  • He ordered a crackdown
  • And the army,
  • responded violently.
  • Riots broke out
  • attempted to quell them with military
  • what had begun as a food and water issue gradually turned into a political and religious cause.
  • interpretation of Islam
  • the Syrian government is charged with using illegal chemical weapons
  • All observers agree that the foreign-controlled and foreign-constituted insurgent groups are the most coherent, organized, and effective
  • astonishing as they share no common language and come from a wide variety of cultures
  • slam has at least so far failed to provide an effective unifying force
  • all the rebels regard the conflict in Syria as fundamentally a religious issue
  • pwards of $150 billion
  • a whole generation of Syrians have been subjected to either or both the loss of their homes and their trust in fellow human beings.
  • How the victims and the perpetrators can be returned to a “normal life”
  • First, the war might continue.
  • Second, if the Syrian government continues or even prevails, there is no assurance that,
  • t will be able to suppress the insurgency.
  • Third,
  • Syria will remain effectively “balkanized”
  • alarsso on 08 Feb 15
     
    This article captures Syria's geography, history, and all events leading up to the state Syria is in today.
alarsso

Northern "liberated" Syrian city lives in post-Assad mode - Your Middle East - 0 views

www.yourmiddleeast.com/...y-lives-in-postassad-mode_8775

syria post-assad middle east war refugee

shared by alarsso on 09 Feb 15 - No Cached
  • northern Syrian city of Aazaz
  • a military and a political council running daily life.
  • taken by the rebels following five months of fierce fighting with forces of President Bashar al-Assad.
  • ...12 more annotations...
  • "Today, we have restored about 80 percent of services,"
  • gasoline prices have quadrupled
  • five kilometres from the city, the military airport
  • supplies of antibiotics, gauze and children's medicine have been depleted
  • only a doctor and three staff
  • "The Syrian National Council does not help us. They only make promises."
  • "All we want is for Bashar to go,"
  • ight in the crucial battle for Aleppo, leaving no one to protect the city of 70,000 inhabitants.
  • Almost all of the rebel fighters
  • not want to cross the border into Turkey and become a refugee like many other Syrians
  • In February, government forces stormed Aazaz but the rebel Free Syrian Army seized control of the city at the end of July
  • after five months of fierce fighting
  • alarsso on 09 Feb 15
     
    A northern city has created its own set of councils, in charge of everyday matters, itself after months of fighting with Assad forces. Though life is not quite perfect, people manage and the city has also become a common site for refugees. 
alarsso

Syria after Assad: Heading toward a Hard Fall? - The Washington Institute for Near East... - 0 views

www.washingtoninstitute.org/...sad-heading-toward-a-hard-fall

syria post-assad heading institute outcome

shared by alarsso on 16 Feb 15 - No Cached
  • To a certain extent, the nature of the transition will be i
  • nfluenced by how the Assad regime leaves the scene.
  • forces retain their cohesion
  • ...23 more annotations...
  • control
  • whether the opposition moves to purge regime employees
  • offices are trashed and looted
  • violent power struggle
  • unitary state with a strong central government is unlikely to emerge from the civil war.
  • great challenges exerting control over local leaders who fought the regime
  • ederation of warlords (probably former military and security chiefs) ruling over fiefdoms
  • unitary entity
  • Syrian army
  • opposition will have more time to set up rudimentary institutions
  • provide humanitarian aid for Syrian refugees
  • likely be accompanied by a new round of massacres and ethnic cleansing
  • Sunni extremist groups.
  • new opportunities for external actors, especially Iran and Hizballah, both of which would seek allies among the former regime's Alawite security elite
  • Iran's
  • remain a major player in the Levant
  • hostile to Iran and more closely aligned with Turkey, Egypt, or Saudi Arabia.
  • revolutionary Sunni government in Syria
  • Iran and Hizballah
  • support to former regime
  • Washington should continue with preparations to contain spillover from the conflict
  • enabling it to collect tariffs on imports
  • Washington will need to know as much as it can about the key players,
csherro2

Syria truce a 'glimmer of hope', Assad says - 0 views

www.abc.net.au/...7212572

Syria war revolution politics

shared by csherro2 on 01 Mar 16 - No Cached
  • csherro2 on 01 Mar 16
     
    Posted March 02, 2016 01:32:49 Syrian President Bashar al-Assad has described the cessation of hostilities in force since Saturday as a "glimmer of hope" while offering rebel forces "full amnesty" if they hand over their weapons. Speaking in an interview with Germany's ARD network, Mr Assad also accused the opposition of violating the agreement intended to halt nearly five years of fighting.
alarsso

