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Vernon Fowler

html5-boilerplate/css/main.css at master · h5bp/html5-boilerplate · GitHub - 0 views

  • /* * Hide from both screenreaders and browsers: h5bp.com/u */.hidden {    display: none !important;    visibility: hidden;}/* * Hide only visually, but have it available for screenreaders: h5bp.com/v */.visuallyhidden {    border: 0;    clip: rect(0 0 0 0);    height: 1px;    margin: -1px;    overflow: hidden;    padding: 0;    position: absolute;    width: 1px;}/* * Extends the .visuallyhidden class to allow the element to be focusable * when navigated to via the keyboard: h5bp.com/p */.visuallyhidden.focusable:active,.visuallyhidden.focusable:focus {    clip: auto;    height: auto;    margin: 0;    overflow: visible;    position: static;    width: auto;}/* * Hide visually and from screenreaders, but maintain layout */.invisible {    visibility: hidden;}
Vernon Fowler

HTML5 Accessibility Chops: When to use an ARIA role | The Paciello Group Blog - 0 views

  • The situation for new HTML5 elements is different and likely to remain so for some time. It will be years before New HTML5 elements get robust accessibility support implemented across browsers and platforms. This is particularly so for non interactive elements such as the new HTML5 structural elements because  accessibility APIs in general do not have defined roles for many non interactive elements. In this case it is recommended to add the appropriate ARIA roles to elements that are meant to convey meaning but are effectively meaningless due to lack of implemented accessibility support. For example, adding role=navigation to a nav element fills the gaps in support for HTML5 semantics as ARIA  is more robustly  supported by most modern browsers and assistive technology:
  • <nav role=”navigation”>
  • Authors/developers can safely assume that any element that has been around since HTML 4.0 is already accessibility supported in browsers that support accessibility. So they do not need a default implicit role added.
Vernon Fowler

HTML5 Accessibility Chops: section elements | The Paciello Group Blog - 0 views

  • The following table illustrates support and interaction features for a number of structural HTML elements. The information is based on support for these elements by the JAWS screen reader.
  • Recommended ARIA role mappings for HTML5 section elements
  • <header role=”banner”>
  • ...1 more annotation...
  • <nav role=”navigation”>
  •  
    "banner"
Vernon Fowler

WebAIM: "Skip Navigation" Links - 0 views

  • In most cases, this is not necessary. Remember, the purpose of "skip navigation" links is to reduce the clutter of lists of links. Adding more links increases link-clutter.
Vernon Fowler

Customizing the Read More « WordPress Codex - 0 views

  • To customize this text, add the following code to your functions.php file.
  • If you are using a Child Theme, the above code will not work without modification if the parent theme has its own filters setting its own "more" link.
  • The following code is an example of the additional code needed to get the above code to work from a child theme of the parent theme Twenty Eleven. You will need to examine your actual parent theme's code for the correct parameters in the remove_filter() code, they must exactly match the add_filter() parameters used by the parent.
  • ...1 more annotation...
  • If you want to include the title of the post in the more text, use the_title() template tag
    • Vernon Fowler
       
      Already done for you in accessibility-ready themes like twentyseventeen. If unsure, check by either looking for a screen-reader-text span inside the "Continue reading" link; or install the WP Accessibility plugin to confirm under Miscellaneous Accessibility Settings. https://wordpress.org/plugins/wp-accessibility/
  •  
    "Modify the Read More text when using the the_excerpt()"
Vernon Fowler

WebAIM: Creating Accessible Tables - Data Tables - 0 views

  • The summary attribute of the <table> tag may be used to provide a summary of a data table structure (not content). Support for summary varies, but in general, it is screen reader specific (it's not accessible to anyone else) and is not well supported. Additionally, the summary attribute is not part of the HTML5 specification. In general, if a table is so complex that it needs an explanation of how it is structured, it probably is not very accessible and should probably be simplified. For these reasons, we do not recommend the use of summary. If it is used, it must never be used for layout tables.
Vernon Fowler

WebAIM: Creating Accessible Forms - General Form Accessibility - 0 views

  • Screen reader users generally navigate through a form using the Tab key to jump from form control to form control. Associated form labels are read for each form control when the user navigates to them. Any non-label text content between the form controls is usually skipped over. Be sure to include important cues or instructions in associated labels or at the beginning of the form.
Vernon Fowler

The Accessibility of WAI-ARIA · An A List Apart Article - 0 views

  • Pages semantically enriched through WAI-ARIA do not currently validate, but this drawback is acceptable: Common browsers do not mind the additional markup.
  • Some sites currently circumvent the validation problem by adding WAI-ARIA attributes to the source code via a script that is executed when the page loads.
  • in HTML5, WAI-ARIA validates
  • ...1 more annotation...
  • as long as older screen reader/browser combinations incapable of interpreting WAI-ARIA still constitute a significant part of the installed base, web designers who care for accessibility should use WAI-ARIA markup only to enrich their sites. They should not rely on it.
Vernon Fowler

