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smithree98

EIA Energy Kids - Hydrogen - 2 views

www.eia.gov/...energy.cfm

hydrogen fuel benifits

shared by smithree98 on 03 Nov 11 - No Cached
  • Like electricity, hydrogen is a secondary source of energy. It stores and carries energy produced from other resources (fossil fuels, water, and biomass).
  • ydrogen is the simplest element. Each atom of hydrogen has only one proton. It is also the most plentiful gas in the universe. Stars like the sun are made primarily of hydrogen. The sun is basically a giant ball of hydrogen and helium gases. In the sun's core, hydrogen atoms combine to form helium atoms. This process — called fusion — gives off radiant energy.
  • Hydrogen gas is so much lighter than air that it rises fast and is quickly ejected from the atmosphere. This is why Hydrogen as a gas (H2) is not found by itself on Earth. It is found only in compound form with other elements. Hydrogen combined with oxygen, is water (H2O). Hydrogen combined with carbon forms different compounds, including methane (CH4), coal, and petroleum.
  • ...6 more annotations...
  • Hydrogen has the highest energy content of any common fuel by weight
  • Like electricity, hydrogen is an energy carrier and must be produced from another substance. hydrogen is not currently widely used, but it has hydrogen as an energy carrier in the future. hydrogen can be produced from a variety of resources (water, fossil fuels, or biomass) and is a byproduct of other chemical processes.
  • Steam reforming is currently the least expensive method of producing hydrogen and accounts for about 95% of the hydrogen produced in the United States. This method is used in industries to separate hydrogen atoms from carbon atoms in methane (CH4). But the steam reforming process results in greenhouse gas emissions that are linked with global warming.1
  • Electrolysis Creates No Emissions but Is Costly Electrolysis is a process that splits hydrogen from water. It results in no emissions, but it is currently an expensive process. New technologies are currently being developed.
  • Hydrogen fuel cells make electricity. They are very efficient, but expensive to build. Small fuel cells can power electric cars. Large fuel cells can provide electricity in remote places with no power lines.
  • Portable fuel cells are being sold to provide longer power for laptop computers, cell phones, and military applications.
  • smithree98 on 23 Oct 12
     
    tells all about hydrogen
careyeth99

Hydrogen economy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 0 views

en.wikipedia.org/...Hydrogen_economy

hydrogen economy wikipedia free encyclopedia

shared by careyeth99 on 14 Mar 13 - Cached
  • careyeth99 on 14 Mar 13
     
    "The hydrogen economy is a proposed system of delivering energy using hydrogen. The term hydrogen economy was coined by John Bockris during a talk he gave in 1970 at General Motors (GM) Technical Center.[1] hydrogen advocates promote hydrogen as a hydrogen fuel for motive power[2] (including cars and boats), the energy needs of buildings and portable electronics. Free hydrogen does not occur naturally in quantity, but can be generated by steam reformation of hydrocarbons, water electrolysis or by other methods. hydrogen is thus an energy carrier (like a battery), not a primary energy source (like coal). The feasibility of a hydrogen economy depends on issues of electrolysis, energy sourcing, including fossil fuel use, climate change, and sustainable energy generation."
conboyeri98