SNC chief reassures minorities on post-Assad Syria - Your Middle East - 0 views

www.yourmiddleeast.com/...rities-on-postassad-syria_8251

syria post-assad minorities 2012

shared by alarsso on 09 Feb 15 - No Cached
  • "A future Syria will be pluralist, middle-class and democratic," Abdel Basset Sayda told German radio and television network Deutsche Welle.
  • We want to reassure all people,"
  • We see this as a national necessity."
  • ...8 more annotations...
  • Syria's Muslim Brotherhood, a key opponent of Assad's
  • regime
  • "There will be no room for ideological, nationalist or religious extremism."
  • vetoed a UN Security Council resolution on Syria
  • Western nations calling for sanctions against Assad,
  • The Syrian National Council
  • "We have a concrete plan and keep contact with all opposition groups inside and outside Syria.
  • Syrian forces launched an all-out assault on opposition strongholds in Damascus Friday, a day after rebels seized crossings on the Iraqi and Turkish borders on the 16-month conflict's deadliest day so far.
alarsso

Syria's beleaguered Christians - BBC News - 0 views

www.bbc.com/...world-middle-east-22270455

syria civil war middle east religion Christians

shared by alarsso on 15 Apr 15 - No Cached
  • Christian men have been fighting in the multi-layered conflict - either alongside Kurdish militias or alongside relatively secular rebel factions, or government forces.
  • 10% of Syria's 22 million people.
  • Greek Orthodox Church,
  • ...16 more annotations...
  • Christians have long been among Syria's elite
  • The founder of the Baath Party
  • was a Christian, and Christians rose to senior positions in the party, government and security forces
  • not seen to have any real power compared with their Alawite and Sunni colleagues.
  • large proportion
  • Sunnis also tolerated or supported the Assads,
  • guarantors of stability
  • When pro-democracy protests erupted
  • many Christians were cautious and tried to avoid taking sides.
  • Melkite Greek Catholic Patriarch Gregorios III Laham said last year that more than 1,000 Christians had been killed, entire villages cleared, and dozens of churches and Christian centres damaged or destroyed.
  • This has led some Christians to express support for President Assad,
  • if President Assad is overthrown, Christians will be targeted and communities destroyed as many were in Iraq after the US-led invasion in 2003.
  • concerned by the coming to power of Islamist parties in post-revolutionary Egypt and Tunisia.
  • Other Christians are believed to be assisting the opposition.
  • Syrian National Council, whose leader
  • is from a Christian family.
  • alarsso on 15 Apr 15
     
    Thsi article explores the state of Christians in Syria. Patriarch Gregorios and Bishop Ibrahim add to this discussion.
hkerby2

Everything you need to know about Syrias chemical weapons - The Washington Post - 0 views

www.washingtonpost.com/...-about-syrias-chemical-weapons

chemical weapons Syria all questions answered

shared by hkerby2 on 18 Feb 15 - No Cached
  • hkerby2 on 18 Feb 15
     
    Super helpful link! This website answers many basic as well more in depth questions regarding the chemical weapons in Syria. The questions include but are not limited to the following: what are chemical weapons? Why are chemical weapons so dangerous? Who possesses/has used chemical weapons? How did Bashar al-Assad get them? And what would happen to the weapons stockpiles if the Syrian government collapsed? What is the Obama Administration Proposing?
irede123

Report: Russia withdrawal due to disappointment with Iran and Hezbollah - Middle East -... - 0 views

www.jpost.com/...with-Iran-and-Hezbollah-450254

ISIS russia hezbollah

shared by irede123 on 05 Apr 16 - No Cached
  • irede123 on 05 Apr 16
     
    Russia decided to partially withdrawal its troop from Syria due to Moscow's disappointment over failures by pro-regime Iranian and Hezbollah forces to achieve victories against opposition forces fighting to topple the Assad government.
alarsso

9 questions about Syria you were too embarrassed to ask - The Washington Post - 0 views

www.washingtonpost.com/...ou-were-too-embarrassed-to-ask

syria Assad history civil war current events Middle East

shared by alarsso on 09 Mar 15 - No Cached
  • alarsso on 09 Mar 15
     
    What is Syria? Why the civil war? How did it all go so wrong compared to other countries of the Arab Spring? Why do Russia and Iran still like Syria so much? Why hasn't the US gotten involved? Why are chemical weapons being so heavily differentiated from other regime violent acts?
alarsso

