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Abdelrahman Ogail

Stochastic optimization - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 0 views

en.wikipedia.org/...Stochastic_search

stochastic-Search Genetic-Algorithms

shared by Abdelrahman Ogail on 30 Jul 09 - Cached
  • Stochastic optimization (SO) methods are optimization algorithms which incorporate probabilistic (random) elements, either in the problem data (the objective function, the constraints, etc.), or in the algorithm itself (through random parameter values, random choices, etc.), or in both [1]. The concept contrasts with the deterministic optimization methods, where the values of the objective function are assumed to be exact, and the computation is completely determined by the values sampled so far.
  • Abdelrahman Ogail on 30 Jul 09
     
    In Artificial Intelligence, Genetic Algorithms belongs to class Stochastic search that is explained below
Abdelrahman Ogail

Belief-Desire-Intention software model - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 0 views

en.wikipedia.org/...esire-Intention_software_model

Artificial-Intelligence BDI-Architecture

shared by Abdelrahman Ogail on 06 Aug 09 - Cached
  • The Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) software model (usually referred to simply, but ambiguously, as BDI) is a software model developed for programming intelligent agents. Superficially characterized by the implementation of an agent's beliefs, desires and intentions, it actually uses these concepts to solve a particular problem in agent programming. In essence, it provides a mechanism for separating the activity of selecting a plan (from a plan library) from the execution of currently active plans. Consequently, BDI agents are able to balance the time spent on deliberating about plans (choosing what to do) and executing those plans (doing it). A third activity, creating the plans in the first place (planning), is not within the scope of the model, and is left to the system designer and programmer.
    • Abdelrahman Ogail
      Abdelrahman Ogail on 06 Aug 09
       
      Stress on the point "BDI Agents spent time about choosing what to do more that how to execute them"
Abdelrahman Ogail

Steady state - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 0 views

en.wikipedia.org/...Steady_state

Artificial-Intelligence Neural-Networks Probability

shared by Abdelrahman Ogail on 07 Aug 09 - Cached
  • A system in a steady state has numerous properties that are unchanging in time. The concept of steady state has relevance in many fields, in particular thermodynamics. Steady state is a more general situation than dynamic equilibrium. If a system is in steady state, then the recently observed behavior of the system will continue into the future. In stochastic systems, the probabilities that various different states will be repeated will remain constant.
Abdelrahman Ogail

Clockwork universe theory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 1 views

en.wikipedia.org/...Clockwork_universe_theory

ALife Artificial-Intelligence

shared by Abdelrahman Ogail on 07 Aug 09 - Cached
  • The Clockwork Universe Theory is a theory, established by Isaac Newton, as to the origins of the universe. A "clockwork universe" can be thought of as being a clock wound up by God and ticking along, as a perfect machine, with its gears governed by the laws of physics. What sets this theory apart from others is the idea that God's only contribution to the universe was to set everything in motion, and from there the laws of science took hold and have governed every sequence of events since that time. This idea was very popular during the Enlightenment, when scientists realized that Newton's laws of motion, including the law of universal gravitation, could explain the behavior of the solar system. A notable exclusion from this theory though is free will, since all things have already been set in motion and are just parts of a predictable machine. Newton feared that this notion of "everything is predetermined" would lead to atheism. This theory was undermined by the second law of thermodynamics ( the total entropy of any isolated thermodynamic system tends to increase over time, approaching a maximum value) and quantum physics with its unpredictable random behavior.
  • The Clockwork Universe Theory is a theory, established by Isaac Newton, as to the origins of the universe. A "clockwork universe" can be thought of as being a clock wound up by God and ticking along, as a perfect machine, with its gears governed by the laws of physics. What sets this theory apart from others is the idea that God's only contribution to the universe was to set everything in motion, and from there the laws of science took hold and have governed every sequence of events since that time. This idea was very popular during the Enlightenment, when scientists realized that Newton's laws of motion, including the law of universal gravitation, could explain the behavior of the solar system. A notable exclusion from this theory though is free will, since all things have already been set in motion and are just parts of a predictable machine. Newton feared that this notion of "everything is predetermined" would lead to atheism. This theory was undermined by the second law of thermodynamics ( the total entropy of any isolated thermodynamic system tends to increase over time, approaching a maximum value) and quantum physics with its unpredictable random behavior.
    • Abdelrahman Ogail
      Abdelrahman Ogail on 07 Aug 09
       
