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melissa basso

A brief history of the Gay Liberation Front, 1970-73 | libcom.org - 0 views

  • On the 27th June, 1969 as part of its policy of raiding and closing Gay Bars, the New York Police arrived at the Stonewall Inn to rough up the customers
  • riot that spread throughout the West Village,
  • moved to the Alternative University in Greenwich Village where they founded what became the Gay Liberation Front.
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  • 13th October, 1970
  • “Not only did liberationists go to Philadelphia to show solidarity with the black movement, but it was there that Huey Newton as leader of the Panthers, first gave clear support of the Gay Cause, saying that homosexuals were maybe the most oppressed people of American society, and could well be the most revolutionary.”1
  • Psychiatric Establishments wholesale acceptance of Judeo Christian prejudice, Biblical authority, and the use of electric shock/emetic drug programmes on gays and lesbians who did not fit in, or who were found guilty of breaking the law
  • In December the GLF Demands & Principles were agreed on, and in October of ’71 the publication of the GLF Manifesto. “Gay shows the way. In some ways we are already outside the family and we have already, in part at least, rejected the ‘masculine’ or ‘feminine’ role society has designed for us. In a society dominated by the sexist culture it is very difficult, if not impossible, for heterosexual men and women to escape their rigid gender-role structuring and the roles of oppressor and oppressed.
  • In July ’72 the first Gay Pride march left Trafalgar Square and marched to Hyde Park for the Gay Pride Party, with over a thousand in attendance, and accompanied by two thousand police.
  • In February ’72 the women formally split from gay lib.
  • Overwhelmed in numbers and ignored by gay men generally, they decided to work separately.
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    The stories surrounding gay liberation, protests and marches that set the platform for gay and lesbian acceptance. 
Joanna Ng

The Women's Movement in the '70s, Today: 'You've Come a Long Way,' But... - 0 views

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    Alongside the fight for LGBT equality, women were struggling to raise themselves as a whole as well. This article examines women in the workforce within the 1970s and compares it to the females in the working world today.
Joanna Ng

Timeline: Milestones in the American Gay Rights Movement - 1 views

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    PBS provides an extensive timeline that have propelled gay rights within America, beginning with the Society for Human Rights in December 1924 through June 2011 when New York State passed the Marriage Equality Act.
Joanna Ng

Gay and Lesbian Rights - 0 views

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    This website is a textbook alternative, and presents key points as well as a variety of information in the format of a chapter overview and/or summary. In this case, it is pinpointing the expansion of the Civil Rights Movement and the Gay and Lesbian Rights movements which were seeking acceptance and equality for the LGBT community.
Joanna Ng

The Women's Movement - 0 views

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    This site is a brief summary of the women's movement from the 1950s until the late 1970s. It is a great source for gaining quick perspective on the society during that point in time and how women took measures to improve their livelihood.
Janet Thomas

LGBT Rights | American Civil Liberties Union - 0 views

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    The American Civil Liberties Union seeks to "defend and preserve the individual rights and liberties" that are afforded to citizens as outlined in the U.S. Constitution. This page from the ACLU site addresses LGBT rights and seeks to allow LGBT individuals to live "free of discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity". The history of LGBT civil rights cases goes back to 1936 and continues to this day.
Janet Thomas

Why Gender Equality Stalled - NYTimes.com - 0 views

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    This article from the NY Times site talks about the impact that Betty Friedan's book "The Feminine Mystique" had on altering women's perceptions of their gender roles and their place in American society. While the article is a little lengthy the first page alone offers a great deal of history and statistics concerning the gender gap and its persistence in American culture.
Janet Thomas

WHO | What do we mean by "sex" and "gender"? - 0 views

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    This page is from the World Health Organization web site which provides a wealth of information about a vast number of health and welfare issues under the umbrella of the United Nations. Here the definitions of the terms "sex" and "gender" are discussed. These terms can often be confused and I found this page to offer a clear definition of the two terms.
Janet Thomas

Oberlin College LGBT Community History Project - Lesbianism and the Women's Movement (e... - 0 views

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    This page from the Oberlin Collge LGBT Community History site describes the link between the Women's Movement of the early 1970s and lesbianism. The page offers insight into why many women were undergoing huge changes in the way they thought about traditional gender roles and sexuality in the late 60s and early 70s.
erin Garris

