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The ejection fraction is one of the most common parameters used to diagnose heart failure. Ejection fraction refers to the percentage of blood the left ventricle pumps out during the systolic (or contraction) phase.

Diastolic dysfunction is caused when the heart muscles become thicker and stiffer than usual. It's more common in older women with hypertension and diabetes.

Systolic heart failure occurs due to a problem in the heart's contraction (or systolic) phase. It's characterized by stretching and weakening of the left ventricular muscle, due to which the heart pumps out less oxygenated blood to the body.