Skip to main content

Home/ Comparative Politics/ Group items tagged Federal

Rss Feed Group items tagged

jacquelinec56

Nigeria History of Modern Medical Services - Flags, Maps, Economy, History, Climate, Na... - 0 views

  •  
    Before the British colonial government set up hospitals for native Nigerians, Catholic Missions not only set up hospitals but were responsible for the training and education of nurses while many doctors were educated in Europe. The British government set up hospitals but initially these hospitals were only for Europeans, It was not until after WWII that the British government tried to expand medical and hospital access to native Nigerians and medical education. After Nigerian independence a federal republic was set up and ownership of health facilities is distributed between the federal government, the states, and local governments. States hold the largest share of hospital beds at 43% and the federal and local governments at 13% and 11% respectively.
smowat

WTF Is Happening in the Oregon Militia Standoff, Explained | Rolling Stone - 0 views

  •  
    "On Saturday night, dozens of white, armed American militants stormed a federal wildlife refuge in Oregon seeking to take a "hard stand" against federal government "tyranny." It's a wild story. Here's what you need to know. "
Kay Bradley

If Bernie Sanders wants free college, he ought to check out Australia - Wharton Magazine - 0 views

  • Higher Education Contribution Scheme
  • comparable with those in-state students are charged at American public colleges and universities
  • The problems with truly free higher education — perpetual students, rising budget deficits, upper middle class welfare — led Australia to replace the system I studied under with HECS 25 years ago.
  • ...14 more annotations...
  • “zero cash up front” for admitted students.
  • with a bigger debt for degrees that tend to lead to higher paying jobs like business and law and less debt for priorities areas like STEM.
  • Australian students only begin to repay their HECS debt when their salary reaches a threshold figure that is close to median household income.
  • This automatic and there is no possibility of non-payment or partial payment. The reason is that the government treats HECS payments as a tax line in your pay check.
  • Repayment schedules are progressive — the more you earn after graduation, the more quickly you pay the government back what you owe for your education. If your salary just meets the threshold, you are “taxed” 4% of your income each year until you pay off all your debt, which could take well over a decade. If you earn twice as much, the annual repayment is 8%
  • If your income never reaches the national median, your education is free and you never have to pay it back.
  • t is a “rort” in Australian vernacular (what Americans might call a scam) if you don’t enter the workforce for other reasons — such as coming from a rich family or having a high income spouse.
  • You can also avoid HECS by leaving Australia because then you don’t have to pay Australian taxes.
  • That is far better than the estimated 40% of American student loans at default risk.
  • there is a big obstacle to overcome.
  • In Australia, you only pay one tax bill, to the federal government, which also runs higher education. The financing of higher education is a fully federal responsibility. In the U.S., we pay federal and state taxes, and public universities are run by states not by Washington.
  • The U.S. is unique in having a vibrant private not-for-profit higher education sector sitting alongside the public colleges and universities. One big difference: the privates don’t receive any direct state or federal funding. As a result, they tend to rely more heavily on tuition than the public ones do.
  • The clear ethos is that the most talented students should be able to get an Ivy League education, not just those with the ability to pay.
  • Charge the full tuition price to those who can afford it. Offer very generous f
Kay Bradley

Bonds May Be Having Their Worst Year Yet - The New York Times - 0 views

  •  
    Why do bonds suffer when interest rates rise? Is it still a good idea for the Federal Reserve Bank to raise interest rates? Why or why not? Good for who? These are all examples of questions that revolve around political economy.
Kay Bradley

Africa's Scramble for Europe - The New York Times - 0 views

  • But mostly Calais highlights two major differences between the immigration issue in America and Europe, two ways in which migration — from Africa, above all — is poised to divide and reshape the European continent in ways that go far beyond anything the United States is likely to experience.
  • it poses a major dilemma for the European Union, which allows free movement across its internal borders, but which is composed of nation-states that still want sovereignty over their respective immigration policies.
  • America has a mild version of this tension: Witness the recent debate over “sanctuary cities,” or state-federal conflicts over immigration enforcement.
  • ...13 more annotations...
  • Witness the recent debate over “sanctuary cities,” or state-federal conflicts over immigration enforcement.
    • Kay Bradley
       
      Discuss sanctuary cities in US, murder of San Francisco woman by illegal immigrant this summer, etc.
  • the desire for real national control over immigration policy may be as dangerous to the E.U. project in the long run as the already-evident folly of expanding the common currency to Greece.
    • Kay Bradley
       
      Two issues to discuss here: EU nations' desire for a an independent immigration policy; expanding common currency to a nation like Greece
  • “Brexit” from the European Union.
  • It’s behind the rise of the National Front in France, and Euroskeptical parties the continent over.
  • Europe’s already-significant north-south divisions
  • the scale of the migration that may be coming to Europe over the next fifty years.
  • 300 million people in the United States and just under 600 million in all the countries to our south
  • In 2050, according to the latest U.N. projections, Europe’s population will have dipped to (an aging) 707 million, while Africa’s population will be 2.4 billion
  • By 2100
  • 4.4 billion Africans
  • Europe’s population will be just 646 million.
  • northward migration – a kind of African “scramble for Europe”
  • Desperation might drive it, but so might rising expectations, the connections forged by growth and globalization.
  •  
    population Africa Europe
Saya McKenna

