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Max N.

Milton Bradley Biography (Inventor/Entrepreneur) | Infoplease.com - 1 views

    • Max N.
       
      The very first board game was the, The Checkered Game of Life
  • Board game pioneer who invented The Game of Life
  • American draftsman and lithographer Milton Bradley founded the Milton Bradley Company, famous makers of family board games such as The Game of Life, CandyLand and Twister. Raised in Maine, New Hampshire and Massachusetts, Bradley attended Harvard's Lawrence Scientific School from 1854 to 1856. He then worked as a draftsman for the Wason Car Works, manufacturers of railcars, until 1860, when he founded a lithography business in Springfield, Massachusetts. His initial success with a lithograph of clean-shaven presidential candidate Abraham Lincoln was dashed after Lincoln grew his famous beard, but Bradley moved on with a board game called The Checkered Game of Life. Now called The Game of Life, it is part of a Milton Bradley catalog that includes Yahtzee, Connect 4, Chutes and Ladders, Mouse Trap, Operation and Big Ben jigsaw puzzles. Mr. Bradley was also an advocate of kindergarten programs and early art education, and for many years his company manufactured materials and published books for childhood education. Bradley himself published several books in the field, including Color in Kindergarten (1893) and Water Colors in the Schoolroom (1900).
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  • tra credit: The Milton Bradley Company was acquired by Hasbro, Inc. in 1984... In 1881 Bradley was awarded a patent for a one-armed paper cutting machine... During the last years of his life the press sometimes referred to Bradley as "the Edison of Kindergarten"... Milton Bradley is also the name of a right fielder who plays professional baseball (his full name is MIlton Obelle Bradley, Jr.).
    • Max N.
       
      American draftsman and lithographer Milton Bradley founded the Milton Bradley Company, famous makers of family board games such as The Game of Life, CandyLand and Twister. Read more: Milton Bradley Biography (Inventor/Entrepreneur) | Infoplease.com http://www.infoplease.com/biography/var/miltonbradley.html#ixzz2q1gIjdbN
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    you stole my pic
justin creed