BBC News - Arab uprising: Country by country - Syria - 0 views

www.bbc.com/world-12482309

syria uprising post-assad revolution

shared by alarsso on 16 Feb 15 - No Cached
  • Protests demanding greater freedom and an end to corruption
  • Deraa
  • March 2011.
  • ...19 more annotations...
  • demanding President Bashar al-Assad's resignation.
  • Opposition supporters began to take up arms, first to defend themselves and then to oust loyalist forces from their areas.
  • February 2012,
  • a new constitution
  • dropped an article giving the ruling Baath Party unique status as the "leader of the state and society"
  • denounced it
  • rebels seized control of large parts of the north and east of the country
  • National Coalition
  • Syrian people's "legitimate representative".
  • 2013,
  • shifting in Mr Assad's favour,
  • government
  • recover territory
  • August 2013
  • chemical weapons attack on the outskirts of Damascus
  • destroy Syria's chemical weapons.
  • peace conference in Geneva in January 2014.
  • more than 100,000 people dead
  • millions from their homes.
  • alarsso on 16 Feb 15
     
    Overview of revolts in Syria and where it stands as of December 2013
fcastro2

Syrian aircraft bomb area near captured Jordan crossing | Reuters - 0 views

www.reuters.com/...a-jordan-idUSKBN0MT0RY20150402

jordan crossing ISIS syria war

shared by fcastro2 on 06 Apr 15 - No Cached
  • Syrian military aircraft bombed areas close to its main crossing into Jordan on Thursday, witnesses and a group monitoring the conflict said, hours after insurgents had captured the border post
  • Insurgents fighting the government of President Bashar al-Assad said they had seized the Nasib crossing in southern Syria late on Wednesday, putting most of 370-km (230-mile) border area stretching up to Israel in the hands of the rebels
  • weaken the regime's hold in the south and to increase the areas under our control
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • he al Qaeda-linked Nusra Front also said it had captured the crossing but rival rebels denied this and accused them of looting after the crossing fell into rebel hands.
  • Jordan closed its side of the crossing on Wednesday. A Jordanian source said on Thursday the kingdom had stepped up security and redeployed some troops to the border
  • The Syrian army, which accuses the staunch U.S. ally of harboring rebels on its soil, said the kingdom had deployed its troops inside the crossing after the rebels took control. Amman denies providing training and arms for the insurgents
  • ordan has pressured rebels in the past not to overrun the Nasib crossing so the highway could stay open to trade and traffic with Damascus
  • Nasib, one of Syria's last official border crossings, is now crucial for importing goods into a country hit hard by Western sanctions
  • fcastro2 on 06 Apr 15
     
    Tensions are rising even higher as the Syrian government take actions to regain the crossing to Jordan. This crossing was lost to the rebels not long ago and has closed an important crossing. 
fcastro2

Turkey shuts border crossings as fighting worsens around Syria's Aleppo | Reuters - 0 views

www.reuters.com/...ndonesia-idUSKBN0M71VT20150311

turkey border fighting syria ISIS war

shared by fcastro2 on 25 Mar 15 - No Cached
  • Turkey has closed two border crossings with Syria as a security precaution as fighting around the northern Syrian city of Aleppo intensifies
  • crossings at Oncupinar and Cilvegozu in Turkey's southern Hatay province have been shut to vehicles and individuals crossing from Syria since Monday,
  • "Turkey has some security concerns and it is natural for measures to be taken based on the threat assessment conducted
  • ...4 more annotations...
  • Humanitarian aid will not be affected, the government official said. Syrians with passports are still allowed to cross into Syria
  • Turkey has kept its borders open to refugees since the start of Syria's civil war four years ago, but it has come under criticism for doing too little to keep foreign fighters crossing and joining militant groups including Islamic State
  • divided between government forces and insurgent groups fighting to topple President Bashar al-Assad in a conflict estimated to have killed 200,000 people
  • The closure of the Turkish border posts also comes after an air strike on Sunday
  • fcastro2 on 25 Mar 15
     
    After fighting increased in Syria, Turkey decided to close dow two border crossings that lead to Syria as a precaution. Until this point, Turkey has kept its borders open to Syrian refugees and even so it still has been criticized for doing too little to stop foreign fighters from entering Syria. 
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