Accessible forms using WCAG 2.0 | Web Usability - 0 views

  • The label element is not used for the following because labels for these elements are provided via the value attribute
  • This technique inserts new content into the DOM immediately following the element that was activated to trigger the script. The triggering element must be a link or a button, and the script must be called from its onclick event. These elements are natively focusable, and their onclick event is device independent. Focus remains on the activated element and the new content, inserted after it, becomes the next thing in both the tab order and screen-reader reading order. Note that this technique works for synchronous updates. For asynchronous updates (sometimes called AJAX), an additional technique is needed to inform the assistive technology that the asynchronous content has been inserted.
Sandra Earl

WebAIM: Accessibility of Rich Internet Applications - 0 views

  • WAI-ARIA (Accessible Rich Internet Applications or ARIA) is a W3C protocol for enhancing and supporting accessibility of scripted and dynamic content.
  • ARIA provides accessible interactive controls (such as tree menus, drag and drop, sliders, sort controls, etc.), content roles for identifying page structure (navigation, search, main content, etc.), areas that can be dynamically updated (called "live regions" in ARIA), better support for keyboard accessibility and interactivity, and much more.
  • accessibility issues with rich internet applications can be characterized as: Providing the semantic structure of page areas and functionality (e.g., navigation, main content, search, etc.) Maintaining accessibility of content that is dynamic and may change within the page (e.g., AJAX content updates) Allowing certain non-focusable page elements to receive keyboard focus (e.g., setting focus to an error message within the page) Providing keyboard and screen reader accessibility with complex widgets and navigation elements (e.g., sliders, menu trees, etc.)
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • WAI-ARIA provides the ability for developers to specify roles for document areas (and many other things).
  • ARIA is being implemented into many scripting libraries (such as jQuery, Dojo, YUI, and GWT). While developers can certainly implement ARIA into their advanced widgets and applications, using ARIA-supported libraries greatly simplifies the process of providing this level of accessibility.
Sandra Earl

YUI Theater - Doug Geoffray: "From the Mouth of a Screenreader" » Yahoo! User... - 0 views

  • he context is important for us on the frontend as we begin to confront the same challenges that desktop software developers have been addressing for many years.
  • Doug been a touchstone for us at YUI in the research and development of our Menu Control, a project that is helping us to lay a foundation for what is possible in terms of DHTML accessibility as YUI evolves.
Vernon Fowler

WebAIM: Keyboard Accessibility - Tabindex - 0 views

  • tabindex="0" and tabindex="-1" have special meaning and provide distinct functionality in HTML. A value of 0 indicates that the element should be placed in the default navigation order. This allows elements that are not natively focusable (such as <div>, <span>, and <p>) to receive keyboard focus. Of course one should generally use links and form controls for all interactive elements, but this does allow other elements to be focusable and trigger interaction.
  • A value of 0 indicates that the element should be placed in the default navigation order. This allows elements that are not natively focusable (such as <div>, <span>, and <p>) to receive keyboard focus.
  • A tabindex="-1" value removes the element from the default navigation flow (i.e., a user cannot tab to it), but it allows it to receive programmatic focus, meaning focus can be set to it from a link or with scripting. This can be very useful for elements that should not be tabbed to, but that may need to have focus set to them. A good example is a modal dialog window - when opened, focus should be set to the dialog so a screen reader will begin reading and the keyboard will begin navigating within the dialog. Because the dialog (probably just a <div> element) is not focusable by default, assigning it tabindex="-1" allows focus to be set to it with scripting when it is presented.
  • ...1 more annotation...
  • A value of -1 can also be useful in complex widgets and menus that utilize arrow keys or other shortcut keys to ensure that only one element within the widget is navigable with the tab key, but still allow focus to be set on other components within the widget.
Vernon Fowler

Using ARIA - 0 views

  • aria-describedby with single or multiple id references
  • aria-label and aria-labelledby have similar behaviour in screen readers and the Accessibility API, but aria-label should be reserved for when there is no visible text on the page to reference or when keeping track of id values would be too difficult.
Vernon Fowler

HTML5 Accessibility: aria-hidden and role="presentation" | Unrepentant - 0 views

  • any user accessing the Accessibility API
  • aria-hidden=”true” + role=”presentation”
    • Vernon Fowler
       
      Use both attributes for cases where browser/OS/screen-reader combinations don't support WAI-ARIA.
Vernon Fowler

Inclusively Hidden | scottohara.me - 0 views

  • sometimes content is for decorative purposes only, and it would be optimal to not announce this content to assistive technology.
  • don’t use aria-hidden on focusable content
  • Purposefully Hidden from Assistive Technology
  • ...1 more annotation...
  • using aria-hidden to hide content specifically from screen readers
  •  
    There are various techniques to visually hide content in our web interfaces, but are you aware of the different effects they have on the accessibility of that content? While it would be nice if there was a single, native, solution for hiding content, there are contextual benefits to the various techniques at our disposal. Since there have been many articles already written about these techniques, over the many years they've been in use, the focus of this article will be to highlight the ones that are most appropriate for modern web development. We won't just look at the code behind each of these techniques, instead we'll focus on why each technique has its place, using practical examples to demonstrate their purposes. But before we talk about how to hide content we should ask ourselves a question… Why are we hiding content?
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