High-Speed and Intercity Passenger Rail - 0 views

  •  
    Federal Railroad Administration-Home of various reports on High Speed Rail from 1997, 2009.
smowat

KING: Armed militia in Ore. takeover protected by white skin - NY Daily News - 0 views

  •  
    "As an armed militia took over federal buildings and property in Oregon's Malheur National Wildlife Refuge and declared their willingness to "kill or be killed" on Saturday, one of the group's best defenses has received little media coverage - their whiteness. "
arjunk2022

Justice Department Says U.S. Will 'Protect' Texas Women Seeking Abortions - The New Yor... - 2 views

  •  
    The Attorney General seems to condemn the Texas abortion ban. The 1994 Freedom of Access to Clinic Entrances Act is supposed to protect women's rights to abortions. While this statement seems to be a good initial step, it's unclear how much the federal government can/will help challenge the Texas law.
  •  
    It's kind of weird that there are so many opinions about the ban. Some are just so contradictory with the law and misleading, I just wish there was clarification on it.
  •  
    Good point, Julian. We should discuss why the Texas abortion law does not actually declare it to be a crime. . . why is this their strategy?
arjunk2022

Biden Opens New Federal Office for Climate Change, Health and Equity - The New York Times - 7 views

  • wildfire smoke may contribute to premature births, the Biden administration is
  • consequences of climate change and their disproportionate effects on poor communities.
  •  
    This is very cool, good work!
  •  
    This seems kinda based, but we need to stop just studying the problem, and actually start doing something
  •  
    Long overdue
arjunk2022

The Government Says Trans Kids Have Restroom Rights. Schools Are Restricting Them Anywa... - 0 views

  •  
    It seems like the main issue with trans restroom rights is enforcement: "Although the Supreme Court declined in July to consider a challenge to Grimm's victory in a lower federal court, SCOTUS did not set a federal precedent for similar school restroom cases, essentially leaving it up to each presidential administration to enforce Title IX in educational settings."
alisimons

Tax Plans of G.O.P. Favor the Rich Despite Populist Talk - 0 views

  •  
    NEW YORK - Ben Bernanke, the former Federal Reserve chairman appointed by President George W. Bush, recently expressed regret about the government's response to the 2008 financial crisis. He wished some Wall Street executives had gone to jail. Senator Marco Rubio, a Republican presidential candidate, isn't so sure.
Kay Bradley

apcomparative - Mexico includes examples of corporatism - 1 views

  • PRI's close connection (corporatism) with Confederation of Workers)
  • For years under the PRI the Mexican government had corporatism and sponsored the only interest groups including the present interest group and the worker interest group.
  • Civil society in Mexico has grown considerably. At first, the PRI used corporatism to cut off any opposition. By forming specific interest groups and basically requiring one to be a part of the PRI party in order to speak out, the PRI party was more successful in gaining membership and support.
  • ...8 more annotations...
  • Corporatism - A system of representing citizen's interests in the government that contrasts sharply with pluralism. A system of interest representation in which the government allows certain groups privileged access to the policy-making decisions in exchange for loyalty.
  • Confederacion Nacional de Campesinois/National Peasant Confederation (CNC) - One of the main corporatist groups that made up the PRI.
  • (CTM) Confederacion de Trabajadores Mexicanos - One of the main corporatist groups that made up the PRI.
  • The PRI party is an inclusive party that is in the center of the Mexico political line. It has no clear ideology and there are many different ideological positions because of the many factions within the PRI. It was the backbone of the Mexican corporatist system. Also, the PRI provided opportunities for the peasants and workers to enter the political system.
  • In the 1980s, the PRI changed course and adopted neo-liberal economic policies.
  • The Mexican bureaucracy is also heavily entrenched in corporatism in which few interest groups (commonly funded by the federal government to continue to exist) cooperate with policy makers.
  • Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) which was in power from 1927-2000. The PRI is an inclusive party that is in the middle of Mexico's political spectrum. The PRI used corporatism to help perpetuate its rule by providing patronage to groups who were loyal and repressing groups who were not loyal
  • The PRI party did not lose a single presidential election, until Vicente Fox, and only lost a few congressional and gubernatorial races. Some of the elections were honest but overall their intricate system of patron-client relations helped the PRI party decide who would run for office and then mobilize a loyal electorate in order for that person to win.
Stuart Suplick