Fuel cell - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 0 views

en.wikipedia.org/Fuel_cell

fuelcell fuel cell

shared by conboyeri98 on 21 Mar 12 - Cached
  • A fuel cell is a device that converts the chemical energy from a fuel into electricity through a chemical reaction with oxygen or another oxidizing agent.[1] Hydrogen is the most common fuel, but hydrocarbons such as natural gas and alcohols like methanol are sometimes used. Fuel cells are different from batteries in that they require a constant source of fuel and oxygen to run, but they can produce electricity continually for as long as these inputs are supplied
  • A fuel cell is a device that converts the chemical energy from a fuel into electricity through a chemical reaction with oxygen or another oxidizing agent.
  • A fuel cell is a device that converts the chemical energy from a fuel into electricity through a chemical reaction with oxygen or another oxidizing agent
  • ...8 more annotations...
  • A fuel cell is a device that converts the chemical energy from a fuel into electricity through a chemical reaction with oxygen or another oxidizing agent.[1] Hydrogen is the most common fuel, but hydrocarbons such as natural gas and alcohols like methanol are sometimes used. Fuel cells are different from batteries in that they require a constant source of fuel and oxygen to run, but they can produce electricity continually for as long as these inputs are supplied.
  • There are many types of fuel cells, but they all consist of an anode (negative side), a cathode (positive side) and an electrolyte that allows charges to move between the two sides of the fuel cell.
  • The principle of the fuel cell was discovered by German scientist Christian Friedrich Schönbein in 1838
  • Stationary fuel cells are used for commercial, industrial and residential primary and backup power generation. Fuel cells are very useful as power sources in remote locations, such as spacecraft, remote weather stations, large parks, communications centers, rural locations including research stations, and in certain military applications. A fuel cell system running on hydrogen can be compact and lightweight, and have no major moving parts. Because fuel cells have no moving parts and do not involve combustion, in ideal conditions they can achieve up to 99.9999% reliability.[49] This equates to less than one minute of downtime in a six-year period.
  • Although there are currently no Fuel cell vehicles available for commercial sale, over 20 FCEVs prototypes and demonstration cars have been released since 2009. Demonstration models include the Honda FCX Clarity, Toyota FCHV-adv, and Mercedes-Benz F-Cell.[64] As of June 2011 demonstration FCEVs had driven more than 4,800,000 km (3,000,000 mi), with more than 27,000 refuelings.[65]
  • A fuel cell is a device that converts the chemical energy from a fuel into electricity through a chemical reaction with oxygen or another oxidizing agent.[1] Hydrogen is the most common fuel, but hydrocarbons such as natural gas and alcohols like methanol are sometimes used.
  • The fuel cell he made used similar materials to today's phosphoric-acid fuel cell.
  • In 2003, U.S. President George W. Bush proposed the Hydrogen Fuel Initiative (HFI). This aimed at further developing Hydrogen fuel cells and infrastructure technologies with the goal of producing commercial fuel cell vehicles. By 2008, the U.S. had contributed 1 billion dollars to this project
  • collignonaut99 on 08 Mar 13
     
    "A fuel cell is a device that converts the chemical energy from a fuel into electricity through a chemical reaction with oxygen or another oxidizing agent.[1] Hydrogen is the most common fuel, but hydrocarbons such as natural gas and alcohols like methanol are sometimes used. Fuel cells are different from batteries in that they require a constant source of fuel and oxygen to run, but they can produce electricity continually for as long as these inputs are supplied."
  • ...1 more comment...
  • conboyeri98 on 11 Mar 13
     
    Explains what a fuel cell is.
  • olearydev99 on 11 Mar 13
     
    "Individual fuel cells produce relatively small electrical potentials, about 0.7 volts, so cells are "stacked", or placed in series, to increase the voltage and meet an application's requirements.[2] In addition to electricity, fuel cells produce water, heat and, depending on the fuel source, very small amounts of nitrogen dioxide and other emissions. The energy efficiency of a fuel cell is generally between 40-60%, or up to 85% efficient if waste heat is captured for use."
  • ricciardellinick on 11 Mar 13
     
    "A fuel cell is a device that converts the chemical energy from a fuel into electricity through a chemical reaction with oxygen or another oxidizing agent.[1] Hydrogen is the most common fuel, but hydrocarbons such as natural gas and alcohols like methanol are sometimes used."
crandallchr98

