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wangxiaohui19880214

《梦华录》里的开封,一座先天不足的首都 - 0 views

  • 再加上宋太祖赵匡胤严格防范地方将领拥兵割据,采取 “强干弱枝,内外相制” 的军事策略,即将天下兵马的一半驻扎在首都,另一半分散到全国各地,而且厢军(地方军队)的战斗力比禁军更拉胯。这样做的后果是,北宋地方兵力空虚,导致其在与周边民族政权的战争中多处于劣势。
  • 而洛阳位于开封西面 170 多公里。水路需要经过黄河,此时的黄河航运条件并不理想,因此在接收江南运来的物资方面,并没有开封便利。再加上洛阳屡次经历战争破坏,远不如开封繁华富庶。
  • 试图迁都,直接碰壁尽管赵匡胤在夺位后选择定都于此,但他本人对开封并不满意,一直想要迁都到洛阳去,并以此为跳板,最终迁至长安。一方面,多个重要朝代定都于此,沿袭旧制可 “彰显” 自己的正统地位。另一方面,古代王朝选择都城,必定要考虑安全因素,如古都长安,被关中四塞(东函谷关,后为潼关,西大散关,南武关,北萧关)所拱卫,又有秦岭、崤山凭依,攻取难度颇大。而洛阳则背依北邙山,有伊、洛、瀍、涧四水,东有让李世民一战擒双王的虎牢关,西有潼关作为门户,同样难以攻取。长安和洛阳其实都位于盆地中长安是关中盆地,洛阳是伊洛盆地军事上的安全性有余,但经济资源已严重不足
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  • 而反观地处中原腹地的开封,周围地势十分平坦,只有黄河堪堪可以起到拱卫都城的作用,可以说易攻难守,而作为华北平原门户屏障的幽云十六州(即今天的北京、天津北部、河北中部、山西北部地区),又被后晋的开国皇帝石敬瑭 “孝敬” 给了契丹。
  • 假如在北宋初年,统治者能一举收复幽云十六州,则中原大地有了一个地理屏障,京师的安全也就有了最基本的保障。可惜的是,这一愿景随着宋太宗兵败高梁河而烟消云散。
  • 另一方面,古代王朝选择都城,必定要考虑安全因素,如古都长安,被关中四塞(东函谷关,后为潼关,西大散关,南武关,北萧关)所拱卫,又有秦岭、崤山凭依,攻取难度颇大。而洛阳则背依北邙山,有伊、洛、瀍、涧四水,东有让李世民一战擒双王的虎牢关,西有潼关作为门户,同样难以攻取。
  • 纵观北宋从立国到灭亡的 167 年间,光是有名有姓、被记载到史书上的农民起义就有两百多次,但纵使如此,对于北宋根基毫无影响。
  • 其原因是,除去那些因为活不下去而选择起义的人,大量无地农民选择背井离乡到大城市,以流民的形式谋一份生路,而北宋是中国古代罕有的不严格执行 “重农抑商” 政策的朝代,很多流民在见识到商业的繁荣后,纷纷选择做些小生意以养家糊口。(此外还有灾年的征兵,解决了灾民问题,但增加了冗兵)
iyus qobain

Roamer of Switzerland Men's 413637 47 24 40 Stingray Automatic Gold IP Steel Day and Da... - 0 views

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    Roamer of Switzerland Men's 413637 47 24 40 Stingray Automatic Gold IP Steel Day and Date Watch - with price: $795.00 - Correct to the convention of fine watches of persisting esteem, the roamer men's stingray accumulation procures its legitimate place on the wrist of each courteous fellow. This
alexnardoni

Justice Realignment, Proposition 47 and the Crime Rate - 0 views

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    Riverside District Attorney Michael A. Hestrin discusses California's Proposition 47 and its impact on crime and the justice system.
The Dollar Business

Potato production in India to be at 47 MT this year - 0 views

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    India's potato output is projected to be around 47 million tonnes in the current year, just a level below of all-time high
karishmamulani

Electronic Health Records Market Size Worth $42.47 Billion By 2028 | Exclusive Study by... - 0 views

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    Electronic Health Records Market Size Worth $42.47 Billion By 2028 | Exclusive Study by Polaris Market Research | Medgadget
karishmamulani

Organoids and Spheroids Market Size Worth $2.47 Billion by 2028 | CAGR: 22.8% : Polaris... - 0 views

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    Organoids and Spheroid
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    Organoids and Spheroids Market Size Worth $2.47 Billion by 2028 | CAGR: 22.8% : Polaris Market Research | Medgadget
urroyansh urroyansh

Cinéma sac longchamp pliage pas cher - 0 views

« On sera pour la première fois de notre histoire à plus de 400.000 visiteurs cette année », a-t-il dit.Retrouvez cet article sur 20minutes.frNetflix devrait compter 900 000 abonnés en France fin 2...