Post-It Notes Were Invented By Accident - 1 views

  • There were actually two accidents that lead to the invention of the Post-It note.  The first was by Spencer Silver.  According to the former Vice President of Technical Operations for 3M Geoff Nicholson (now retired), in 1968, Silver was working at 3M trying to create super strong adhesives for use in the aerospace industry in building planes.  Instead of a super strong adhesive, though, he accidentally managed to create an incredibly weak, pressure sensitive adhesive agent called Acrylate Copolymer Microspheres.
  • It did have two interesting features, though.  The first is that, when stuck to a surface, it can be peeled away without leaving any residue. 
  • Specifically, the acrylic spheres only stick well to surfaces where they are tangent to the surface, thus allowing weak enough adhesion to be able to be peeled easily.  The second big feature is that the adhesive is re-usable, thanks to the fact that the spheres are incredibly strong and resist breaking, dissolving, or melting.   Despite these two notable features, no one, not even Silver himself, could think up a good marketable use for it.  Thus, even with Silver promoting it for five years straight to various 3M employees, the adhesive was more or less shelved. Finally, in 1973, when Geoff Nicholson was made products laboratory manager at 3M, Silver approached him immediately with the adhesive and gave him samples to play with. 
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  • Silver also suggested what he saw as his best idea for what to use the adhesive for, making a bulletin board with the adhesive sprayed on it.  One could then stick pieces of paper to the bulletin board without tacks, tape, or the like.  The paper could subsequently be easily removed without any residue being left on the sheets.  While this was a decent idea, it wasn’t seen as potentially profitable enough as annual bulletin board sales are fairly low.
  • Now enter the second accident by chemical engineer Art Fry.  Besides working at 3M as a Product Development Engineer and being familiar with Silver’s adhesive thanks to attending one of Silver’s seminars on the low-tack adhesive, he also sung in a church choir in St. Paul, Minnesota.
  • One little problem he continually had to deal with was accidentally losing his song page markers in his hymn book while singing, with them falling out of the hymnal.  From this, he eventually had the stroke of genius to use some of Silver’s adhesive to help keep the slips of paper in the hymnal.
  • Fry then suggested to Nicholson and Silver that they were using the adhesive backwards.  Instead of sticking the adhesive to the bulletin board, they should “put it on a piece of paper and then we can stick it to anything.”
  • This initially proved easier said than done, in terms of practical application.  It was easy enough to get the adhesive on the paper, but the early prototypes had the problem that the adhesive would often detach from the paper and stay on the object the paper was stuck to, or, at least, leave some of the adhesive behind in this way.  There was no such problem with the bulletin boards Silver had made because he had specifically made them so that the adhesive would bond better with the board than the paper. Two other 3M employees now entered the scene, Roger Merrill and Henry Courtney.  The two were tasked with coming up with a coating that could be put on the paper to make the adhesive stay bonded to it and not be left behind on whatever the paper was stuck to when it was removed, a task at which they were ultimately successful at achieving. Interestingly, because management at 3M still didn’t think the product would be commercially successful, they more or less shelved it for three years, even though the Post-It notes were extremely popular internally at 3M labs during that span.    Finally, in 1977, 3M began running test sale runs of the Post-It note, then called “Press ‘n Peel”, in a certain areas in four different cities to see if people would buy and use the product.  It turned out, no one much did, which confirmed in the minds of the executives that it wasn’t a good commercial product.
  • Luckily for offices the world over, Nicholson and Joe Ramey, Nicholson’s boss, didn’t feel like giving up yet.  They felt the marketing department had dropped the ball in that they hadn’t given businesses and people samples of the product to use to let them see for themselves how useful the notes could be.  So a year after the initial flop, 3M tried again to introduce the Post-It note to the world, this time giving huge amounts of free sample Post-It note pads away in Boise, Idaho, with the campaign deemed “The Boise Blitz”. 
  • This time, the re-order rate went from almost nothing, in the previous attempt, to 90% of the people and businesses that had received the free samples.  For reference, this was double the best initial rate 3M had ever seen for any other product they’d introduced.  Two years later, the Post-It note was released throughout the United States.
  • So after 5 years of constant rejection for the adhesive and another seven years in development and initial rejection, Post-It notes were finally a hit and have since become a mainstay in offices the world over, today being one of the top five best selling office supply products in the world.
  • Ever wonder why the standard color for Post-It notes is yellow?  It turns out this was kind of an accident as well.  The official story from some at 3M is that it was because it created a “good emotional connection with users” and that it would “contrast well stuck to white paper”.  However, according to Geoff Nicholson there was no such thought given to the color.  The real reason Post-It notes were yellow was simply because the lab next door to where they were working on the Post-It note “had some scrap yellow paper – that’s why they were yellow; and when we went back and said ‘hey guys, you got any more scrap yellow paper?’ they said ‘you want any more go buy it yourself’, and that’s what we did, and that’s why they were yellow. To me it was another one of those incredible accidents. It was not thought out; nobody said they’d better be yellow rather than white because they would blend in – it was a pure accident.”
  • Another obstacle in the initial launch of Post-It notes was that, because it was a completely new type of product, it required the construction of new machinery to mass produce the Post-It note pads, which was initially prohibitively expensive for a product seen by many within 3M as destined for commercial failure.
  • While most Post-It notes only have a thin strip of adhesive, you can buy Post-It notes that are completely covered in the back with the adhesive.  One example of a place this type of note is used is at the U.S. postal service.  These full adhesive backed notes are used there on forwarded mail.
  • Post-It notes received an upgrade in 2003 when 3M launched a new version of the Post-It note with super sticky glue that has better adhesion to vertical surfaces.
  • Spencer Silver holds a total of 22 patents, including the patent for the “low-tack, reusable, pressure sensitive adhesive” used in Post-It notes (Patent#: 3,691,140).  Silver is still working at 3M today in their special adhesives department.  He also has a doctorate in organic chemistry, which he received two years before inventing the adhesive used in Post-It notes.  On the side, his favorite past time is painting using pastels and oils, which he apparently is extremely accomplished at.
  •  Post-It notes are occasionally used in art-work.  One such famous example was in 2008 when Shay Hovell used 12,000 Post-It notes to create a replica of the Mona Lisa.  The most expensive Post-It note art piece was done by R.B. Kitaj and sold for £640 (about $1000) in 2000.
  • Art Fry received his early education in a one room schoolhouse.  He studied chemistry at the University of Minnesota and was hired while still in school at the “Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company”, which later was re-named 3M.  He retired from 3M in the early 1990s.
Max N.

