To make one phone, over 2kgs of raw materials are required, including petroleum-based plastics, liquid crystal display materials, brominated flame retardants (BFRs), and toxic heavy metals including cadmium, lead, nickel, mercury, manganese, lithium, zinc, arsenic, antimony, beryllium and copper. If not properly recycled, toxins from these materials can seep from mobile devices into the environment when discarded in landfill, where they can accumulate in the food chain and cause damage to plants, animals and humans