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dunya darwiche

Birth Order Psychology - 1 views

students.brown.edu/...roman-birthorder.html

Birth Order

shared by dunya darwiche on 01 Feb 11 - No Cached
  • five major birth order positions: only, oldest, second, middle, and youngest child
  • . Each one of these had its own personality traits, ingrained psychological issues, and effects later in life.
  • only child
  • ...23 more annotations...
  • difficulty sharing with peers, prefers adult company, and uses adult language
  • oldest child
  • authoritarian and feel power is their right but can become helpful if encouraged.
  • lpful if en
  • turn to the father for reassurance after the birth of the next child.
  • second child
  • overtake the older child, which leads to rivalry.
  • more competitive
  • rebel or try to outdo everyone
  • the middle child may be even-tempered, assuming a “take it or leave it” attitude
  • trouble finding a place and thus become a fighter of injustice
  • youngest is frequently spoiled and may never be dethroned of their place as the baby of the family
  • ig plans fueled by the desire to outdo the others
  • Adler did document exceptions
  • birth order is sometimes not a major influence on personality development and that the child's opinion of himself and his situation determines his choice of attitude
  • mélange of two distinct sciences: sociology and psychology
  • Like all sciences, social psychology searches for concrete proof before belief
  • “the biologizing of human beings is not only bad humanism, but also bad science.”
  • study at Ohio State University conducted in the winter of 2001 showed that birth order affects career interests. In the Journal of Career Assessment, researchers noted that only children and first born children tended to have more cognitive and analytical interests, while those later-born were more artistic and outdoors oriented.
  • twenty-five types of marriages according to birth order
  • most common marital relationship is between an only child and a second child, and it has a fairly high rate of success, while first born-first born relationships seem to rarely happen. Firstborns are less likely to connect romantically.
  • seems to have no scientific proof
  • influence of being the first born of a specific gender, the influence of changing family dynamics, and the potential for methodical pitfalls in birth order research interest not only studies on birth order, but the research of many other social trends.
Catherine Delisle

Who Shaped Our Behavior? Peers or Parents? - 2 views

www.mindpub.com/art273.htm

shared by Catherine Delisle on 30 Sep 10 - No Cached
  • According to Harris, children are most influenced by their peers.  They adopt many behaviors of their peers in social settings in order to be accepted by their peers.
  • She goes on to say that children's interaction with their peers permanently modifies their inborn psychological characteristics
  • They adopt many behaviors of their peers in social settings in order to be accepted by
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • The fact is that we decide who we would let influence, inspire, or corrupt us.
  • It is true that children adopt or mimic certain behaviors in social settings in order to win acceptance of their peers.  How desperate children get for peer acceptance and approval depends on the sense of individuality (or lack of it) their families cultivate in them.  Children whose parents encourage them to think independently learn to question rather than to blindly follow.  Such children might be less influenced by their peers.
    • Catherine Delisle
      Catherine Delisle on 07 Oct 10
       
      This could help me and my partner for our project because we understand that teenagers try to immitate people to become socially accepted by them. We also understand that teenagers are desperate for this acceptance and have parents who teach them to question important decisions have more independance that those who are 'followers'.
  • Parents influence at-home behavior and peers influence behavior outside the home, that is, the behavior in the social setting.  We learn how to make friends and influence others by first experimenting with our peers and then we transfer these skills to the adult world of coworkers and friends.  But, how we behave as partners and parents is more likely to be shaped by what we observe in our families as children.  
    • Catherine Delisle
      Catherine Delisle on 07 Oct 10
       
      This section could help us because it explains how teenagers change their behaviours when at home compared to with their social groups. People will always be different with their friends than with their families.
  • Peers influence our behavior but parents play a part in which peers we choose to associate with.  Our behavior in public and at work is largely determined by our childhood peers but our family behavior is determined by the early lessons we received at home. 
    • Catherine Delisle
      Catherine Delisle on 30 Sep 10
       
      This web page could really help me and my partner on our search to find the correlation between different environments that teens are in and the behaviour they adapt for that specific environment. This text explains a lot about the mentality that teens have and their influences.
  • Catherine Delisle on 30 Sep 10
     
    Psychology of teenage behaviour: Who influences our behaviour and how does it change from social cliques to our homes
  • Daryl Bambic on 24 Oct 10
     
