Biggest Culprit: The Lenders
Most of the blame should be pointed at the mortgage
originators (lenders) for creating these problems. It was the lenders who
ultimately lent funds to people with poor credit and a high risk of default.
They are called government-sponsored enterprises because they initially were formed by the federal government. Fannie Mae is a common name for Federal National Mortgage Assn. in Washington, D.C. Freddie Mac is a common name for Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corp. in McLean, Va.
What do Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac do?
Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac buy mortgages from savings and loans, banks and other lenders to generate more cash for those lenders to make more home loans. Together they hold or guarantee $5.4 trillion of mortgages, about half of the nation's home loans outstanding.
What's the difference between the two?
There's no practical difference in their missions or criteria for buying and guaranteeing loans. Their origins differ: Fannie Mae was created under President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1938 to make sure funds were available in the housing market during tough economic times. It was turned into a publicly traded company in 1968. Freddie Mac was created in 1970 so that Fannie Mae wouldn't have a monopoly on government-backed mortgages.