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garzat5774

How birds fly | Sciencelearn Hub - 0 views

sciencelearn.org.nz/...How-birds-fly

birds

shared by garzat5774 on 03 Dec 14 - No Cached
  • Birds have many physical features, besides wings, that work together to enable them to fly. They need lightweight, streamlined, rigid structures for flight. The four forces of flight – weight, lift, drag and thrust – affect the flight of birds.
  • Flying birds have: lightweight, smooth feathers – this reduces the forces of weight and drag a beak, instead of heavy, bony jaws and teeth – this reduces the force of weight an enlarged breastbone called a sternum for flight muscle attachment – this helps with the force of thrust light bones – a bird’s bones are basically hollow with air sacs and thin, tiny cross pieces to make bones stronger – this reduces the force of weight a rigid skeleton to provide firm attachments for powerful flight muscles – this helps with the force of thrust a streamlined body – this helps reduce the force of drag wings – these enable the force of lift.
  • WingsThe shape of a bird’s wing is important for producing lift. The increased speed over a curved, larger wing area creates a longer path of air. This means the air is moving more quickly over the top surface of the wing, reducing air pressure on the top of the wing and creating lift. Also, the angle of the wing (tilted) deflects air downwards, causing a reaction force in the opposite direction and creating lift.Larger wings produce greater lift than smaller wings. So smaller-winged birds (and planes) need to fly faster to maintain the same lift as those with larger wings.Wing loading tells you how fast a bird or plane must fly to be able to maintain lift: wing loading = weight/wing area (kilograms per square metre).A smaller wing loading number means the bird/plane can fly more slowly while still maintaining lift and is more manoeuvrable.
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  • GlidingWhen a bird is gliding, it doesn’t have to do any work. The wings are held out to the side of the body and do not flap. As the wings move through the air, they are held at a slight angle, which deflects the air downwards and causes a reaction in the opposite direction, which is lift. But there is also drag (air resistance) on the bird’s body, so every now and then, the bird has to tilt forward and go into a slight dive so that it can maintain forward speed.
  • SoaringSoaring flight is a special kind of glide in which the bird flies in a rising air current (called a thermal). Because the air is rising, the bird can maintain its height relative to the ground. The albatross uses this type of soaring to support its multi-year voyages at sea.
  • FlappingBirds’ wings flap with an up-and-down motion. This propels them forward. The entire wingspan has to be at the right angle of attack, which means the wings have to twist (and do so automatically) with each downward stroke to keep aligned with the direction of travel.
  • Birds obtain thrust by using their strong muscles and flapping their wings. Some birds may use gravity (for example, jumping from a tree) to give them forward thrust for flight. Others may use a running take-off from the ground.
  • Different birds have different adaptive features to meet their flight needs: Some birds are small and can manipulate their wings and tail to manoeuvre easily, such as the fantail (pīwakawaka). The hawk, with its large wingspan, is capable of speed and soaring. Gannets and seabirds are streamlined to dive at high speeds into the ocean for fish. Godwits, although small, are equipped to fly long distances.
    • garzat5774
      garzat5774 on 03 Dec 14
       
      birds have some chacteristics that help them fly, birds are light weighted they have light feathers insted of heavy ones that add more weight to their bodys, they also have a beak insted of jaws that also add weight to their boddys, thay have hollow bones in their body that means that the bone has nothing inside it
    • garzat5774
      garzat5774 on 03 Dec 14
       
      birds get ready to fly by flapping their wings, some birds use "gravity" to take of some run and they jump just like an airplane and others jump from a tree and then start flapping their winds
mijares5812

How can airplanes defy the laws of gravity? - 1 views

answers.yahoo.com/...index

airplanes laws gravity

shared by mijares5812 on 31 Oct 14 - No Cached
  • Aircraft do not defy the law of gravity, they produce a sufficient force to overcome gravity, just as you do if you decide to jump in the air.
  • There are four main forces acting on an aircraft, thrust from the engines, drag on the airframe, gravity pulling down and lift generated by the wings.
  • Once the size of the lift is greater than the weight of the plane then gravity will be overcome and the plane will rise. Once cruising altitude is achieved the lift force is balanced with the weight and the aircraft stays at a constant height.
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  • they don't. they use push (from jets, props, whatever) to make them go fast. then the aerodynamics of the plane helps it float on air (like a sheet of paper dropping). then the flaps on the wings help control if it goes up or down. it would be like taping a balloon to a paper airplane. the plane is what glides through the air and the balloon makes it go.
  • when the airplane moves fast enough, the air rushing below the wing pushes up, generating lift. keep it going fast enough, and the wind would keep it up
    • mijares5812
      mijares5812 on 04 Nov 14
       
      AIRPLANES DONT DEFY THE RULES OF GRAVITY  IT JUST JUMP WITH HIGH SPEED TO THE AIR  AND GLIDE 
    • mijares5812
      mijares5812 on 04 Nov 14
       
      THERE ARE FOUR FORCES ON THE AIRPLANES THE LIFT FROM THE WING THE GRAVITY THAT PULLS IT DOWN THRUST THAT PUSHES IT AT A HIGH SPEED THE THRUST COMES FROM THE ENGINES AND THE DRAG WICH DRAGS THE AIRPLANE
    • mijares5812
      mijares5812 on 04 Nov 14
       
      "THEY DONT THEY PUSH AND GO FAST TO MAKE THEM GO FAST AND THEY JUMP THE AERODYNAMICS HELP IT FLOAT (LIKE A SHEET OF PAPER)" (FROM YAHOO ANSWERS n0that5mart) 1
    • mijares5812
      mijares5812 on 04 Nov 14
       
