Mercury, Mars, Venus and Earth to smash into each other, either one at a time or all at once

by the end of that same 5 billion years the sun will have burned up its hydrogen and in a cooler state will inflate itself

the great "gas giants" of the outer solar system - Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune - are extremely stable in their orbits, so they could remain where they are for a much longer time

the first time that differences in personality have been shown in wild birds

hese analyses are based on the assumption that the animals collected represent a randomly selected and thus representative sample of the population.

Instead it looks as if such trapping studies are selecting the bravest individuals.

The first artificial creature to receive the genomic personality is Rity, a dog-like software character that lives in a virtual 3D world in a PC

In Rity, internal states such as motivation, homeostasis and emotion change according to the incoming perception

The internal control architecture processes incoming sensor information, calculates each value of internal states as its response, and sends the calculated values to the behavior selection module to generate a proper behavior.

One of the most important considerations in quantum computing is the fact that quantum computing scales polynomially, rather than exponentially, as classical computing does

his process would allow us to take problems of great complexity and still solve them on a humanly possible timescale. This could provide the key to modeling complex systems - especially perhaps in biology - that we can’t solve now. This would be a tremendous advantage over classical computing.