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The Koyal Group Info Mag on Unusual square ice discovered The surprising discovery of "square ice" which forms at room temperature was made by an international team of researchers last week. The study was published in Nature by a team of scientists from UK and Germany led by Andre Geim of University of Manchester and G. Algara-Siller of University of Ulm. The accompanying review article was done by Alan Soper of Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in UK. "We didn't expect to find square ice ... We found there is something strange in terms of water going through [nanochannels]. It's going too fast. And you can't explain that by just imagining a very thin layer of liquid. Liquids do not behave in that way. The important thing to realize is that it is ice in the sense of a crystallized structure, it's not ice in the familiar sense in that it's something cold and from which you have to protect yourself," said Professor Irina Grigorieva, one of the researchers. To study the molecular structure of water inside a transparent nanoscale capillary, the team used electron microscopy. This enabled them to view individual water molecules, especially because the nano-capillary was created from graphene which was one atom thick and would not impair the electron imaging. Graphene was also chosen because it has unusual properties like conducting electricity and extreme strength. It's a 2D form of carbon that once rolled up in cylinders will form a carbon nanotube, a material, which according to The Koyal Group Info Mag, is a subject of further study because of its unusual strength. The scientists themselves were admittedly surprised at finding out that small square-shaped ice crystals formed at room temperature where the graphene capillaries are narrow (3 atomic layers of water at most). The water molecules formed into square lattices arranged in neat rows -- an arrangement that is uncharacteristic for the element that is known for forming consistent triangular structures

Or mat & mince comme coupe spec shorts, les analystes s'attendent à des pertes de la Fed après Le prix de l'or bordé de 10 $ par once plus bas lundi matin quels concessionnaires appelés « terne, mince » commerce suite saut pointu de vendredi sur les données d'emplois aux États-Unis. Une montée subite dans asiatique partage prix - attribués au gagnant de Tokyo les Jeux olympiques de 2020 offre, de plus les nouvelles officielles de croissance annuelle de 7 % dans les exportations de la Chine et les importations en août - n'a pas pas soulever les marchés boursiers européens. Or est retombé à 1 382 $ comme produits de base a également diminué avec les prix des obligations publiques européennes principales. Argent perdu 1,5 % d'arrivée de vendredi, atteinte après que les données d'emplois américains plus faibles que prévu vu le métal précieux regagner la perte de près de 4 % - de la veille. "Or grimpé plus de $30 par conséquent," stratège de Mitsubishi notes Jonathan Butler, « aux attentes des importantes QE s'amenuisant ont été repoussé au-delà de septembre. »Si or efface avec succès le niveau 1 400 $, le prochain arrêt technique est d'environ 1 435 $. » Mais "avec beaucoup d'analystes appelant pour effiler pour démarrer en septembre", estime le courtier Marex Spectron, " cela limitera la hausse [à prix d'or et d'argent]." Si ce n'était pas pour la situation syrienne, nous serions plus faibles." Pointant vers le pic de la semaine dernière de 3 % à taux de rendement 10 ans du Trésor américain, "Gold [avait] pensons certaine pression de la hausse des taux d'intérêt," déclare Edward Meir, écrivant pour les courtiers INTL FC Pierre. Grâce à contradictoires données américaines, "Confusion empêchera probablement or d'affaiblir considérablement au cours de cette semaine," a-t-il ajouté, "mais nous soupçonnons que la vente devrait s'intensifier après que la réunion de la Fed est de la route." « Le

Info Mag Koyal Group Spirit and Opportunity Top 10 Decade 1 Discoveries Top Rover Scientist Tells Universe Today A Top 10 Decade 1 Discovery by NASA's Twin Mars Exploration Rovers Carbonate-Containing Martian Rocks discovered by Spirit Mars Rover Spirit collected data in late 2005 which confirmed that the Comanche outcrop contains magnesium iron carbonate, a mineral indicating the past environment was wet and non-acidic, possibly favorable to life. This view was captured during Sol 689 on Mars (Dec. 11, 2005). The find at Comanche is the first unambiguous evidence from either Spirit or Opportunity for a past Martian environment that may have been more favorable to life than the wet but acidic conditions indicated by the rovers' earlier finds. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/Cornell University January 2014 marks the 10th anniversary since the nail biting and history making safe landings of NASA's renowned Mars Explorations Rovers - Spirit and Opportunity - on the Red Planet barely three weeks apart during January 2004. Due to their completely unforeseen longevity, a decade of spectacular and groundbreaking scientific discoveries continuously flowed from the robot sisters that have graced many articles, magazine covers, books, documentaries and refereed scientific papers. What are the Top 10 Decade 1 discoveries from Spirit and Opportunity? Find out below what a top Mars rover team scientist told Universe Today! Ray Arvidson, the rovers Deputy Principal Investigator and professor at Washington University in St. Louis, has kindly shared with me his personal list of the Top 10 discoveries from Spirit and Opportunity for the benefit of readers of Universe Today. The Top 10 list below are Ray's personal choices and does not necessarily reflect the consensus of the Mars Explorations Rover (MER) team. First some background. The dynamic duo were launched on their interplanetary voyages from Cape Canaveral Florida atop Delta II rockets during the summer of 2003. The now

What if your cell phone didn't come with a battery? Imagine, instead, if the material from which your phone was built was a battery. The promise of strong load-bearing materials that can also work as batteries represents something of a holy grail for engineers. And in a letter published online in Nano Letters last week, a team of researchers from Vanderbilt University describes what it says is a breakthrough in turning that dream into an electrocharged reality. The researchers etched nanopores into silicon layers, which were infused with a polyethylene oxide-ionic liquid composite and coated with an atomically thin layer of carbon. In doing so, they created small but strong supercapacitor battery systems, which stored electricity in a solid electrolyte, instead of using corrosive chemical liquids found in traditional batteries.