Millions of Poor Are Left Uncovered by Health Law - NYTimes.com - 1 views

    • Stuart Suplick
       
      For some states, it appears the expansion of Medicaid would be more burdensome than beneficial, perhaps through increases in taxes
  • Poor people excluded from the Medicaid expansion will not be subject to fines for lacking coverage.
  • Mississippi has the largest percentage of poor and uninsured people in the country — 13 percent. Willie Charles Carter, an unemployed 53-year-old whose most recent job was as a maintenance worker at a public school, has had problems with his leg since surgery last year. His income is below Mississippi’s ceiling for Medicaid — which is about $3,000 a year — but he has no dependent children, so he does not qualify. And his income is too low to make him eligible for subsidies on the federal health exchange. “You got to be almost dead before you can get Medicaid in Mississippi,” he said.
  • ...3 more annotations...
    • Stuart Suplick
       
      An example of how healthcare eligibility can be hard to come by in some states--for instance, Mr. Carter cannot qualify for Mississippi's Medicaid because he has no dependents, yet his income isn't high enough to qualify him for subsidies.
  • Dr. Aaron Shirley, a physician who has worked for better health care for blacks in Mississippi, said that the history of segregation and violence against blacks still informs the way people see one another, particularly in the South, making some whites reluctant to support programs that they believe benefit blacks. That is compounded by the country’s rapidly changing demographics, Dr. Geiger said, in which minorities will eventually become a majority, a pattern that has produced a profound cultural unease, particularly when it has collided with economic insecurity. Dr. Shirley said: “If you look at the history of Mississippi, politicians have used race to oppose minimum wage, Head Start, all these social programs. It’s a tactic that appeals to people who would rather suffer themselves than see a black person benefit.” Opponents of the expansion bristled at the suggestion that race had anything to do with their position. State Senator Giles Ward of Mississippi, a Republican, called the idea that race was a factor “preposterous,” and said that with the demographics of the South — large shares of poor people and, in particular, poor blacks — “you can argue pretty much any way you want.”
    • Stuart Suplick
       
      How does one determine the role race plays, consciously or subconsciously, in policy making?
  •  
    https://diigo.com/016s4p I found it particularly shocking how over half the states have rejected the ACA, and so jeopardize the health of "68 percent of poor, uninsured blacks and single mothers. About 60 percent of the country's uninsured working poor are in those states". Many of the states are in the South, and while the states' congressmen insist their opposition is solely economic, and not racial, it raises some serious questions. Also in question is whether cases like Mr. Carter's are anomalies, or whether they will snowball into significant rallying-cries for these 26 states to accept Medicare expansion, or introduce policy to solve eligibility issues.
Stuart Suplick

Texans Stick With Cruz Despite Defeat in Washington - 1 views

  •  
    Although the Texan Senator Ted Cruz has been the focus of much blame for the government shutdown, many Texans appreciate his strong conservative effort in Washington, much less to defund the ACA. Still, moderate and establishment Republicans in Texas disapprove of Cruz, and question his real purpose for stalling the government. While quieted, there a divide within the red state among Republicans. But is this political divide a bigger issue than the divide between Texas and other liberal states?
  •  
    "But the continued support for Mr. Cruz among Texas Republicans illustrates something larger: the cultural and political divide that continues to widen between a red state that President Obama lost by nearly 16 points in the 2012 election and the blue or even purple parts of the country where Mr. Cruz's tone and tactics have caused outrage and consternation"
mstayman

Notes for Pages 2-5 - 3 views

States: organizations that maintain a monopoly of violence over a territory Government: elite or leadership that administers a state Legitimacy: the extent to which a government's authority is rega...

started by mstayman on 08 Sep 11 no follow-up yet
Jenna Mowat

Vocabulary for pages 5-9 - 3 views

failed states unitary states federal states devolution political regimes (democratic, authoritarian) executive head of state head of government legislature unicameral legislatures bicameral legis...

started by Jenna Mowat on 07 Sep 11 no follow-up yet
big_red

Washington Handgun Ban Unconstitutional, Judge Rules - 0 views

  •  
    A US Federal judge struck down washington DC's complete handgun carry ban because it was "unconstitutional". Ruling that the right to own a weapon extended outside the home. This is different than Swiss gun culture because the constitution protects the individual's gun rights here in the states.
Kay Bradley

1876 United States presidential election - Wikipedia - 0 views

  • Democrats conceded the election to Hayes in return for an end to Reconstruction and the withdrawal of federal troops from the South.
  • while in Oregon, one elector was replaced after being declared illegal for being an "elected or appointed official".
  • Compromise of 1877, which awarded all 20 electoral votes to Hayes;
  • ...3 more annotations...
  • five presidential elections in which the person who won the most popular votes did not win the election,
  • To date, it remains the election that recorded the smallest electoral vote victory (185–184), and the election that yielded the highest voter turnout of the eligible voting age population in American history, at 81.8%.
  • Tilden had won 184 electoral votes to Hayes's 165, with 20 votes from four states unresolved: in Florida, Louisiana, and South Carolina, each party reported its candidate had won the state,
1 - 20 of 28 Next ›
Showing 20 items per page