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MicroRNA(miRNA) is a class of endogenous non-coding RNA found in eukaryotes with regulatory functions. They are about 20~25 nt. miRNAs are evolutionally-conserved and have a rich variety of species, they are not translated into proteins, but play an important role in regulating gene expression. miRNA can specifically bind to complementary regions within messenger RNA(mRNA) to promote its degradation or inhibit translation. miRNA is widely involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and cell cycle regulation, and plays a key role in gene experiments.

Lentivirus vector is a gene therapy vector developed on the base of HIV-1 (human immunodeficiency virus type 1). Lentivirus vector is a powerful tool for introduction of exogenous genes, with the advantages of wide infection spectrum, effective infection and long-term stable expression of exogenous genes. Now the lentivirus system has been widely used in various cell lines for gene overexpression, RNA interference, microRNA research, as well as in vivo experiments.