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Contents contributed and discussions participated by jace givens

jace givens

Yellow Fever Vaccine: Student Research Center - powered by EBSCOhost - 0 views

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    What is yellow fever? How can I prevent yellow fever? Who should get yellow fever vaccine? Who should not get yellow fever vaccine? What are the risks from yellow fever vaccine? What if there is a severe reaction? How can I learn more? [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
jace givens

Down Syndrome Facts - National Down Syndrome Society - 0 views

  • Down syndrome occurs when an individual has a full or partial extra copy of chromosome 21. This additional genetic material alters the course of development and causes the characteristics associated with Down syndrome. There are three types of Down syndrome: trisomy 21 (nondisjunction) accounts for 95% of cases, translocation accounts for about 4% and mosaicism accounts for about 1%.    Down syndrome is the most commonly occurring chromosomal condition. One in every 691 babies in the United States is born with Down syndrome. There are more than 400,000 people living with Down syndrome in the United States. Down syndrome occurs in people of all races and economic levels.
  • Down syndrome occurs when an individual has a full or partial extra copy of chromosome 21. This additional genetic material alters the course of development and causes the characteristics associated with Down syndrome.
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    There are three types of Down syndrome: trisomy 21 (nondisjunction) accounts for 95% of cases, translocation accounts for about 4% and mosaicism accounts for about 1%.   
jace givens

Yellow Fever Vaccine: Student Research Center - powered by EBSCOhost - 0 views

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    hat is yellow fever? How can I prevent yellow fever? Who should get yellow fever vaccine? Who should not get yellow fever vaccine? What are the risks from yellow fever vaccine? What if there is a severe reaction? How can I learn more? [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]   Copyright of AHFS Consumer Medication Information is the property of American Society of Health System Pharmacists and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
jace givens

Intermediate Search - 0 views

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    yellow fever   |   An infectious disease, yellow fever infects humans, all species of monkeys, and certain other small mammals. The virus is transmitted from ...
jace givens

CDC - Yellow Fever - 1 views

    • jace givens
       
      VERY HELPFUL!!!!!!
  • Yellow fever is a very rare cause of illness in U.S. travelers. Illness ranges in severity from a self-limited febrile illness to severe liver disease with bleeding. Yellow fever disease is diagnosed based on symptoms, physical findings, laboratory testing, and travel history, including the possibility of exposure to infected mosquitoes. There is no specific treatment for yellow fever; care is based on symptoms. Steps to prevent yellow fever virus infection include using insect repellent, wearing protective clothing, and getting vaccinated.
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    prevention fro yellow fever
jace givens

Yellow Fever Epidemic of 1793 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 1 views

  • During the Yellow Fever Epidemic of 1793 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 5000 or more people were listed in the official register of deaths between August 1 and November 9. The vast majority of them died of yellow fever, making the epidemic in the city of 50,000 people one of the most severe in United States' history. By the end of September, 20,000 people had fled the city. The mortality rate peaked in October, before frost finally killed the mosquitoes and brought an end to the epidemic in November. Doctors tried a variety of treatments, but knew neither the origin of the fever nor that it was transmitted by mosquitoes (which was not verified until the late nineteenth century).
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    how yellow fever started 
jace givens

yellow fever | FactMonster.com - 0 views

  • yellow fever, acute infectious disease endemic in tropical Africa and many areas of South America. Epidemics have extended into subtropical and temperate regions during warm seasons. In 1878 a severe outbreak in the Mississippi Valley killed about 20,000; the last epidemic in the United States occurred in New Orleans in 1905. Yellow fever is caused by a virus transmitted by the bite of the female Aedes aegypti mosquito, which breeds in stagnant water near human habitations. A form of the disease called sylvan or jungle yellow fever is transmitted in tropical jungles by other species of mosquitoes that live in trees. Other primates are susceptible to the disease and function as a reservoir of the virus.
  • At the end of the 19th cent., yellow fever was highly prevalent in the Caribbean, and a way of controlling it had to be found before construction of the Panama Canal could be undertaken. In 1900 an American commission headed by Walter Reed and including James Carroll, Jesse Lazear, and Arístides Agramonte gathered in the U.S. Army's Camp Columbia in Cuba. Through their experiments—one of which severely sickened Carroll and killed Lazear—they proved the theory of C. J. Finlay that yellow fever was a mosquito-borne infection. Within the next few years, W. C. Gorgas, an army physician and sanitation expert, succeeded in controlling the disease in the Panama Canal Zone and other areas in that part of the world by mosquito-eradication measures. The later development of an immunizing vaccine (work on which won Max Theiler a Nobel Prize) and strict quarantine measures against ships, planes, and passengers coming from known or suspected yellow-fever areas further aided control of the disease.
  • Yellow fever begins suddenly after an incubation period of three to five days. In mild cases only fever and headache may be present. The severe form of the disease commences with fever, chills, bleeding into the skin, rapid heartbeat, headache, back pains, and extreme prostration. Nausea, vomiting, and constipation are common. Jaundice usually appears on the second or third day. After the third day the symptoms recede, only to return with increased severity in the final stage, during which there is a marked tendency to hemorrhage internally; the characteristic "coffee ground" vomitus contains blood. The patient then lapses into delirium and coma, often followed by death. During epidemics the fatality rate was often as high as 85%. Although the disease still occurs, it is usually confined to sporadic outbreaks.
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    FACT MONSTER
jace givens

