Ocean Ecosystems Transforming Due to Climate Change - 0 views
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Global climate change is fundamentally disrupting marine ecosystems, especially in the polar oceans, according to two new reviews of scientific research released Thursday in the journal Science.
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Changes in temperature, ocean acidity and volume are affecting species from phytoplankton — the microscopic marine plants at base of the food chain — to polar bears, which may lose 68 percent of their summer habitat by 2100. "Climate change is affecting an enormously wide range of physical and biological aspects of the ocean," said John Bruno, a University of North Carolina marine ecologist and co-author of one of the reviews. "Once you start tweaking temperature, everything changes." Photosynthesis by phytoplankton is down six percent since the 1980s, and the organisms themselves are getting smaller thanks to warmer temperatures, the review noted.
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Less plankton means less food for fish, which in turn means less seafood for human consumption. Phytoplankton also absorb carbon dioxide from the air and sequester it at the seafloor when they die and sink to the bottom of the ocean. Fewer phytoplankton could mean more human carbon dioxide emissions stay in the atmosphere, Bruno said, further exacerbating the climate change problem.
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