Standardized testing involves using testing instruments that are administered and scored in a pre-established standard or consistent manner. There are two types of standardized testing instruments: norm-referenced tests and criterion-referenced tests (IRA/NCTE Joint Task Force on Assessment, 1994).

The debate over standardized testing in schools is an important one which will affect the future of education in our country. Many believe these tests are inherently fair and equal, and measure the skills and knowledge needed to succeed in life. However, some hold that the tests benefit certain kinds of students while creating an unfair bias against others.

How do schools use standardized tests? The No Child Left Behind (NCLB) era has seen an unprecedented expansion of standardized testing and test misuse.

They hold teachers accountable and benefit students. What's not to like? President Barack Obama and leaders of the teachers unions disagree with the view of citizens that schools, educators, and students should be held accountable for their performance on standardized tests.