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One important step ahead brought by HTML5 is the introduction of new elements which enable the creation of web pages with more explicit semantics, leveraging the traditional usage of the semantically-neutral <div> tag: <article> which represents a blog article, forum post or similar. <aside> which indicates that the content is tangential to the main content of the page, for example ads or similar. <nav> which indicates that such a block gives the main navigation points for a page. <figure> to represent figures on a page <header> to indicate header content <footer> to indicate footer content such as copyright information, additional links, etc.

two technologies that complement HTML5: HTML5 Microdata and RDFa. They are based on the same idea: to use a series of extra attributes to provide a set of machine readable labels which provide the explicit semantics of the HTML content. For example, using such extra attributes, the author of a page could annotate it to indicate that each row in a table represents a certain kind of entity (car, hotel, etc.)

HTML5 Microdata has been proposed by the WHATWG and can be considered as the evolution of microformats.