The Checkered Game of Life game board - 0 views

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    the very first made game board
Katie Gatliff

Heroes of Capitalism: Milton Bradley - 1 views

  • began to work on making an American board game similar to an imported game he had played with friends. This new game used a top that spun to indicate the number of squares to move, a first in American board games. Bradley was also the first to redefine the purpose of the board game. In his first game, The Checkered Game of Life, Bradley continued the tradition of using the game to impart moral advice to those playing, but he also defined success in the game by looking at how much wealth each player was able to create and obtain.
  • Bradley found success when he used his troubled business to print copies of this new game. Within two days, he sold all the copies he had printed and sold another 40,000 copies of the game in the first year alone.
  • The Smashed-Up Locomotive, Candy Land, and Battleship.
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    good history behind the invention of the checkered game of life
Max N.

Milton Bradley info - 0 views

  • Bradley grew up in a working-class household in Lowell, Massachusetts.
  • completing high school he found work as a draftsman before enrolling at the Lawrence Scientific School in Cambridge, Massachusetts. In 1856, he secured employment at the Watson Company in Springfield, Massachusetts.
  • company was shuttered during the recession of 1858, he entered business for himself as a mechanical draftsman and patent agent
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  • pursued lithography and in 1860, he set up the first color lithography shop in Springfield, Massachusetts
  • moved forward with an idea he had for a board game which he called The Checkered Game of Life, an early version of what later became The Game of Life.
  • 2004, he was posthumously inducted into the National Toy Hall of Fame along with George Ditomassi of Milton Bradley Company. Through the 20th century the company he founded in 1860, Milton Bradley Company dominated the production of American games, with titles like Candyland, Operation, and Battleship. The company is now a subsidiary of Pawtucket, Rhode Island-based Hasbro.
  • In search of a lucrative alternative project in which to employ his drafting skills, Bradley found inspiration from an imported board game given to him by a friend. Concluding that he could produce and market a similar game to American consumers, Milton Bradley released The Checkered Game of Life in the winter of 1860.
  • Bradley personally sold his first run of several hundred copies in one two-day period in New York; by 1861, consumers had bought over 45,000 copies.
  • While the structure of play used in The Checkered Game of Life differed little from previous board games, Bradley's game embraced a radically different concept of success. Earlier children's games, such as the popular Mansion of Happiness developed in Puritan Massachusetts, were concerned entirely with providing an attractive venue from which to promote moral virtue. But Bradley preferred to define success in secular business terms consistent with America's emerging focus on "the causal relationship between character and wealth." This approach, which depicted life as a quest for accomplishment in which personal virtues provided a means to an end, rather than a point of focus, complemented America's burgeoning fascination with obtaining wealth in the years following the Civil War.
  • Bradley established a set of rules to play croquet in 1866. Bradley was one of the marketers of the zoetrope, a spinning slotted drum with pre-printed images to create the illusion of motion pictures. Though this was not definitely known as of November 2010, Bradley might have been awarded the patent for the one-arm paper cutter.
    • Katie Gatliff
       
      Milton also created the paper cutter and the rules to croquet
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    this is really good information. wish i had looked on Wikipedia sooner
Katie Gatliff

Burten v. Milton Bradley Co. - 0 views

  • "Triumph" is the name of an electronic board game invented by Coleman and Burten which they had hoped to sell to Milton Bradley
  • so they modified the game and resubmitted it to Milton Bradley after signing new disclosure agreements.  Triumph again was rejected by Milton Bradley
  • one year later, appellants discovered that Milton Bradley was marketing a new electronic board game under the name of "Dark Tower".  Because appellants believed that Dark Tower contained significant structural and design similarities to Triumph, they brought this action for trade secret misappropriation.
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  •  At the close of appellants' case, the fraud count was withdrawn, the court directed a verdict for Milton Bradley on the contract claim, and denied without prejudice Milton Bradley's motion for a directed verdict on the misappropriation counts.  After the lengthy trial was concluded, the jury returned a general verdict for Coleman and Burten in the amount of $737,058.10 for royalties based on the Dark Tower profits.  Milton Bradley moved for judgment notwithstanding the verdict, and the district court, after a meticulous survey of the cases, which it recognized posed a "surprisingly close question", set aside the verdict.  We share the court's view of the closeness of the question, but feel constrained to allow the verdict to stand.
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    a really cool story about how Milton Bradley "stole" an idea for a game
Katie Gatliff

Inventions Project - Milton Bradley & the board game by laura erke on Prezi - 2 views

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    This is a pretty good prezi...
Katie Gatliff

Game Inventor's Guidebook: How to Invent and Sell Board Games, Card Games ... - Brian T... - 1 views

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    This has a little bit about his success.
Max N.