      "God's only contribution to the universe was to set everything in motion, and from there the laws of science took hold and have governed every sequence of events since that time" <-- ???
Islam TeCNo

How to Use the Windiff.exe Utility - 0 views

support.microsoft.com/159214

shared by Islam TeCNo on 17 Jun 09 - Cached
  • This article describes how to use the Windiff.exe utility, a tool that graphically compares the contents of two ASCII files, or the contents of two folders that contain ASCII files, to verify whether they are the same. The file byte count and the creation date are not reliable indications.
    • Abdelrahman Ogail
      Abdelrahman Ogail on 17 Jun 09
       
      This is pretty useful when comparing 2 versions of code you wrote before
    • Islam TeCNo
      Islam TeCNo on 17 Jun 09
       
      I think TortoiseSVN come with a tool for comparing files and i expect it will be better :D:D ......Thanks ZiKaS
Ahmed Mansour

Beginner To Advanced PHP Programming Tutorials - 0 views

www.goodphptutorials.com

PHP Tutorials

shared by Ahmed Mansour on 15 Jun 09 - Cached
Ahmed One liked it
  • Ahmed Mansour on 15 Jun 09
     
    I think it's only advanced .. not beginner :D
Abdelrahman Ogail

SOAP - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 0 views

en.wikipedia.org/SOAP

Web-Services Web Development

shared by Abdelrahman Ogail on 05 Jul 09 - Cached
  • SOAP, originally defined as Simple Object Access Protocol, is a protocol specification for exchanging structured information in the implementation of Web Services in computer networks. It relies on Extensible Markup Language (XML) as its message format, and usually relies on other Application Layer protocols (most notably Remote Procedure Call (RPC) and HTTP) for message negotiation and transmission. SOAP can form the foundation layer of a web services protocol stack, providing a basic messaging framework upon which web services can be built.
Islam TeCNo

Neuroplasticity - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 0 views

en.wikipedia.org/...Neuroplasticity

shared by Islam TeCNo on 25 Jun 09 - Cached
  • Neuroplasticity (also referred to as brain plasticity, cortical plasticity or cortical re-mapping) is the changing of neurons and the organization of their networks and so their function by experience. This idea was first proposed in 1892 by Santiago Ramón y Cajal the proposer of the neuron doctrine though the idea was largely neglected for the next fifty years.[1] The first person to use the term neural plasticity appears to have been the Polish neuroscientist Jerzy Konorski.[2]
    • Abdelrahman Ogail
      Abdelrahman Ogail on 25 Jun 09
       
      This is why when a person thinks more he/she be more smarter!
    • Islam TeCNo
      Islam TeCNo on 25 Jun 09
       
      3azeem .....bas deh mesh 7agat related l CS ya Zi3'az
    • Abdelrahman Ogail
      Abdelrahman Ogail on 25 Jun 09
       
      How said that? It's related to Artificial Neural Networks that require understanding of actual Human Neurons. BTW, plasticity principle is used in Games AI where the Controlled-AI determines if it forgot what happened or still remember it and seeks to revenge
    • Islam TeCNo
      Islam TeCNo on 25 Jun 09
       
      oooooooooh ........ 3'reaaaaaat
Hassan Ibraheem

Const-Correctness in C++ - 0 views

www.possibility.com/...const.html

c++ programming const

shared by Hassan Ibraheem on 05 Jul 09 - Cached
  • Hassan Ibraheem on 05 Jul 09
     
    "While it is true that using the object-oriented features of C++ requires more thought (and hence, more opportunities to make mistakes), the language provides features that can help you create more robust and bug-free applications. One of these features is const, the use of which I will address in this article. "
Islam TeCNo

Design and Analysis of Computer Algorithms - 0 views

www.personal.kent.edu/...algorithm.html

shared by Islam TeCNo on 09 Jun 09 - Cached
Islam TeCNo liked it
  • Dijkstra's Algorithm
    • Islam TeCNo
      Islam TeCNo on 09 Jun 09
       