Fuel Cell Markets - Advantages & Benefits of Fuel Cell & Hydrogen Technologies - 2 views

www.fuelcellmarkets.com/...5,1,1,663.html

what pollution hydrogen wind how cost potential location sustainable future

shared by crandallchr98 on 03 Nov 11 - Cached
  • Advantages by Application Telecoms CHP Fuel Cell Generators Electric Vehicles - APU's and Range Extenders Fuel Cell Forklifts Marine Power Portable Power
  • Low Emissions – Using hydrogen, PEM fuel cells only emit water at the point of use. Even when using hydrocarbon fuels, fuel cells emit considerably less emissions than other combustion based technologies, this is for two reasons. Firstly their higher efficiency means they require less fuel to generate the same energy and secondly because there is no combustion, there are negligible NOx or SOx emissions and no particulate emissions.
  • Reliability & Maintenance – The only moving parts in fuel cells are involved with water, heat and air management (pumps, blowers, compressors). When compared to internal combustion engines, there are considerably less moving parts and these require less maintenance (no oil changes every 150 hours). Less maintenance means less site visits or trips to the garage and reduced operating costs. Fuel cells can be monitored remotely and any problems dealt with quickly.
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • Few moving parts means all you will ever hear of a fuel cell is either a compressor, blower or pump
  • Hydrogen is the lightest of all gases and disperses very quickly, it is also non-polluting and hazardous to the surrounding environment (unlike gasoline a spillage / leak will not cause an environmental disaster). Hydrogen, like natural gas and petrol, is a fuel and will burn when ignited. Hydrogen is only explosive when it is able to build up in a enclosed space, which is very difficult as it has a habit of escaping (Hydrogen is the smallest of all elements). As long as appropriate safety procedures are followed, as they should with any fuel, Hydrogen is a safe fuel.
  • crandallchr98 on 15 Mar 12
     
    Advantages & Benefits of Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technologies High Efficiency - Like generators and other engines, fuel cells are energy conversion devices - they convert stored energy within a fuel into usable energy. A fuel cell uses an electrochemical reaction to extract energy directly in the form of heat and electricity, both of which can be utilised at the point of generation.
dpurdy

http://ec.europa.eu/research/energy/pdf/hlg_vision_report_en.pdf - 1 views

ec.europa.eu/...hlg_vision_report_en.pdf

hydrogen uses future co2

shared by dpurdy on 26 Oct 12 - No Cached
    • slentzkel99
      slentzkel99 on 26 Oct 12
       
      Report on hydrogen economy hydrogen 
  • dpurdy on 26 Oct 12
     
    Challenges Producing hydrogen in the large quantities necessary for the transport and stationary power markets could become a barrier to progress beyond the initial demonstration phase.  Uses: Fuel cells will be used in a wide range of products, ranging from very small fuel cells in portable devices such as mobile phones and laptops, through mobile applications like cars, delivery vehicles, buses and ships, to heat and power generators in stationary applications in the domestic and industrial sector. Future energy systems will also include improved conventional energy converters running on hydrogen (e.g. internal combustion engines, Stirling engines, and turbines) as well as other energy carriers (e.g. direct heat and electricity from renewable energy, and bio-fuels for transport). 
carrowluk99

Group items matching "hydrogen hydrogen" in title, tags, annotations or url - qmstech2 | Diigo Groups - 0 views

groups.diigo.com/...search

fuel cells potential

shared by carrowluk99 on 24 Oct 12 - No Cached
  • carrowluk99 on 24 Oct 12
     
    if we fix our problems with price and how we make it hydrogen, we have the hydrogen to generate all of our electrical need using fuel cells 
crandallchr98

Hydrogen Fuel Cells - Disadvantages - 0 views

www.columbia.edu/...h-fuel-cell-disadv.html

cells fuel disadvantages what hydrogen cost how potential

shared by crandallchr98 on 15 Mar 12 - No Cached
  • Fuel cells are currently very expensive, but since they have a simple construction, mass production costs would become extremely low. 
  • Prototype fuel cells last only 1/5th as long as would be needed to make fuel cells cost-effective.
  • They are energy losers because it costs more to produce hydrogen than is earned by using hydrogen in fuel cells:  Electricity generated by fuel cells in cars costs thousands of dollars per kilowatt:  This would have to fall by a factor of 10 for fuel cells to become economically viable.
efana1