      When a airplane goes fast enough the air going below the wing lifts the wing up . if it the plane keeps going at that speed the wind would lift it up as it glides
Nany Rocha

Gender Focus | The History of Pink for Girls and Blue for Boys - 1 views

www.gender-focus.com/...pink-for-girls

gender pink blue girls boys

shared by Nany Rocha on 31 Oct 14 - No Cached
  • But did you know that pink hasn’t always been a colour for girls, or blue for boys? In Michael Kimmel’s outstanding Manhood in America: A Cultural History, he points out that clothing wasn’t colour-coded in America until the early twentieth century, before which little boys and girls were dressed pretty much identically. Even when people started pushing for more gender-specific children’s clothing, there was a huge debate over which colour to assign to which gender. It started out with boys wearing pink or red because the colours were seen to indicate strength, while girls wore blue because they were “flighty” like the sky. From a 1918 editorial called “Pink or Blue” cited by Kimmel:
    • Nany Rocha
      Nany Rocha on 04 Nov 14
       
      Michael Kimmel pointed out that color coding wasn't used in the vintage america.In fact little boys and little girls used to dress up the same way.But then people wanted to make little kids use specific colored clothes.It started with boys wearing pink or red stuff because the colors where supposed to symbolize strength,while girls used blue because it was soft and dainty (Delicate).
  • So basically the colours changed based on which colour was seen to denote the strength of boys and delicacy of girls, but the idea that those traits are inborn and inalienable did not. It’s not just clothes: walk through the girls’ section of any Toys R Us and you’ll see shelf after shelf of pink, pink, pink. While little girls enjoy some leeway to play with blue toys, many boys get mocked if they want to play with pink “girls’ toys” and sometimes their parents and relatives start panicking that they might even grow up to be (gasp) gay. The fact that parents worry about the sexuality of their kids at all is crazy enough in itself, but that’s for another time. Back to colour-coding.
  • If you think boys and girls just forget about coding gender based on colour once they hit puberty, you’d be wrong. Maricopa County Sheriff Joe Arpaio made headlines when he started forcing male inmates to wear pink underwear to humiliate them. He says it’s a deterrent to reoffending because inmates don’t want to come back and be forced to wear pink again. How screwed up is it that we’ve given a colour so much meaning in less than 100 years that it would make grown male criminals tremble just to think about wearing it?
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  • his is about more than policing convicts, it’s about policing the boundaries of masculinity and reinforcing homophobia. Kimmel states: “Homophobia is more than the irrational fear of homosexuals…[it] is the fear of other men – that other men will unmask us, emasculate us, reveal to us and the world that we do not measure up, are not real men.” The pink and blue shoe keychains might not seem like a big deal, and indeed most people don’t think twice about them. But imagine how much harder it could be for some trans and intersex people to negotiate a restroom ritual like this. Gender-neutral washrooms are a big step towards fixing this issue, but so is realizing that blue-pink colour coding is just the tip of the iceberg of things we use to arbitrarily divide “masculine” from “feminine”.
    • Nany Rocha
      Nany Rocha on 04 Nov 14
       
      Gender stereotypes are something that might not seem important,but actually it is a bit important because it kind of symbolizes what a girl or boy will or would use as clothes or other things.I really think that all this stereotypes are dum because it actually doesn't make sense.
garza6544

How Do Broken Bones Heal? - Health News and Views - Health.com - 0 views

news.health.com/...how-do-broken-bones-heal

bones health

shared by garza6544 on 31 Oct 14 - No Cached
  • Bones are flexible enough to give a bit when physical force is applied, but if that force is too great, they’ll snap like a plastic ruler bent too far. Luckily, they also repair themselves naturally (even better with a cast). Here’s how bones heal. 1. Immediately after a fracture occurs, a blood clot and callus form around it. 2. New “threads” of bone cells start to grow on both sides of the fracture line toward one another. 3. Eventually, the fracture closes up and the callus is absorbed by the new cells. This process may take from six weeks to a year.
mijares5812

How planes work | the science of flight - Explain that Stuff - 0 views

www.explainthatstuff.com/howplaneswork.html

flight science planes stuff

shared by mijares5812 on 31 Oct 14 - No Cached
  • If you've ever watched a jet plane taking off or coming in to land, the first thing you'll have noticed is the noise of the engines. Jet engines, which are long metal tubes burning a continuous rush of fuel and air, are far noisier (and far more powerful) than traditional propeller engines. You might think engines are the key to making a plane fly, but you'd be wrong. Things can fly quite happily without engines, as gliders (planes with no engines), paper planes, and indeed gliding birds readily show us.
    • mijares5812
      mijares5812 on 04 Nov 14
       
      when your on a plane and you hear the engine you big and powerful the only way that  we fly well... no a bunch of other types of planes fly without engines Gliders that have no engine and birds they are no machine they just glide
    • mijares5812
      mijares5812 on 04 Nov 14
       
      the real ways airplanes fly are thanks to the 4 forces the lift from the wings the thrust from the engines the gravity and the drag which  drag the plane to a certain direction
mijares5812

Dynamics of Flight - 0 views

www.grc.nasa.gov/...dynamicsofflight.html

dynamics flight

shared by mijares5812 on 31 Oct 14 - No Cached
  • Airplane wings are shaped to make air move faster over the top of the wing. When air moves faster, the pressure of the air decreases. So the pressure on the top of the wing is less than the pressure on the bottom of the wing. The difference in pressure creates a force on the wing that lifts the wing up into the air.
    • mijares5812
      mijares5812 on 05 Nov 14
       
      the high pressure air bellow the wing pushes the plane up into the sky while the pressure in the top of the Airfoil is low which allows the high pressure to lift the plane up
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