      Algorithm for finding shortest path is graph
  • Huffman's Codes
    • Islam TeCNo
      Islam TeCNo on 09 Jun 09
       
      used in data compression
  • Ahmed Mansour on 09 Jun 09
     
    recommended !! :D Mathematics for Algorithmic Sets Functions and Relations Vectors and Matrices Linear Inequalities and Linear Equations Greedy Algorithms Knapsack Problem o O-I Knapsack o Fractional Knapsack * Activity Selection Problem * Huffman's Codes * Minimum Spanning Tree * Kruskal's Algorithm * Prim's Algorithm * Dijkstra's Algorithm Divide & Conquer Algorithms Dynamic Programming Algorithms * Knapsack Problem DP Solution * Activity Selection Problem DP Solution Amortized Analysis * Aggregate Method * Accounting Method * Potential Method * Dynamic Table Hash Table Binary Search Tree Graph Algorithms * Breadth First Search (BFS) * Depth First Search (DFS) * Topological Sort * Strongly Connected Components * Euler Tour * Generic Minimum Spanning Tree * Kruskal's Algorithm * Prim's Algorithm * Single Source Shortest Path o Dijkstra's Algorithm o Bellman-Ford Algorithm String Matching * Naïve String Matching * Knuth-Morris-Pratt Algorithm * Boyer-Moore Algorithm Sorting * Bubble Sort * Insertion Sort * Selection Sort * Shell Sort * Heap Sort * Merge Sort * Quick Sort Linear-Time Sorting * Counting Sort * Radix Sort * Bucket Sort Computational Geometry Computational Complexity * Information-Theoretic Argument * Adversary Argument * NP-Completeness And Reduction Approximate Algorithms * Vertex Cover * The Traveling Salesman Problem Linear Programming Appendix 1. Parabola 2. Tangent Codes References hoping to discuss these algorithms with each other !
  • Ahmed Mansour on 09 Jun 09
     
    this web page contain a lot of algorithms discussed with simple ways !! i think these maybe useful Tutorials !! hoping to discuss these algorithms with each other !
  • Islam TeCNo on 09 Jun 09
     
    Ohhhhhhh .....Gammmeeeeeeeeed gedan ya Mans ...thanks
Abdelrahman Ogail

Genetic algorithm - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 0 views

en.wikipedia.org/...Genetic_algorithm

AI Machine-Learning

shared by Abdelrahman Ogail on 23 Jul 09 - Cached
  • A genetic algorithm (GA) is a search technique used in computing to find exact or approximate solutions to optimization and search problems. Genetic algorithms are categorized as global search heuristics. Genetic algorithms are a particular class of evolutionary algorithms (EA) that use techniques inspired by evolutionary biology such as inheritance, mutation, selection, and crossover (also called recombination).
  • A typical genetic algorithm requires: a genetic representation of the solution domain, a fitness function to evaluate the solution domain.
  • Abdelrahman Ogail on 23 Jul 09
     
    GE are primary used in Learning in AI
Islam TeCNo

Introduction to Network Security - 0 views

www.interhack.net/...network-security

security network

shared by Islam TeCNo on 20 Jun 09 - Cached
Ahmed Mansour liked it
  • Islam TeCNo on 20 Jun 09
     
    makala twela feha 7agat 3agbtni we 7agat ma3gbtnesh betbtdi b el kalam 3an ba3d el networks we network protocols then td5ol fe el security beta3thom ....isA a3mel comments keter 3aleha later
Islam TeCNo

Scalability - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 0 views

en.wikipedia.org/Scalability

shared by Islam TeCNo on 16 Jun 09 - Cached
  • In telecommunications and software engineering, scalability is a desirable property of a system, a network, or a process, which indicates its ability to either handle growing amounts of work in a graceful manner, or to be readily enlarged.[1] For example, it can refer to the capability of a system to increase total throughput under an increased load when resources (typically hardware) are added. An analogous meaning is implied when the word is used in a commercial context, where scalability of a company implies that the underlying business model offers the potential for economic growth within the company.
    • Abdelrahman Ogail
      Abdelrahman Ogail on 16 Jun 09
       
      In web applications, the client objects are removed from the server when they are sent to the client browser. This is great for scalability, but it can hurt the user and developer experience
    • Islam TeCNo
      Islam TeCNo on 17 Jun 09
       
      mesh fahem ya Zikas commentak :D. we men el examples 3ala el scalabilty ...Gooogle we Gmail
    • Abdelrahman Ogail
      Abdelrahman Ogail on 17 Jun 09
       