http://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/pdfs/doe_h2_fuelcell_factsheet.pdf - 3 views

www.hydrogen.energy.gov/...doe_h2_fuelcell_factsheet.pdf

hydrogen potential future how

shared by efana1 on 13 Mar 12 - No Cached
    • efana1
      efana1 on 15 Mar 12
       
      Good overview of the potential uses
  • daleymax98 on 13 Mar 12
     
    Facts about Hydrogen Fuel Cells
dpurdy

A hydrogen fueling station powered by the wind | The Car Tech blog - CNET Reviews - 0 views

reviews.cnet.com/...ng-station-powered-by-the-wind

hydrogen wind sustainable future potential

shared by dpurdy on 04 Feb 12 - No Cached
  • Figuring out an inexpensive and carbon-neutral way to produce an abundant amount of hydrogen will be key to the success of fuel cell vehicles
olearydev99

Hydrogen Fuel - 0 views

www.fueleconomy.gov/...hydrogen.shtml

fuel cell cost

shared by olearydev99 on 19 Mar 12 - No Cached
  • Fuel Cost & Availability. Hydrogen is currently expensive to produce and is only available at a handful of locations, mostly in California. Vehicle Cost & Availability. Fuel cell vehicles are currently far too expensive for most consumers to afford, and they are only available to a few demonstration fleets.
  • olearydev99 on 13 Mar 13
     
    "It is an environmentally friendly fuel that has the potential to dramatically reduce our dependence on imported oil, but several significant challenges must be overcome before it can be widely used."
dpurdy

http://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/pdfs/5011_h2_hydrogen_solar_wind.pdf - 2 views

www.hydrogen.energy.gov/...11_h2_potential_solar_wind.pdf

hydrogen potential solar

shared by dpurdy on 20 Jan 12 - No Cached
  • anonymous on 05 Oct 13
     
    today hindi news,today news talmi,hindi news www.killdo.de.gg
carrowluk99

Group items matching "fuel cells potential" in title, tags, annotations or url - qmstech2 | Diigo Groups - 0 views

groups.diigo.com/...search

fuel cells location

shared by carrowluk99 on 23 Oct 12 - No Cached
  • carrowluk99 on 23 Oct 12
     
    because there is no source, hydrogen is not limited by its location
dpurdy

HowStuffWorks "How Fuel Cells Work" - 1 views

auto.howstuffworks.com/...fuel-cell1.htm

hydrogen future potential uses history

shared by dpurdy on 26 Oct 12 - Cached
  • The fuel cell will compete with many other energy­ conversion devices, including the gas turbine in your city's power plant, the gasoline engine in your car and the battery in your laptop. Combustion engines like the turbine and the gasoline engine burn fuels and use the pressure created by the expansion of the gases to do mechanical work. Batteries convert chemical energy back into electrical energy when needed. Fuel cells should do both tasks more efficiently.
  • Sir William Grove invented the first fuel cell in 1839. Grove knew that water could be split into hydrogen and oxygen by sending an electric current through it (a process called electrolysis). He hypothesized that by reversing the procedure you could produce electricity and water. He created a primitive fuel cell and called it a gas voltaic battery. After experimenting with his new invention, Grove proved his hypothesis. Fifty years later, scientists Ludwig Mond and Charles Langer coined the term fuel cell while attempting to build a practical model to produce electricity.
  • carrowluk99 on 26 Oct 12
     
    " Combustion engines like the turbine and the gasoline engine burn fuels and use the pressure created by the expansion of the gases to do mechanical work. Batteries convert chemical energy back into electrical energy when needed. Fuel cells should do both tasks more efficiently."
geczyluk99