▶ Parker Brothers "Game Of Life" commercial 1960s - YouTube - 0 views

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    The board game commercial that Milton Bradley Made
Ben Lews

william wrigley jr - Google Search - 0 views

shared by Ben Lews on 16 Jan 14 - No Cached
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    Some pictures of William and the Board Chairman for Wrigley now
Max N.

picture of milton bradley - 1 views

shared by Max N. on 10 Jan 14 - No Cached
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    Inventor of the first board game
Max N.

Game of Life - Board Game - MB Games - TV Game Commercial - Retro Toys - 1988 - YouTube - 0 views

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    the game of life old commercial
Max N.

Milton Bradley - 0 views

  • Candy Land, Chutes and L
  • adders, Mouse Trap, and Cootie
  • didn’t set out to be a game maker
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  • trained as a draftsman, drawing plans for railroad cars
  • lithography business in 1860.
  • Bradley became a game maker fortuitously
  • Playing a board game with a friend, he had an idea for one of his own.
  • He was an early advocate of the emerging kindergarten movement started by Friedrich Fröbel in Germany. Fröbel used toys, called Fröbel’s gifts, to spark the imagination of young children
  • pastime and Puritanical preparation rolled into one.
  • forty-thousand copies
  • beginning of the Civil War
  • Soldiers got bored. And a reasonably priced game kit was just what they needed.
  • Charitable organizations bought and distributed kits made by Bradley.
  • players moved pieces on a converted checkerboard, with labels added to the squares. Landing on the square labeled “industry” transported a player to the square labeled “wealth”. “Gambling” led to “ruin”; “intemperance” to “poverty.” The game was called the “Checkered Game of Life.”
  • embraced the idea, and supplied blossoming kindergartens with educational toys.
  • he continued to produce educational toys even when it put his business at risk
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    :)
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    Very good info on Milton Bradley
Katie Gatliff

Category:Milton Bradley games - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 1 views

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    This is a list of games Milton has created. It has some that were created by other people but handled by his company (some are after he was dead0
Katie Gatliff

History of Milton Bradley Company - FundingUniverse - 0 views

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    This page is all about the company
Max N.

Milton Bradley, - 0 views

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    INFOOO
Katie Gatliff

Bradley, Milton -- Britannica School - 0 views

  • born on Nov. 8, 1836, in Vienna, Me. As the owner of a lithography shop, he was looking for a profitable product to manufacture when he thought of printing board games. He created one called The Checkered Game of Life in the early 1860s and successfully peddled it all over New York State. He formed the Milton Bradley Company, which produced other games and standardized and popularized croquet in America.
  • (1836–1911), U.S. manufacturer.
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    Britanica
Katie Gatliff

Arts Planner: Student Research Center - powered by EBSCOhost - 0 views

  • "Checkered Game of Life," in 1860. It sold 45,000 copies in the first year. The Milton Bradley Co. continued to dominate the production of games through the 1900s, with more recent, familiar games such as "The Game of Life," "Candyland," "Battleship" and "Operation."
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    This doesn't have very good info but it can work as a site for ebsco
De Anna Jo Powell

Harry Coover obituary | World news | The Guardian - 1 views

  • discovered by accident, the result of the thoroughness of Harry Coover, who has died aged 94.
  • Coover was experimenting with clear plastics to create unbreakable precision gunsights
  • 1951, at Eastman's chemical division in Kingsport, Tennessee,
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  • Fred Joyner, found that the lenses of a refractometer had been glued together
  • appeared on the market in 1958,
  • American medics would spray superglue over open wounds to seal them until the soldiers could be transported to hospitals.
  • Coover was born in Newark, Delaware.
  • chemistry from Hobart College, and gained a master's and PhD from Cornell University, all in upstate New York, then went to work in 1944 for Eastman Kodak
  • 1963, Eastman Kodak provided American Sealants with the formula for the adhesive,
  • Eastman 910.
  • he filed some 460 other patents, many of them hugely successful.
  • served on the board of the chemical company Reilly Industries
  • retired in 2004
  • inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame
  • 2010 Coover received the national medal of technology and innovation from President Barack Obama.
  • Coover's wife, Muriel, died in 2005. He is survived by a daughter, Melinda, and two sons, Harry and Stephen. Melinda told the New York Times: "I think he got a kick out of being Mr Super Glue. Who doesn't love Super Glue?"
  • Harry Wesley Coover, research chemist, born 6 March 1917; died 26 March 2011
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    Good little article about Harry Coover
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