      In Web applications client data are saved on the server (then the server memory is decreased that decreases the scalability - الإستيعاب-) So removing the client data improvers scalability becuase it saves server memory
    • Islam TeCNo
      Islam TeCNo on 17 Jun 09
       
      ahaa :D Keshta.... ya3ni by3mlo delete 3ala el server ba3d lama el client ye3mel download :D hehe
Islam TeCNo

Uniform Resource Identifier - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 0 views

en.wikipedia.org/URI

shared by Islam TeCNo on 16 Jun 09 - Cached
  • In computing, a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) consists of a string of characters used to identify or name a resource on the Internet. Such identification enables interaction with representations of the resource over a network (typically the World Wide Web) using specific protocols. Schemes specifying a specific syntax and associated protocols define each URI. Contents [hide]
    • Abdelrahman Ogail
      Abdelrahman Ogail on 16 Jun 09
       
      I've confused between URL & URI till reading this article !
    • Islam TeCNo
      Islam TeCNo on 17 Jun 09
       
      URL no3 men el URI :D ....ana faker eno kont shoft el 7eta deh fe ketab 3an el HTTP bas nesetha .......Zanks Zikas Again
  • A Uniform Resource Name (URN) functions like a person's name, while a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) resembles that person's street address. The URN defines an item's identity, while the URL provides a method for finding it. The ISBN system for uniquely identifying books provides a typical example of the use of typical URNs. ISBN 0486275574 (urn:isbn:0-486-27557-4) cites unambiguously a specific edition of Shakespeare's play Romeo and Juliet. In order to gain access to this object and read the book, one would need its location: a URL address. A typical URL for this book on a unix-like operating system might look like the file path file:///home/username/RomeoAndJuliet.pdf, identifying the electronic book saved in a local hard disk. So URNs and URLs have complementary purposes.
Khaled Ahmed

GadgetsArabia - 0 views

www.gadgetsarabia.com

shared by Khaled Ahmed on 10 Jun 09 - Cached
Abdelrahman Ogail

Production system - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 0 views

en.wikipedia.org/...Production_system

Artificial-Intelligence Planning Scripting

shared by Abdelrahman Ogail on 09 Aug 09 - Cached
Ahmed One liked it
  • A production system (or production rule system) is a computer program typically used to provide some form of artificial intelligence, which consists primarily of a set of rules about behavior. These rules, termed productions, are a basic representation found useful in AI planning, expert systems and action selection. A production system provides the mechanism necessary to execute productions in order to achieve some goal for the system. Productions consist of two parts: a sensory precondition (or "IF" statement) and an action (or "THEN"). If a production's precondition matches the current state of the world, then the production is said to be triggered. If a production's action is executed, it is said to have fired. A production system also contains a database, sometimes called working memory, which maintains data about current state or knowledge, and a rule interpreter. The rule interpreter must provide a mechanism for prioritizing productions when more than one is triggered.
  • A production system (or production rule system) is a computer program typically used to provide some form of artificial intelligence, which consists primarily of a set of rules about behavior. These rules, termed productions, are a basic representation found useful in AI planning, expert systems and action selection. A production system provides the mechanism necessary to execute productions in order to achieve some goal for the system. Productions consist of two parts: a sensory precondition (or "IF" statement) and an action (or "THEN"). If a production's precondition matches the current state of the world, then the production is said to be triggered. If a production's action is executed, it is said to have fired. A production system also contains a database, sometimes called working memory, which maintains data about current state or knowledge, and a rule interpreter. The rule interpreter must provide a mechanism for prioritizing productions when more than one is triggered.
Abdelrahman Ogail

Common Gateway Interface - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 0 views

en.wikipedia.org/...Common_Gateway_Interface

Web-Programming

shared by Abdelrahman Ogail on 02 Jul 09 - Cached
  • The Common Gateway Interface (CGI) is a standard protocol for interfacing external application software with an information server, commonly a web server. The task of such an information server is to respond to requests (in the case of web servers, requests from client web browsers) by returning output. Each time a request is received, the server analyzes what the request asks for, and returns the appropriate output. The two basic methods for the server to do this are the following: If the request identifies a file stored on disk, then return the contents of that file. If the request identifies an executable command and possibly arguments, then run the command and return its output. CGI defines a standard way of doing the second. It defines how information about the server and the request is passed to the command in the form of arguments and environment variables, and how the command can pass back extra information about the output (such as the type) in the form of headers.
Islam TeCNo