Fuel Cell Vehicles: Challenges - 1 views

www.fueleconomy.gov/...fcv_challenges.shtml

hydrogen cost fuel cell

shared by geczyluk99 on 19 Mar 12 - Cached
  • Fuel cell system costs have decreased significantly over the past several years but are still nearly twice as high as those for internal combustion engines. Likewise, onboard hydrogen storage costs are currently $15–$18/kWh for high-pressure gaseous storage, while the commercialization target is $2/kWh. There is hydrogen to reduce this cost using lower-cost carbon fiber tanks or materials-based storage technologies, such as metal hydrides.
    • dpurdy
      dpurdy on 19 Mar 12
       
      as noted in the graph. the cost has been coming down. If it keeps on dropping it will be a good system in the future.
    • dpurdy
      dpurdy on 19 Mar 12
       
      Just click on the more link. 
  • FCVs will have to offer consumers a viable alternative, especially in terms of performance, durability, and cost, to survive in this ultra-competitive market.
  • dpurdy on 19 Mar 12
     
    Cost per kilowat to generate/
  • anonymous on 05 Oct 13
     
    today hindi news,today news talmi,hindi news www.killdo.de.gg
mcgarrdan98

Geothermal Energy: Construction Impacts - 0 views

teeic.anl.gov/...index.cfm

geothermal pollution

shared by mcgarrdan98 on 12 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • Emissions generated during the construction phase include exhaust from vehicular traffic and construction equipment, fugitive dust from traffic on paved and unpaved roads, and the release of geothermal fluid vapors (especially hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, mercury, arsenic, and boron, if present in the reservoir). Activities such as site clearing and grading, power plant and pipeline system construction, and transmission line construction would have more intense exhaust-related emissions over a period of 2 to 10 years. Impacts would depend upon the amount, duration, location, and characteristics of the emissions and the meteorological conditions (e.g., wind speed and direction, precipitation, and relative humidity).
  • Most impacts to ecological resources (vegetation, wildlife, aquatic biota, special status species, and their habitats) would be low to moderate and localized during the construction phase (although impacts due to noise could be high). Activities such as site clearing and grading, road construction, power plant construction, ancillary facility construction, and vehicle traffic have the potential to affect ecological resources by disturbing habitat, increasing erosion and runoff, and creating noise at the project site. Impacts to vegetation include loss of native species and species diversity; increased risk of invasive species; increased risk of topsoil erosion and seed bank depletion; increased risk of fire; and alteration of water and seed dispersal.
  • Solid and industrial waste would be generated during construction activities. Much of the solid waste would be nonhazardous, consisting of containers and packaging materials, miscellaneous wastes from equipment assembly and presence of construction crews (food wrappers and scraps), and woody vegetation. Industrial wastes would include minor amounts of paints, coatings, and spent solvents. Most of these materials would likely be transported off-site for disposal.
carrowluk99

World_energy_consumption_by_type_2006.png (763×277) - 0 views

about 6.27% of energy is generated by hydrogen fuel cells

potential

started by carrowluk99 on 22 Oct 12 no follow-up yet
dpurdy

The Fuel Cell: Is it Ready? - 0 views

www.buchmann.ca/Article1-Page1.asp

hydrogen future potential cost

shared by dpurdy on 19 Mar 12 - No Cached
  • The fuel cell is being considered as an eventual replacement for the internal combustion engine for cars, trucks and buses. Major car manufacturers have teamed up with fuel cell research centers or are doing their own development. There are plans for mass-producing cars running on fuel cells. Because of the low operating cost of the combustion engine, and some unresolved technical challenges of the fuel cell, however, experts predict that a large scale implementation of the fuel cell to power cars will not occur before 2015, or even 2020.
  • Most fuel cells are still handmade and are used for experimental purposes. Fuel cell promoters remind the public that the cost will come down once the cells are mass-produced and lower cost material are found. While an internal combustion engine requires an investment of $35 to $50 to produce one kilowatt (kW) of power, the equivalent cost in a fuel cells is still a whopping $3,000 to $7,500. The goal is a fuel cell that would cost equal or less than diesel engines.
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