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started by urroyansh urroyansh on 28 Aug 15 no follow-up yet
technology_news

5G Chipset Market Size Is Predicted To Reach $28.79 Billion By 2027 | CAGR 47.6% &... - 0 views

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    5G Chipset Market Size Is Predicted To Reach $28.79 Billion By 2027 | CAGR 47.6% | Polaris Market Research - Press Release - Digital Journal
technology_news

5G Infrastructure Market Size Worth $47.6 Billion By 2027 | CAGR: 68.1% | - 0 views

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    5G Infrastructure Market Size Worth $47.6 Billion By 2027 | CAGR: 68.1% |
iyus qobain

Rolex Datejust Black Dial White Gold Bezel Automatic Stainless Steel Ladies Watch 11623... - 0 views

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    Rolex Datejust Black Dial White Gold Bezel Automatic Stainless Steel Ladies Watch 116234BKRO By Rolex - with price: $6,977.47 - Stainless steel case with a stainless steel shellfish armlet. Fluted 18kt white gold bezel. Dark dial with silver-tone hands and Roman numeral hour markers. Dial Type: A
iyus qobain

Hamilton Men's H32816131 Lord Hamilton Black Day Date Chronograph Dial Watch - 0 views

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    Hamilton Men's H32816131 Lord Hamilton Black Day Date Chronograph Dial Watch - with price: $1,745.00 - Hamilton is established as one of the leading watchmakers in the world with a proven reputation for creating elegant and reliable timepieces. Brushed and polished stainless steel case, Sapphire crystal screw-in caseback, Tachymeter scale displayed on the bezel, Black dial, Silvertone indices hour markers, Arabic numeral minute markers, Silvertone luminescent hands, Sweep second hand for the chronograph, Three silver ring subdials, small seconds subdial at the 9 o'clock, chronograph minutes subdial at the 12 o'clock, chronograph hours subdial at the 6 o'clock, Day and date window at the 3 o'clock position, Brushed and polished stainless steel bracelet, Push-button deployment clasp, Sapphire crystal, Push/pull crown, Swiss automatic movement, Valjoux caliber 7750, Power reserve of 42 hours, Water resistance to 10 ATM/100 meters/330 feet, Case measurements are 47 mm in diameter x 15 mm thick, Bracelet measurements are 24 mm wide x 8 inches long.
iyus qobain

Tag Heuer Link Diamond Silver Guilloche Steel Ladies Watch WAT1414.BA0954 By TAG Heuer - 0 views

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    Tag Heuer Link Diamond Silver Guilloche Steel Ladies Watch WAT1414.BA0954 By TAG Heuer - with price: $5,600.00 - Cleaned stainless steel case with a stainless steel wristband. Cleaned stainless steel settled 47 jewels bezel. Silver dial s-shape guilloché 11 jewels dial with silver-tone hands
Kris Abel

The good news is we're working fewer hours | News.com.au - 0 views

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    "WORKING excessive hours is declining, with the number of employees working 40 or more hours a week dropping from 47.16 per cent in 2006 to 46.33 per cent in 2011."
amar9099

central park lake front apartment on sohna road Gurgaon - 0 views

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    Central Park is the fastest growing real estate brand having over 7 Million Sq. Ft. of existing development and another 12 million sq. ft. of planned projects across hospitality, leisure, recreation, commercial and upscale residential developments in some of the prime locations in Gurgaon, Delhi NCR and Goa. We have already successfully delivered Central Park 1 was a upscale Condominiums located on the Prime Golf Course Road of Gurgaon 47.5 acres of Central Park Resorts on Sohna Road, Gurgaon Central Park aims at establishing an unprecedented domain where "Luxury real estate meets unmatched hospitality"; thereby establishing a new relationship with its patrons
iyus qobain

Canon imageFORMULA P-150 Scan-tini Personal Document Scanner - 0 views

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    Canon imageFORMULA P-150 Scan-tini Personal Document Scanner - just for $257.47  - Group's line of imageFORMULA P-Sequence private scanners permit Modest Office/Home Office (SOHO) users, telecommuters, and way warriors to enhance private effectiveness and single profit. Profoundly convenient an
iyus qobain

Character & Novelty Clocks & Watches (Identification & Values (Collector Books)) - 0 views

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    Character & Novelty Clocks & Watches (Identification & Values (Collector Books)) - with price: $ 5.47 - Character & Novelty Clocks & Watches is a fascinating and comprehensive book that emphasizes animated timepieces and scarce and rare clocks and watches. Some of these timepie
Roxie Metro

Arch Coal, Inc. Adds Strong Quarter Despite of Sluggish Coal Market Conditions - 0 views

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    The fourth quarter 2011 net income of Arch Coal, Inc. (NYSE:ACI) recorded as $70.9 million, or $0.33 per diluted share versus with its previous year period's net income of $47.8 million, or $0.29 per diluted share, apart from acquisition-related costs connected with the procurement of International Coal Group in addition to non-cash amortization of acquired coal supply agreements, fourth quarter 2011 adjusted earnings were $0.29 per diluted share.
koyal0

MCX Gold trend and intraday levels for copper on 14 august | Commodity Tips Money Maker - 0 views

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    MCX base metal copper shows weaker trend to last week, copper price nonstop ralied towords to 448.60 per kg .The future price for copper down by 1RS to 449.45. the copper price at 448.55 rs / kg at 10:47 am IST .
anonymous

Nuclear summit ends with action plan for nuclear security - 0 views

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    The two-day Nuclear Security Summit ended on Tuesday, with leaders from 47 nations signing off on a non-binding communique and an action plan that presses for collective global action to secure all vulnerable fissile materials such as highly enriched uranium and separated plutonium within four years.
Online Compliance

Computer Compliance & Cloud Impact Part-Online Training - 0 views

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    Attend this upcoming webinar and learn about SaaS applications, Cloud technology services used in GXP, Part 11/Annex 11, HIPAA, and Safe Harbor regulated industries.
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