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Contents contributed and discussions participated by aluswah

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shared by aluswah on 26 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • ry. The aim of the present paper is to suggest that during the 19th century Malawi was in fact more, not less, politically centralised than it was in the earlier centuries, and following Alpers to emphasise the crucial role of the ivory trade - elephant hunting - in the political history of Malawi. After
    • aluswah
      aluswah on 26 Apr 23
       
      Malawi was more centralised in the 19th century due to the ivory trade.
  • based on "plunder" and on "conquering" the neighbouring territories. But of course plunder could hardly be achieved without the use of firearms derived from the trade in ivory - for ivory trade and political domination went hand-in-hand, as Alpers implied. Elephant hunting, trade in ivory, access to firearms - if these coalesced even local petty chiefs were soon able to assert their political dominion over local communities -and with local support derived from the redistribution of trade goods, to establish a degree of autonomy from what were at one time centralised kingdoms.
    • aluswah
      aluswah on 26 Apr 23
       
      Elephant hunting, trade in ivory, access to firearms, and local support from redistribution of trade goods enabled local petty chiefs to assert political dominance over local communities.
  • i Journal were deeply implicated in the ivory trade. Both Newitt and Schoffeleers, unlike Alpers, tend to play down the importance of the ivory trade, and almost ignore entirely the crucial significance of firearms that were derived from this trade
    • aluswah
      aluswah on 26 Apr 23
       
      Ivory trade was essential for the development of firearms.
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • he ivory trade in East Central Africa probably goes back to antiquity, and certainly by around 1000AD a complex trading network of African hunters, local chiefs, African or Muslim traders and Asian merchant "capitalists" had been established.
    • aluswah
      aluswah on 26 Apr 23
       
      Ivory trade in East Central Africa dates back to 1000AD.
  • ut it was from the end of the 18th century that the great development of the ivory trade took place in East and Central Africa. There was a marked increase in the demand for ivory in both Europe and the United States - the ivory being used for a wide variety of ornaments and household goods - piano and organ keys, snuff boxes, umbrella handles, chess sets and carved figures - "not to mention the ivory inlaid butts of six-shooters for the
    • aluswah
      aluswah on 26 Apr 23
       
      The 18th century saw an increase in demand for ivory in Europe and the US, used for ornaments and household goods.
  • The Ivory Trade 9 American west" (op. cit.288).
  • Although the Chewa were deeply implicated in the ivory trade, Phiri suggests that it was such ethnic communities as the Bisa, Chikunda and Yao who largely functioned as the itinerant traders. Significantly, while the importation of muzzle-loading guns was important in the development of the ivory trade, there was also an increased demand for iron spears and axes which led to a resurgence of the local iron-industry
    • aluswah
      aluswah on 26 Apr 23
       
      The 18th century saw an increase in demand for ivory in Europe and the US, used for ornaments and household goods.
  • ns on the arms trade (Beachey 1962: 451-53). The impact of the ivory trade - most of the elephant hunting, but not all, being done by armed gangs of men using the imported muzzle-loading guns - was devastating on the elephant population of Central and East Africa. By the end of the 19th century, the ivory trade was all but defunct, even though it has continued to have significance in a limited way until the present decade, although much of the hunting of elephant in Malawi nowadays is illegal.
    • aluswah
      aluswah on 26 Apr 23
       
      The ivory trade had a devastating impact on the elephant population of Central and East Africa, but has since been defunct.
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