List of network protocols - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 0 views

en.wikipedia.org/...List_of_network_protocols

shared by Islam TeCNo on 08 Jun 09 - Cached
  • IPv4 Internet Protocol version 4
    • Islam TeCNo
      Islam TeCNo on 08 Jun 09
       
      el mafroud dah eli howa asasn e7na bensta5dmo now ...maslan el IP beta3i 217.154.89.2 ....el mafroud dah IPv4 we el mafroud ba2a ba3den netawr we neb2a IPv6 :D
  • IPv6 Internet Protocol version 6
    • Islam TeCNo
      Islam TeCNo on 08 Jun 09
       
      المفروض ده بقي البروتوكول الجديد الي إن شاء الله هيطبق بعيدن
    • Ahmed Mansour
      Ahmed Mansour on 08 Jun 09
       
      Currently there are two types of Internet Protocol (IP) addresses in active use: IP version 4 (IPv4) and IP version 6 (IPv6). IPv4 was initially deployed on 1 January 1983 and is still the most commonly used version. IPv4 addresses are 32-bit numbers often expressed as 4 octets in "dotted decimal" notation (for example, 192.0.2.53). Deployment of the IPv6 protocol began in 1999. IPv6 addresses are 128-bit numbers and are conventionally expressed using hexadecimal strings (for example, 2001:0db8:582:ae33::29). source : http://www.iana.org/numbers/ thanks tecno for your useful comments :) keep it up(Y)
  • TCP Transmission Control Protocol UDP User Datagram Protocol
    • Islam TeCNo
      Islam TeCNo on 08 Jun 09
       
      The Diffrance between TCP and UDP is that TCP check the packet that packets are sent correctly ... but UDP just send and don't check ....so UDP is faster than TCP but TCP check that data is sent correctly .... so UDP is used in applications like Video Streaming (You Tube) and Voice Streaming too
    • Islam TeCNo
      Islam TeCNo on 08 Jun 09
  • ...6 more annotations...
  • Jabber, an instant-messaging protocol
    • Islam TeCNo
      Islam TeCNo on 08 Jun 09
       
      Great protcol .....also Called XMPP and this is the protocol used by Google Talk
    • Islam TeCNo
      Islam TeCNo on 08 Jun 09
       
      port 5222 i think is it's default :D
  • Internet Relay Chat (IRC)
    • Islam TeCNo
      Islam TeCNo on 08 Jun 09
       
      I think this is a very old chat protocol
  • ED2K, A peer-to-peer file sharing protocol
    • Islam TeCNo
      Islam TeCNo on 08 Jun 09
       
      I think this is used by emule P2P program !! A Great P2P File Sharing program
  • FTP, File Transfer Protocol
    • Islam TeCNo
      Islam TeCNo on 08 Jun 09
       
      use port 21 :D
    • Islam TeCNo
      Islam TeCNo on 08 Jun 09
       
      loooooooot of protocols ....any one know simple explainations ?
  • HTTP, HyperText Transfer Protocol
Ahmed Mansour

More Advanced PHP tutorials - 0 views

www.tutorialized.com/...1

PHP Tutorials

shared by Ahmed Mansour on 15 Jun 09 - Cached
  • Ahmed Mansour on 15 Jun 09
     
    it's more advanced php tutorials
Islam TeCNo

Rich Internet application - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 0 views

en.wikipedia.org/...Rich_Internet_application

definition RIA Rich Internet application Web Development

shared by Islam TeCNo on 09 Jun 09 - Cached
  • Rich Internet applications (RIAs) are web applications that have some of the characteristics of desktop applications, typically delivered by way of a proprietary web browser plug-ins or independently via sandboxes or virtual machines[1]. Examples of RIA frameworks include Curl (programming language), Adobe Flash/Adobe Flex/AIR, Java/JavaFX[2], uniPaaS[3] and Microsoft Silverlight[4].
    • Abdelrahman Ogail
      Abdelrahman Ogail on 09 Jun 09
       
      RIA Application Definition. Seems to be applications that could be used to Web and Desktop Development as Java
    • Islam TeCNo
      Islam TeCNo on 09 Jun 09
       
      (Y) .....ana bardo kont 3ayez a3ref eh RIA deh :D
  • Islam TeCNo on 09 Jun 09
     
    Very clear document :D .....need no explanation :D
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