WHO | Yellow fever - 0 views

  • Once contracted, the virus incubates in the body for 3 to 6 days, followed by infection that can occur in one or two phases. The first, "acute", phase usually causes fever, muscle pain with prominent backache, headache, shivers, loss of appetite, and nausea or vomiting. Most patients improve and their symptoms disappear after 3 to 4 days.
  • However, 15% of patients enter a second, more toxic phase within 24 hours of the initial remission. High fever returns and several body systems are affected. The patient rapidly develops jaundice and complains of abdominal pain with vomiting. Bleeding can occur from the mouth, nose, eyes or stomach. Once this happens, blood appears in the vomit and faeces. Kidney function deteriorates. Half of the patients who enter the toxic phase die within 10 to 14 days, the rest recover without significant organ damage.
  • Yellow fever is difficult to diagnose, especially during the early stages. It can be confused with severe malaria, dengue hemorrhagic fever, leptospirosis, viral hepatitis (especially the fulminating forms of hepatitis B and D), other hemorrhagic fevers (Bolivian, Argentine, Venezuelan hemorrhagic fevers and others flavivirus as West Nile, Zika virus etc) and other diseases, as well as poisoning. Blood tests can detect yellow fever antibodies produced in response to the infection. Several other techniques are used to identify the virus in blood specimens or liver tissue collected after death. These tests require highly trained laboratory staff and specialized equipment and materials.
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    signs and symptoms of the yellow fever
jace givens

Yellow Fever Information - The Mount Sinai Hospital - 0 views

  • Fever Headache Muscle pain Backache Chills Loss of appetite Nausea and/or vomiting
  • High fever Abdominal pain Bleeding from the gums, nose, eyes, and/or stomach Vomit that appears black due to blood content Low blood pressure Liver failure, which may lead to jaundice Kidney failure Confusion Seizure Coma
  • SymptomsYellow fever symptoms appear within a week after a person is bitten by an infected mosquito. Typically, acute phase symptoms will persist for 3 to 4 days, and then disappear. A small percentage of people progress into the toxic phase. The toxic phase symptoms begin within 24 hours of the end of the acute phase. Recovery from yellow fever provides lifetime immunity from the disease.
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  • DefinitionYellow fever is a disease carried by female mosquitoes. The species of mosquito that carry yellow fever are native to sub-Saharan Africa and South America, but can also be found in other areas. Although it may be rare in developed countries, yellow fever is endemic in impoverished areas where people cannot afford to get vaccinated.
  • Prevention Vaccination is the best way to prevent yellow fever. The yellow fever vaccine is recommended for people aged 9 months to 59 years who are traveling to or living in areas where the disease is present. Your doctor will help decide if the vaccine is right for you.
jace givens

100 Years: The Rockefeller Foundation | Yellow Fever · Health - 0 views

  • In 1915 the International Health Division (IHD) made the research and eradication of yellow fever and malaria its top priorities. While the organization achieved success in both campaigns, its yellow fever initiative yielded the clearest positive results. Before World War II, the IHD expended half of its budget on yellow fever programs, which culminated in the development of a successful yellow fever vaccine. This funding also contributed to the building of a wide and effective network of research laboratories, as well as the development of important scientific careers through support for individual fellowships. 
  • Mosquito transmission as the cause of yellow fever was first proposed by Carlos Finlay in 1881 and proven by Major Walter Reed of the US Army in 1900. This discovery led General William C. Gorgas to implement anti-mosquito measures while supervising the building of the Panama Canal; earlier attempts at construction had failed partly because of the prevalence of yellow fever among workers.  Once the canal was completed, many public health experts feared that increased international travel and shipping would lead to a sudden expansion of the disease.
  • Concern about the spread of yellow fever prompted Rockefeller Foundation (RF) interest in eradicating yellow fever. After Gorgas’ success in mosquito control in Panama, the RF recruited him in 1916 to chair the newly formed Yellow Fever Commission and to direct its efforts in eradication. Gorgas focused on vector control. He aimed to destroy mosquito breeding grounds in key communities, or “seedbeds,” where the aedes aegypti mosquitoes lived alongside a non-immune population. The first successful IHD campaign in yellow fever eradication took place in Guayaquil, Ecuador.
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  • Health » Yellow Fever Yellow Fever
  • More ambitious projects were to follow. One of the most significant campaigns began in 1923 when the Brazilian Government requested IHD assistance in its efforts to eradicate yellow fever. For the next 17 years the IHD took the lead role in this campaign and even after the Brazilian Government took charge of the program in 1940, the IHD remained involved, contributing major support towards the cost of field work and lab tests
  • Although its early work in yellow fever was concentrated in South America, the IHD began to redirect a large portion of its funding to Africa in 1929. In that year the agency established its first African research laboratory in Lagos, Nigeria, and created the West Africa Yellow Fever Commission
  • His death was mourned by the medical community, who viewed him as a “martyr to science.”[3] Noguchi was one of six RF researchers who died while studying yellow fever, a statistic that almost caused IHD Director Frederick F. Russell to abandon the campaign against the disease. 
  • During World War II, the RF was asked to coordinate the vaccination of American and British military personnel.  However, in 1942, outbreaks of jaundice were reported among some military personnel who had been vaccinated with 17D. In total 8 million doses of vaccine had been administered to soldiers, 80,000 of whom developed jaundice, resulting in 81 deaths. Further research revealed that the cases occurred in soldiers injected with particular batches of the vaccine that had been tainted by infected human blood. Vaccinations were halted until a new vaccine containing no human serum could be produced. [5]
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     great facts about yellow fever
jace givens

yellow fever - YouTube - 1 views

    • jace givens
       
      really good video
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    really good video
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