    Also not the best site for you.
Mason Brenhouse

Link between music and academic achievement - 1 views

parkslopemusiclessons.com/...music-and-academic-achievement

music wiki academics sociology project article

shared by Mason Brenhouse on 21 Oct 10 - No Cached
  • ScienceDaily (Feb. 11, 2
  • A new study in the journal Social Science Quarterly reveals that music participation, defined as music lessons taken in or out of school and parents attending concerts with their children, has a positive effect on reading and mathematic achievement in early childhood and adolescence. Additionally, socioeconomic status and ethnicity affect music participation.
  • Music is positively associated with academic achievement, especially during the high school years.
  • ...1 more annotation...
  • “This has major policy implications for federal, state, and local agencies, as well as knowledge that can help families allocate resources that are most beneficial to children.”
  • Mason Brenhouse on 21 Oct 10
     
    Interesting, this article states that the presence of music in or out of school has a positive effect on reading and mathematics on children. However, it does state that families with higher socioeconomic status. It also states that the government should allocate funds in order to allow people's lives to be enriched by music. 
Patrick Reid

Brain Function and Music: How Does Music Affect The Brain and Learning? - 1 views

www.suite101.com/...rain-function-and-music-a22750

shared by Patrick Reid on 30 Sep 10 - No Cached
  • Martin Gardiner, research director at The Music School, theorizes that "learning arts skills forces mental 'stretching' useful to other areas of learning: the maths learning advantage could, for example, reflect the development of mental skills such as ordering, and other elements of thinking on which mathematical learning at this age also depends." [The National Association for Music Education, menc.org, May 23, 1996 issue of Nature]
    • Patrick Reid
      Patrick Reid on 30 Sep 10
       
      This Shows us a theory on how music affects the brain and here it is showing how it can help you with your math for example because it helps mental skills such as ordering and other important elements in math.
    • Patrick Reid
      Patrick Reid on 30 Sep 10
       
      This webpage is useful to my project even though there is not much information there is some very good information in my opinion about the brain and music and school which is perfect for my groups project.
  • Daryl Bambic on 24 Oct 10
     
    Not the best site for credibility.
nickenepekides

Prison Pecking Order | ANDsociety.com - 0 views

www.andsociety.com/13459.html

prison

shared by nickenepekides on 21 Sep 15 - No Cached
  • nickenepekides on 21 Sep 15
     
    C: Published on February 9 2014 R: It is very relevant to my topic however it is fairly simple and doesn't go into great depth. A: Christopher Zoukis has written a book and has won awards as a writer. A: The spelling is accurate and correct, I don't see anything I know to be false and it reinforces some things I already know are true. P: The article is meant to educate people on prison life, some of the things said are more of an opinion while others are facts.
Patrick Reid

The effect of music listening on work performance - Psychology of Music - 1 views

pom.sagepub.com/...173.abstract

shared by Patrick Reid on 30 Sep 10 - No Cached
  • Data were collected in the participants’ actual work environments over five weeks. Results indicated that state positive affect and quality-of-work were lowest with no music, while time-on-task was longest when music was removed. Narrative responses revealed the value of music listening for positive mood change and enhanced perception on design while working.
    • Daryl Bambic
      Daryl Bambic on 24 Oct 10
       
      While this site is excellent, it is only the abstract (like a small resume) of a very interesting study. In order to use it, you'd have to subscribe to the journal (costs $$) and read it all. So, you can't use this site.
Leigh Gantman

Greed - 0 views

www.goodnews.ie/jacobswellmooi.shtml

shared by Leigh Gantman on 05 Oct 10 - No Cached
  •    It is common experience that those who have most want most. This must be because they don't really have what they have: it doesn't fulfil them, it only baits them into further accumulation. Greed is a bottomless pit and nothing will ever fill it. Many misers even live very poor lives - in order to die rich! A tycoon stipulated in his will that he should be buried in his limousine, seated at the wheel, with a Havana cigar in his mouth. It was done. As the crane was lowering the limousine into the grave, one of the bystanders said to his friend, “Man! Some people really know how to live!”
  • Leigh Gantman on 05 Oct 10
     
