As a percentage of gross domestic product, average expenditure on education in 1992-96 was half the level of the mid-1980s. By 1994, primary school enrolment was declining, especially of girls. "Compared with the [IMF] inflation targets drawn up in Washington," observed Oxfam, "the education targets set at Jomtien have been irrelevant. In fact, the design and implementation of structural adjustment in Zambia has destroyed any prospect of the country achieving the Jomtien goals."