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Contents contributed and discussions participated by Mariano A

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Mariano A

untitled - 1 views

lcweb2.loc.gov/...r

shared by Mariano A on 23 Mar 10 - Cached
  • known as the Gold Coast because Europeans knew the area as the source of gold
    • Mariano A
      Mariano A on 23 Mar 10
       
      area had other valuable commodity apart from slaves
  • initial Portuguese interest in trading for gold, ivory, and pepper
    • Mariano A
      Mariano A on 23 Mar 10
       
      Europeans did not come to this regions specifically looking for slaves. Initially they came for other commodities,
  • suddenly expanded the demand for slaves in the Americas, trade in slaves soon overshadowed gold as the principal export of the area
    • Mariano A
      Mariano A on 23 Mar 10
       
      the establishment of slavery as primary export as is expected; also provides the cause
  • ...9 more annotations...
  • exchange trade goods both for rights to conduct commerce and for slaves whom the chiefs could provide
    • Mariano A
      Mariano A on 23 Mar 10
       
      provides insight into the dynamic of the slave trade
  • slavery was an accepted social institution
  • slavery and slave trading were already firmly entrenched in many African societies before their contact with Europe
    • Mariano A
      Mariano A on 23 Mar 10
       
      explains why slavery rose to dominance so quickly
  • men as well as women captured in local warfare became slaves
    • Mariano A
      Mariano A on 23 Mar 10
       
      explains who were the slaves in Africa at least before contact with Europeans
  • slaves in African communities were often treated as junior members of the society with specific rights, and many were ultimately absorbed into their masters' families as full members
    • Mariano A
      Mariano A on 23 Mar 10
       
      shows how slavery in Africa was not as severe or brutal as slavery in the New World
  • local rulers in West Africa engaged in slaving and received certain advantages from it
  • traditional chiefs in the vicinity of the Gold Coast engaged in wars of expansion for the sole purpose of acquiring slaves for the export market
  • pacify territories that in theory were under Asante control, to exact tribute payments from subordinate kingdoms, and to secure access to trade routes
  • supply of slaves to the Gold Coast was entirely in African hands
Mariano A

African Slave Trade, 1788 - 0 views

www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/slavetrade.htm

shared by Mariano A on 09 Mar 10 - Cached
  • Mariano A on 09 Mar 10
     
    This primary source document is an excerpt from a book written by a European surgeon, describing how Africans lost their freedom and became slaves within the African continent. It offers us a European perspective, thought the author actually appears to be against the slave trade, into the treatment of African natives.
Mariano A

REVOLT - 4 views

web.archive.org/...revolt.htm

shared by Mariano A on 01 Oct 09 - Cached
  • I received much tribute from Shulmanuhaman-ilani of the city of Gardiganni, from Ilu-Adad of the city of Katna, -- silver, gold, lead, vessels of copper, and garments of brightly colored wool, and garments of linen.
    • Mariano A
      Mariano A on 02 Oct 09
       
      (the blue highlights indicate the times the Emperor took certain valued items, either by tribute or by force) I think this was a method of demoralizing any oppostion to his rule. Also without anything of valuable to trade for weaponry or to use to influence other states or leaders, it would be very difficult to mount a rebellion.
  • imperial rule of the Emperor Ashurnasirpal in the seventh century BCE
    • Mariano A
      Mariano A on 02 Oct 09
       
      author
  • In the valor of my heart and with the fury of my weapons I stormed the city.
    • Mariano A
      Mariano A on 02 Oct 09
       
      Tried to enhance his image
Mariano A

Olmec Civilization, Crystalinks - 0 views

www.crystalinks.com/olmec.html

shared by Mariano A on 29 Sep 09 - Cached
  • Those three major Olmec centers are spaced from east to west across the domain so that each center could exploit, control, and provide a distinct set of natural resources valuable to the overall Olmec economy. La Venta, the eastern center, is near the rich estuaries of the coast, and also could have provided cacao, rubber, and salt. San Lorenzo, at the center of the Olmec domain, controlled the vast flood plain area of Coatzacoalcos basin and riverline trade routes.
    • Mariano A
      Mariano A on 29 Sep 09
       
      an example of the environmental mosaic, important for the development of the empire
  • Olmec public-ceremonial buildings were most typically earthen platform mounds, some of which had larger house-like structures built upon them.
  • swampy lowlands punctuated by low hill ridges and volcanoes
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • Altars were actually the thrones of Olmec rulers. The carving on the front of the throne shows the identified ruler sitting in a niche that symbolizes a cave entrance to the supernatural powers of the underworld.
    • Mariano A
      Mariano A on 29 Sep 09
       
      Another example of the ruler being an intermidiary between the people and the gods
  • Olmec Ruler or God connected physical and spiritual worlds
  • The turned down mouth, a feline feature, suggests that the human ruler was aided by a power animal such as a cat, jacquar, traditionally the spirit campanion of shamans and kings.
    • Mariano A
      Mariano A on 29 Sep 09
       
      shows religious connection to environment, more specifically animals
  • such as the fire god, rain god, corn/maize god, and the Feathered Serpent
    • Mariano A
      Mariano A on 29 Sep 09
       
      environmental connection again
  • reoccurring motif of the 'Were-jaguar' can be seen in many statuettes and carvings
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