This is a video of Claudius Ptolemy's theories on the motion of the universe. Although Ptolemy had a geocentric view of the universe, he was able to accurately predict where any planet would be at any time and day.
The philosophy of the Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius can be found in a collection of personal writings known as the Meditations. These reflect the influence of Stoicism and, in particular, the philosophy of Epictetus, the Stoic. The Meditations may be read as a series of practical philosophical exercises, following Epictetus' three topics of study, designed to digest and put into practice philosophical theory.