Ottoman Empire - WWI, Decline & Definition - HISTORY - 0 views
-
The Ottoman Empire was one of the mightiest and longest-lasting dynasties in world history.
-
The chief leader, known as the Sultan, was given absolute religious and political authority over his people.
-
Osman I, a leader of the Turkish tribes in Anatolia, founded the Ottoman Empire around 1299. The term “Ottoman” is derived from Osman’s name, which was “Uthman” in Arabic.
- ...17 more annotations...
-
In 1453, Mehmed II the Conqueror led the Ottoman Turks in seizing the ancient city of Constantinople, the Byzantine Empire’s capital. This put an end to 1,000-year reign of the Byzantine Empire.
-
Sultan Mehmed renamed the city Istanbul, meaning “the city of Islam” and made it the new capital of the Ottoman Empire.
-
The Ottoman Empire reached its peak between 1520 and 1566, during the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent
-
Some of the most popular forms of art included calligraphy, painting, poetry, textiles and carpet weaving, ceramics and music.
-
The Ottomans learned and practiced advanced mathematics, astronomy, philosophy, physics, geography and chemistry.
-
The threat of assassination was always a concern for a Sultan. He relocated every night as a safety measure.
-
the millet system, a community structure that gave minority groups a limited amount of power to control their own affairs while still under Ottoman rule.
-
Starting in the 1600s, the Ottoman Empire began to lose its economic and military dominance to Europe.
-
n 1878, the Congress of Berlin declared the independence of Romania, Serbia and Bulgaria.During the Balkan Wars, which took place in 1912 and 1913, the Ottoman Empire lost nearly all their territories in Europe.
-
At the start of World War I, the Ottoman Empire was already in decline. The Ottoman Turks entered the war in 1914 on the side of the Central Powers (including Germany and Austria-Hungary) and were defeated in 1918.
-
In 1915, Turkish leaders made a plan to massacre Armenians living the Ottoman Empire. Most scholars believe that about 1.5 million Armenians were killed.
-
After ruling for more than 600 years, the Ottoman Turks are often remembered for their powerful military, ethnic diversity, artistic ventures, religious tolerance and architectural marvels.
-
The mighty empire’s influence is still very much alive in the present-day Turkish Republic, a modern, mostly secular nation thought of by many scholars as a continuation of the Ottoman Empire.