Women and the Great Depression - 1 views

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    The gilderlehrman.org site focuses on American History and is "devoted to the improvement of history education". The site provides tools for both teachers and students to enhance the study of American History. This page contains an article by Susan Ware that talks about women and the Great Depression and the important role played by women in helping their families survive through this time and how little they had to work with in order to do so.
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    Another angle to this photo is women's roles during the Great Depression. This website examines exactly that. Men and women saw the Great Depression. For women, there became more pressure to take care of their families as food and money were very hard to come by.
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    This site gives more insight on women's contributions during the Depression. It focuses on the women's roles during that particular time. The women of the depression showed a lot of courage and they were determined to survive during these tough times. Husbands brought home reduced wages and the women did what ever it took at home to take care of the family. An example of this would be when women would buy old bread , eat less and warmed dishes to save on gas.
erin Garris

The Depression and World War II (1930-1945) - 0 views

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    This site also reflects the roles of women during the Depression. However it focuses on the work detail for which women were responsible . When their husbands lost their jobs, women were forced into the labor market. The New Deal was a program created to aid economic recovery and it helped improve women's working conditions. The depression caused more women to have to get jobs than any other time in history. the New Deal also helped women overcome some racial prejudices against non- white women workers.
erin Garris

Gender Roles of the 1930's - 0 views

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    This site discusses gender roles during the Depression. Women no longer stayed home and took care of the house. They now had to go out a get low paying jobs. Women worked just as hard as men however they would only get paid have as much. I assume not being equal caused added stress. The picture that we are studying shows a young lady who's twenty seven years old but she looks twice her age.
erin Garris

Great Depression Pictures - 0 views

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    This site shows many interesting pictures during the Depression. One of my favorites is of a eighteen year old mother with her very young child. The mother is standing behind her baby while the kid is eating something from the ground. After viewing multiple sites on the Great Depression I learned that not everyone struggle during this time. The majority of people who lived during the Depression were poor however there a small percentage of people who were not affected at all. This divided America into two classes: the rich and the poor.
erin Garris

Women and the Great Depression - 0 views

hey

#class #race #women # depression

started by erin Garris on 10 Oct 13 no follow-up yet
erin Garris

Allie Mae Burroughs, Hale County, Alabama - - 0 views

This site gives information on the actual picture. The picture was taken in 1936 during the great depression. The lady in the picture is a twenty seven your old sharecropper from Alabama. The photo...

#white #poor #class #women

started by erin Garris on 10 Oct 13 no follow-up yet
erin Garris

Walker Evans picture of Allie Mae Burroughs in 1936 - 1 views

  • There are some images that are iconic: meaning that a single image becomes the watch-word for a much wider issue. The image of Allie Mae Burroughs in the summer of 1936 in Hale County, Alabama is one such image. Her young face, aged prematurely by the work, anxiety and hardships of life in the Depression in the Deep South in the 1930′s has come to symbolise the struggle of share-croppers and their families.
  • At the end of the cotton and corn season, half the crop was given to the landlord, along with payment for food, fertiliser, seed and medicine. In the year ending 1935, after a years hard toil, the family were $12 in debt. An improvement on 1934, when after another year of toil, the family were $200 in debt. The landlord had the pencil and the book, the education and the power to manipulate if he chose. There was a cycle of poverty that was akin to a revolving door. There was no way out.
  • Evans took 4 images of Allie Mae one Sunday afternoon in August 1936, against the backdrop of the roughly hewn clapper board cabin. Each image is slightly different: the pose remains almost the same, but the pursed lips, the furrowed brow and the tilt of the head, show a mounting discomfort at her image being recorded. At the age of 27, she should have been in the prime of health, but with a hard life, no money and four children to feed and the wider anxiety of their condition, she had aged quickly.
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  • Even though she may fear being no beauty, she has a classical pose; and to me at least has the same psychological ambiguity as the Mona Lisa. Like the Mona Lisa, you would love to know what she is really thinking.
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    This page provides a little of the back story of Allie Mae Burroughs, who became the subject of a depression era iconic portrait by Walker Evans.  The image was taken as a series of four, all very similar in pose, expression and tone.  This page explained briefly on their lives as depression era sharecroppers with no real opportunity to advance from this life of hard work and poverty.  Interestingly enough, Allie Mae is compared to the Mona Lisa, in their absence of expression and hiding of thought.
Heidi Beckles

Let Us Now Trash Famous Authors - 0 views

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    That book," Doug says, caused "a lot of bad blood" in his family. "That writer, Jimmy what's-his-name," never told the family he was writing a book, "exploited" them for profit, and "humiliated" them by laying bare the difficult reality of their lives. While the Burroughs family worked in the field, Agee and Evans stayed back at the house. The family assumed they were simply lazy, but later learned from the book that the "spies" spent their days poking through drawers to record every spool of thread, scrap of fabric, and clip of newsprint they discovered within. That was invading their privacy. This site really helps explain a lot of how people of lower class were manipulated, misused and how people of different skin tones other than black also dealt with the same harsh realities in America. Heidi Beckles
Heidi Beckles

