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Christen Cowley

Home * National Art Education Association - 0 views

www.arteducators.org

education art education resources Technology

shared by Christen Cowley on 14 Sep 12 - Cached
    • Christen Cowley
      Christen Cowley on 14 Sep 12
       
      This has links to resources, available grants, teaching methods, research and literature, job searches....almost everything related to art education. If it isn't here, there's probably a start to locating it.
Krystal Reno

Kansas Nebraska Act of 1854 | DocsTeach: Documents - 0 views

docsteach.org/...detail

primary-sources

shared by Krystal Reno on 17 Sep 12 - No Cached
  • Krystal Reno on 17 Sep 12
     
    "Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 In 1820, Congress passed the Missouri Compromise, which admitted Missouri into the nation as a slave state and Maine as a free state. The Compromise established the latitude 36º30' N. as the dividing line for slave and free states. The Kansas-Nebraska Act overturned the Compromise. In the early 1850s, Congress considered how to incorporate the territories of Kansas and Nebraska into the nation. Slavery had become a divisive issue, and it was decided that each territory would have the right to vote on whether or not slavery would be allowed within its borders. This method was called "popular sovereignty" and led to bloody conflicts between antislavery and proslavery settlers"
matt swango

Sweet Search - 1 views

www.sweetsearch.com

searchengine education resources

shared by matt swango on 26 Jan 12 - Cached
  • matt swango on 26 Jan 12
     
    learning tools
matt swango

How to Avoid an IRS Audit - Yahoo! Finance - 0 views

finance.yahoo.com/...avoid-irs-audit-162008144.html

taxes audit finance

shared by matt swango on 25 Jan 12 - No Cached
  • Tax season is upon us, with most Americans putting together the materials they need to file their returns, gathering receipts, and searching for other tax deductions to maximize the amount they get back from the federal government.
  • If the IRS begins to suspect that a tax return isn't entirely truthful, the filer might be in for an audit.
  • Only about 1.1 percent of people who file a 1040 [the most common tax return] for the 2010 tax year were audited ... [or] about 1.5 million," says Rozbruch. "However, the audit rate is 12.5 percent for people earning $1 million or more in 2010.
  • ...6 more annotations...
  • audits are most often triggered by the kind and amount of deductions taken
  • a professional should be hired in all audit cases.
  • For example, after widespread fraud was discovered, the IRS audited most taxpayers who claimed the First-Time Homebuyer Credit," Reed says. "The Earned Income Credit and the Adoption Credit are also common audit targets, but these are also credits that are often abused, so it makes sense for the IRS to verify that taxpayers qualify for them."
  • Two common examples are receipts for contributions to charity and mileage logs. When taxpayers try to recreate these expenses, they discover it is hard to remember events that happened more than a year ago," Reed says. "In the absence of good records, the deductions are disallowed when audited."
  • According to Rozbruch, the best track to take when an audit begins is to attempt to make things right immediately.
  • Reed adds that if the taxpayer is not maliciously trying to cheat the government, the IRS can be lenient.
  • matt swango on 25 Jan 12
     
    Tax season is upon us. Here's some tips to avoid an audit
Alexis Jackson

Overview of Problem-based Learning: Definitions and Distinctions - 0 views

docs.lib.purdue.edu/...viewcontent.cgi

PBL education

shared by Alexis Jackson on 09 Mar 14 - No Cached
  • Alexis Jackson on 09 Mar 14
     
    2006 article from Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-Based Learning
Mr. D D

Constructivist Learning - 1 views

www.personal.psu.edu/...construct.htm

shared by Mr. D D on 05 Oct 13 - Cached
  • Constructivism is an epistemological belief about what "knowing" is and how one "come to know."
  • rejects the notions
  • Constructivism, with focus on social nature of cognition, suggests an approach that
  • ...66 more annotations...
  • learners the
  • learners the
  • learners the
  • opportunity for concrete, contextually meaningful experience through which they can search for patterns, raise their own questions, and construct their own models.
  • engage in activity, discourse, and reflection
  • take on more ownership of the ideas, and to pursue autonomy, mutual reciprocity of social relations, and empowerment to be the goals.
  • "knowledge proceeds neither solely from the experience of objects nor from an innate programming
  • but from successive constructions."
  • and the effect of social interaction, language, and culture on learning.
  • This movement occurs in the so-called "zone of proximal development" as a result of social interaction.
  • disappointed with the overwhelming control of environment over human behavior that is represented in behaviorism.
  • recognized two
  • internalization
  • basic processes operating continuously at every level of human activity
  • internalization and externalization
  • complex mental function is first an interaction between people
  • becomes a process within individuals
  • This transformation involves the mastery of external means of thinking and learning to use symbols to control and regulate one's thinking.
  • the claim is that mental processes can be understood only if we understand the tools and signs that mediate them
  • the gesture of pointing could not have been established as a sign without the reaction of the other person.
  • Bruner's key concepts
  • mode of representing past events through appropriate motor responses
  • which enables
  • perceiver to "summarize events by organization of percepts and of images
  • symbol system which represents things by design features that can be arbitrary and remote, e.g. language
  • Bruner's influence on instruction
  • Translating material into children's modes of thought:
  • enable learners to develop cognitive growth: questioning, prompting
  • discovery as" all forms of obtaining knowledge for oneself by the use of one's own mind
  • Interpersonal interaction
  • Discovery learning:
  • Spiral Curriculum:
  • promote concept discovery, the teacher presents the set of instances that will best help learners to develop an appropriate model of the concept.
  • cognitive constructivists
  • sociocultural constructivists
  • focusing on the individual cognitive construction of mental structures;
  • emphasizing the social interaction and cultural practice on the construction of knowledge
  • Promote discovery in the exercise of problem solving
  • Variables in instruction: nature of knowledge, nature of the knower, and nature of the knowledge-getting process
  • Feedback must be provided in a mode that is both meaningful and within the information-processing capacity of the learner.
  • Intrinsic pleasure of discovery promote a sense of self-reward
  • Knowledge cannot exist independently from the knower;
  • Learning is viewed as self-regulatory process
  • Cognitive constructivists focus on the active mental construction struggling with the conflict between existing personal models of the world, and incoming information in the environment.
  • Sociocultural constructivists emphasis
  • in which learners construct their models of reality as a meaning-making undertaking with culturally developed tools and symbols
  • and negotiate such meaning thorough cooperative social activity, discourse and debate (
  • Learners are active in making sense of things instead of responding to stimuli.
  • learners " make tentative interpretations of experience
  • requires invention and self-organization
  • Errors need to be perceived as a result of learners' conceptions and therefore not minimized or avoided.
  • the learners are responsible for defending, proving, justifying, and communicating their ideas to the classroom community.
  • humans seek to organize and generalize across experiences
  • According to TIP's
  • Theory Into Practice
  • Spiral organization:
  • Going beyond the information given:
  • Readiness:
  • learning is an active process in which learners construct new ideas or concepts based upon their current/past knowledge.
  • learning is an active process in which learners construct new ideas or concepts based upon their current/past knowledge.
  • learning is an active process in which learners construct new ideas or concepts based upon their current/past knowledge.
  • that learning is an active process in which learners construct new ideas or concepts based upon their current/past knowledge.
  • Instruction must be structured so that it can be easily grasped by the student
  • learning is an active process in which learners construct new ideas or concepts based upon their current/past knowledge.
  • learning is an active process in which learners construct new ideas or concepts based upon their current/past knowledge.
  • Bruner's major theoretical framework is that learning is an active process in which learners construct new ideas or concepts based upon their current/past knowledge.
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