    This is a really strong point and one that is very useful to my project. "Those who have most want most." This can be interpreted as people who have more money generally want to have more things. However, this is because they are never satisfied with what they possess. For my experiment, this could be very helpful in proving my hypothesis correct because the population I will be studying is the shoppers at an expensive store. As this passage suggests, people with more money accumulate as much as possible for themselves only. If that is the case, then I will be able to conclude that my hypothesis is accurate because the majority of the shoppers at the store will not donate to the cause. They will only be considerate of the things that they want and not take into account that their small acts that can easily help another.
  • Daryl Bambic on 24 Oct 10
     
    I've already shared my reservations about this site with you.
dunya darwiche

CBC News Indepth: Crime: Youth Criminal Justice Act - 1 views

www.cbc.ca/...ycja.html

shared by dunya darwiche on 20 Nov 10 - No Cached
  • April 1, 2003, the Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA)
  • emphasize the rehabilitation and re-entry of a young offender into society.
  • "The youth criminal justice system is to prevent crime by addressing the circumstances underlying a young person's offending behaviour, rehabilitate young persons who commit offences and reintegrate them back into society, and ensure that a young person is subject to meaningful consequences for his or her offences, in order to promote the long-term protection of the public."
Daryl Bambic

Rethinking One of Psychology's Most Infamous Experiments - The Atlantic - 0 views

www.theatlantic.com/...384913

milgram authority obedience

shared by Daryl Bambic on 27 Oct 15 - No Cached
  • 1961,
  • $4 for one hour of your time,”
  • Only part of that was true
    • Daryl Bambic
      Daryl Bambic on 27 Oct 15
       
      Is this ethical?  Can researchers conduct an experiment and not reveal the true nature of the research?
  • ...6 more annotations...
  • full 65 percent of people went all the way.
  • Until they emerged from the lab, the participants didn’t know that the shocks weren’t real,
    • Daryl Bambic
      Daryl Bambic on 27 Oct 15
       
      What do you think might have been the impact of believing that you had been capable of administering fatal shocks to another human being?  
  • hat ordinary people, under the direction of an authority figure, would obey just about any order they were given, even to torture.
  • It’s a phenomenon that’s been used to explain atrocities from the Holocaust to the Vietnam War’s My Lai massacre to the abuse of prisoners at Abu Ghraib.
  • one of the most famous experiments of the 20th century.
  • It’s inspired songs by Peter Gabriel (lyrics: “We do what we’re told/We do what we’re told/Told to do”
Daryl Bambic

Chapter 7. Deviance, Crime, and Social Control | Introduction to Sociology - ... - 0 views