The Most Famous Story We Never Told - 1 views

  • So he goes back again and again to Mills Hill, drawn by a powerful memory that "digs down deep inside your heart and soul." A memory of cotton, of endless labor, of hunger at the end of the day, and of Allie Mae Burroughs, his own mother. We know her too, when she was 27, thanks to Walker Evans: her thin lips, wrinkled forehead, hard jaw, and most of all her eyes, those living eyes that search our own and collapse the span of decades. But one memory, at least, belongs to Burroughs alone: "I can almost hear her calling me home."
  • in the summer of 1936, FORTUNE sent writer Agee and photographer Evans south to document the lives of cotton sharecroppers. Their story was to be part of a series called "Life and Circumstances."
  • A memory of cotton, of endless labor, of hunger at the end of the day, and of Allie Mae Burroughs, his own mother. We know her too, when she was 27, thanks to Walker Evans: her thin lips, wrinkled forehead, hard jaw, and most of all her eyes, those living eyes that search our own and collapse the span of decades.
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    This CNN.money site combines information from CNN plus Fortune and Money magazines. This article by David Whitford of Fortune magazine goes into some detail about the story behind the photograph we are studying this week. The woman in the photo (taken when she was only 27 years old) is identified as Allie Mae Burroughs. Her son, Charles Burroughs recalls what life was like for him and his family during the Depression years.
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    This is an article of the return to Hale County, Alabama to speak with the descendants of Walker Evans' famous depression era portraits.  In this interview with Charles Burroughs, the son of Allie Mae Burroughs, he describes vividly the backdrop to the famous portrait.  The tough life of the depression era is evident in the portrait of 27 year old Allie Mae who looks like hard work has aged her and her eyes well beyond 27 years.
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    The son of Allie Burroughs swore he would never do what he's doing right now (an interview)," says Charles Burroughs. Tall and broad with a bald pate and those familiar gray eyes. Blue shirt, khaki pants, aviator glasses. Thick, flat fingers, grit under the nails. He has come reluctantly to meet me after work at a Waffle House in Tuscaloosa. Still angry after all these years at how a writer and a photographer on assignment for this magazine moved into his house when he was just a boy, 4 years old (he remembers the day), and stayed for weeks, and while the family was working in the fields, snooped around in dresser drawers and under beds, and took notes, and took pictures, and shared what they had taken with all the world. James Agee and Walker Evans gave us a lasting image of the Depression; Charles Burroughs and his family got squat. This site lets you in to the confusion and heart ache of the children of Allie-Mae Burroughs, the psychological aftermath the children has endured in their working situations. It also expresses how Charles Burroughs parents worked and just never had a chance, in a mostly African American area, making some 5.50 and dropping to 5.15 and hour if late to work once, or ever have to leave before the line shuts down for the day, to support a family. It also touches on the editors from Fortune who sent Agee and Evans south wanted them to write about poor whites. That they found their subjects in Hale County was more than a little perverse. Most of the county's people, and an even higher percentage of the poor people, were and are African American. This site also gives incite into the black society in this era i.e. - one Yolanda Robinson, who worked in quality control for a seafood company, is a sharecropper's granddaughter and is black. She won prizes for elocution in high school, joined the Navy, married young, and was widowed in her 20s. On her second stint at the catfish plant, had hoped she'd never have to
Heidi Beckles

Hard Times - 0 views

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    As the Great Depression took hold of America, the people living and migrating seek the American dream i.e. job security, instead they experienced hard times. Their reality was to what was to come was not the reality these additional pictures depict. Ton's of people were homeless, and shacked up as to provide shelter. The images also give the idea as to how landlords capitalized on small spaces housing plenty, sometimes without proper sanitation systems; a tenement situation, divided to house. This site relates to the image of Allie Burroughs, because it shows that much of America experienced this aged look due to the Great Depression, where the government missed other areas that needed economic help; and people in the south to me suffered the most. The tenement situation, also relates to what the Burroughs living situation. In addition, Allie and other women in this era, could have faced more inequality, like rape due to overcrowding. Eric Lott would explain this as the class structures that formed with the onset of the new economic system as a result, rather than a cause, of the historical events that led up to it, hence my other post of labeling Allie Burroughs as a hillbilly. Heidi Beckles
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