Finding power laws has now become de rigueur when analyzing popularity distributions. Long tails have been reported for the frequency of word usage in many languages [2], the number of citations of scientific papers [3], the number of visits (hits) to individual websites in a given time interval [4], and many more.
That depends on what application you are thinking of. For circuit board electronics this will allow integration of micro sized supercapacitors to provide operational power. They will have to be fed by external batteries still, but the close proximity allows for better tailored power demands. They also propose tapping into thermal/mechanical energy to charge the supercaps. In the end, they can provide significant specific power (W/kg) but you still need to upscale the production to cover large areas to also gain high specific energy (Wh/kg). This breakthough is for micro sized applications, not for replacement of large scale energy storage (electric vehicles, satellites) going up to kWh. That said, I know of several studies in supercaps at ESA, but they are still qualifying current relatively old commercial solutions.
The functional principle is similar to ordinary pumped storage plants: when power is needed, water flows into the sphere and drives the turbine thus generating power. If surplus power is available (usually during the night), water can be pumped out of the sphere again, thus effectively charging the storage system.
Scientists anticipate the output would be more than twice the power used to heat the plasma, achieving the ultimate technical milestone: positive net energy from fusion.
NASA and the Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) have successfully demonstrated a new nuclear reactor power system that could enable long-duration crewed missions to the Moon, Mars and destinations beyond.
Main page for kilopower project:
https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/spacetech/kilopower
Charles Stross... this one was interesting, but I think the best essay he has written in the past few months is this one: How low (power) can you go? -- On the subject of ubiquitous computing devices and urban architecture
Less impressive than the headline, since they actually just tested their conversion system at suboptimal conditions on an existing reactor setup, but still since done within six month and with less than 1M€ ...
nice - did not know about it. GTOC on steroids and with loads of cash. concerning this specific challenge and especially the last condition: doesn't this hint towards a flawed design?
In addition to maximizing the total power output there are some constraints on the possible movements:
Each SARJ and BGA is limited to a maximum angular velocity and to a maximum angular acceleration.
Each SAW must produce at least some minimum average power over the orbit (which is different for each SAW).
The sequence of positions must be cyclic, so it can be repeated on the next orbit.
The maximum amount of BGA rotation is not limited, but exceeding a threshold will result in a score penalty.
Some structural members of the SAW mast (called Longerons) have restrictions on how they can be shadowed.
The longerons will expand and contract with exposition to sun (I think whatever the material they are made of). Because you have 4 longerons in a mast, you just need to be carefull that the mast is well balanced, and that the 4 longerons support each other, basically, you need an even number of shadowed longerons, possibly 0 too. I would call this an operational constraint.
The partnership brings together leading IT providers and three of Europe's leading research centres, CERN, EMBL and ESA in order to provide computing capacity and services that elastically meet big science's growing demand for computing power.
Helix Nebula provides an unprecedented opportunity for the global cloud services industry to work closely on the Large Hadron Collider through the large-scale, international ATLAS experiment, as well as with the molecular biology and earth observation. The three flagship use cases will be used to validate the approach and to enable a cost-benefit analysis. Helix Nebula will lead these communities through a two year pilot-phase, during which procurement processes and governance issues for the public/private partnership will be addressed.
This game-changing strategy will boost scientific innovation and bring new discoveries through novel services and products. At the same time, Helix Nebula will ensure valuable scientific data is protected by a secure data layer that is interoperable across all member states. In addition, the pan-European partnership fits in with the Digital Agenda of the European Commission and its strategy for cloud computing on the continent. It will ensure that services comply with Europe's stringent privacy and security regulations and satisfy the many requirements of policy makers, standards bodies, scientific and research communities, industrial suppliers and SMEs.
Initially based on the needs of European big-science, Helix Nebula ultimately paves the way for a Cloud Computing platform that offers a unique resource to governments, businesses and citizens.
"Helix Nebula will lead these communities through a two year pilot-phase, during which procurement processes and governance issues for the public/private partnership will be addressed."
And here I was thinking cloud computing was old news 3 years ago :)
The Robobee takes off without guide wires!
It is still powered via a wire, and the control is done with the help of a VICON system and on an external computer, but this still is an amazing feat!
The way they make this thing is just as impressive. The manufacturing technique is "pop-up book" folding, a method that has been developed by the same group and that allows a two dimensional monolithic MEMS structures to be easily assembled into a 3D structure. I actually put this as an item of the "Technology List 2020" on the wiki this morning.