opentextbc.ca/...iance-crime-and-social-control

shared by Daryl Bambic on 26 Oct 15 - No Cached
  • personality disorder
  • anti-social behaviour, diminished empathy, and lack of inhibitions.
  • term psychopathy is often used to emphasize that the source of the disorder is internal, based on psychological, biological, or genetic factors, whereas sociopathy is used to emphasize predominant social factors in the disorder: the social or familial sources of its development and the inability to be social or abide by societal rules (Hare 1999).
  • ...86 more annotations...
  • ociopathy
  • sociological disease par excellence.
  • Cesare Lombroso
  • positivist criminology who thought he had isolated specific physiological characteristics of “degeneracy”
  • James Fallon
  • lack of brain activity has been linked with specific genetic markers
  • environment, and not just genes
  • psychopathy and sociopathy are recognized as problematic forms of deviance because of prevalent social anxieties about serial killers as types of criminal who “live next door” or blend in.
  • we do not know our neighbours well
  • deviance is a violation of established contextual, cultural, or social norms, whether folkways, mores, or codified law
  • Folkways
  • Mores
  • laws are norms that are specified in explicit codes and enforced by government bodies
  • rime is therefore an act of deviance that breaks not only a norm, but a law. Deviance can be as minor as picking one’s nose in public or as major as committing murder.
  • Firstly, deviance is defined by its social context. To understand why some acts are deviant and some are not, it is necessary to understand what the context is, what the existing rules are, and how these rules came to be established
  • Whether an act is deviant or not depends on society’s definition of that act
  • deviance is not an intrinsic (biological or psychological) attribute of individuals, nor of the acts themselves, but a product of social processes.
  • moral entrepreneurs
  • individuals’ deviant status is ascribed to them through social processes
  • even when these beliefs about kinds of persons are products of objective scientific classification, the institutional context of science and expert knowledge is not independent of societal norms, beliefs, and practices
  • Crime and deviance are social constructs that vary according to the definitions of crime, the forms and effectiveness of policing, the social characteristics of criminals, and the relations of power that structure society
  • social control,
  • organized action intended to change people’s behaviour
  • maintain social order,
  • enforcing rules are through sanctions
  • Positive
  • Negative
  • formal or informal
  • Formal sanctions
  • Niccolo Machiavelli’s The Prince (1532),
  • It was not, however, until the 19th century and the invention of modern institutions like the prison, the public school, the modern army, the asylum, the hospital, and the factory, that the means for extending government and social control widely through the population were developed.
  • disciplinary social control 
  • Foucault argues that the ideal of discipline as a means of social control is to render individuals docile.
  • The chief components of disciplinary social control in modern institutions like the prison and the school are surveillance, normalization, and examination
  • seeing machine.
  • rows of desks
  • one-way glass or video monitors.
  • normalization
  • examinations
  • disciplinary social control as a key mechanism in creating a normalizing society.
  • One way deviance is functional, he argued, is that it challenges people’s present views
  • which also contributes to society
  • crime is most likely to occur in communities with weak social ties and the absence of social control.
  • cial disorganization theor
  • A person is not born a criminal, but becomes one over time, often based on factors in his or her social environment.
  • Individuals who believe they are a part of society are less likely to commit crimes against it.
  • Attachment
  • Commitment
  • involvement,
  • belief,
  • studies have found that children from disadvantaged communities who attend preschool programs that teach basic social skills are significantly less likely to engage in criminal activity
  • strain theory
  • that access to socially acceptable goals plays a part in determining whether a person conforms or deviates.
  • Critical sociology looks to social and economic factors as the causes of crime and deviance.
  • but as evidence of inequality in the system.
  • accommodatio
  • discrepancy between the reality of structural inequality and the high cultural value of economic success creates a strain that has to be resolved by some means.
  • consensus crimes
  • Conflict crime
  • Social deviations
  • social diversion
  • The second sociological insight
  • ndividuals are not born deviant, but become deviant through their interaction with reference groups, institutions, and authorities
  • t is not simply a matter of the events that lead authorities to define an activity or category of persons deviant, but of the processes by which individuals come to recognize themselves as deviant.
  • Once a category of deviance has been established and applied to a person, that person begins to define himself or herself in terms of this category and behave accordingly
  • The major issue is not that labels are arbitrary or that it is possible not to use labels at all, but that the choice of label has consequences.
  • Government refers to the strategies by which one seeks to direct or guide the conduct of another or others.
  • differential association theory, stating that individuals learn deviant behaviour from those close to them who provide models of and opportunities for deviance.
  • White-collar or corporate crime
  • sociologist C. Wright Mills described the existence of what he dubbed the power elite, a small group of wealthy and influential people at the top of society who hold the power and resources.
  • their decisions affect everyone in society
  • The goal of the amendments was to emphasize that sexual assault is an act of violence, not a sexual act
  • secondary victimization
  • Women who are regarded as criminally deviant are often seen as being  doubly deviant. They have broken the laws but they have also broken gender norms about appropriate female behaviour, whereas men’s criminal behaviour is seen as consistent with their aggressive, self-assertive character
  • medicalize
  • n part the gender difference revolves around patriarchal attitudes toward women and the disregard for matters considered to be of a private or domestic nature
  • 1970s, women worked to change the criminal justice system and establish rape crisis centres and battered women’s shelters, bringing attention to domestic violence.
  • Interestingly women and men report similar rates of spousal violence
  • more a result of differential socialization processes.
  • Labelling Theory
  • Labelling theory examines the ascribing of a deviant behaviour to another person by members of society.
  • not so much by the behaviours themselves or the people who commit them, but by the reactions of others to these behaviours.
  • Secondary deviance can be so strong that it bestows a master status on an individual
  • Primary deviance is a violation of norms that does not result in any long-term effects on the individual’s self-image or interactions with others
  • Secondary deviance occurs when a person’s self-concept and behaviour begin to change after his or her actions are labelled as deviant by members of society.
  • The criminal justice system is ironically one of the primary agencies of socialization into the criminal “career path.”
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